Kana Chirungu shoko "kuva": kushandiswa rechiito

Kazhinji, kana kudzidza mumwe mutauro wokumwe pachena: zvose Chirungu shoko "kuva". Uyezve, kuti kushandurwa somunhu vanoraramireiko, kuva, ipapo, kuva mupenyu. Kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kugutsikana uye chimiro zvinosiyana zvichienderana nzvimbo rechiito mundima, kwenguva pfupi chimiro, nhamba, mhando kwemashoko.

zvinhu tsika

Maererano nemitemo yomutauro Chirungu inobva vakawanda vaitaura vane bhainda rechiito. Kufunga mubvunzo sezvinoitwa Chirungu shoko "kuva", iwe unofanira pakarepo kurangarira dzinokosha siyana kuti: Munhu wokutanga - ndiri; chechipiri munhu muuzhinji - vari; munhu wechitatu yakazonaka - iri.

Zvakakosha kutevedza hurongwa urongwa yacho mutongo, zvichienderana fomu:

• Kutsigira - wokutanga pasi + shoko "kuva" + ipapo Predicate. Ini ndiri mutyairi (Ndiri mutyairi). Tiri mhuri (Tiri mhuri). Iye ari shamwari (zvakasiyana).
• Negative - pasi + runoenzanirana rechiito kuva +. Handisi mutyairi (Handisi mutyairi). Hatisi mhuri (hatizi mhuri). Iye haasi shamwari (iye haasi shamwari).
• Interrogative 1 - zvavakatemerwa pakutanga rechiito ave + pasi + rechiito + pasi nevamwe mutongo. Ndiri mutyairi? (I mutyairi?) Ko isu mhuri? (Tiri mhuri?) Ko iye shamwari? (Iye ndiye shamwari?).
• Kuparadzanisa nyaya - rine zvikamu zviviri: kutsigira uye interrogative. Mushure grade pfungwa iri akaisa zvakakodzera chimiro rechiito kuva mune interrogative okuti, pfungwa kutsvaka nokusimbisa interlocutor. Ini ndiri mutyairi, havasi ini? (Ndiri mutyairi, handizvo here?) Tiri mhuri, havasi isu? (Tiri mhuri, handizvo here?) Iye ndiye shamwari, handiti iye? (Iye ndiye shamwari, handizvo here?).

Interrogative okuti mune dzimwe pfungwa hazvisi ini, havasi isu, haasi iye rakashandurwa nevanhu mashoko - handizvo? Uyezve, shoko rechiito kuva - muchimiro ndiri kazhinji haana kushandiswa muchikamu ichi, pachinzvimbo kushandisa vari. Zvisinei, mutemo uyu chinoshanda chete pakupera mashoko ari kunaka chimiro. Kana mugove wokutanga, nekusiyana, anoratidza kuramba, akabva ndiri: Handisi mutyairi, ndiri? (Handisi mutyairi, izvi zviri zvechokwadi?).

Kushandiswa chinyorwa

Rechiito kuva mune modal muchimiro shoko rinoshandurwa kuti "kuva." Unogona kuswedera zvakafanana naye - imwe analogue mutauro wokuRussia ishoko "riri." Kana zvakadaro yokugadziridza design, ipapo kushandiswa kwayo hunowedzera zvinonzwisisika. Ini ndiri injiniya - chaizvoizvo, "Ini ndiri injiniya."

In Chirungu, shoko rechiito chinodiwa kusunga mashoko. Nokuti vakasununguka kubva kuvakwa mitsara rechiito kuti zvakafanira kuti siya muchiRussia. Chete pakutanga kudzidzisa, unogona kushandisa shoko "iri." Kana dzakabudirira kurwisa kunzwisisa nyaya, zvose Chirungu shoko "kuva" uye kana zvakakodzera kunyora kana hachina ayo kutsvakwa chimiro, zvinokwanisika kudzivisa mamwe mashoko unobatanidza kana pakushandura mashoko.

marudzi rechiito

Funga kuti iri Chirungu shoko "kuva" zvirevo chinoshanda:

• Boka pazita + adj. - kuva shamwari yacho mutongo; ndiripo (Ndiri akanaka). shamwari yangu anofara (kufara shamwari yangu). The motokari dziri (motokari hombe) hombe.
• rechiito shwashwa chinodiwa mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti, "Ndiani?" kana "Chinyiko?" Yakafanana rinoshandiswa kana zvakakodzera kuzozivisa interlocutor, kupa zita rake, chinzvimbo, chinzvimbo. bhasi wangu Genry (webasa rangu Henry). Ini ndiri baba (Ndini baba). Vabereki vedu vari magweta (vabereki vedu vari magweta).
• Rechiito "kuti" rinoshandiswa kutsanangura kwakabva murume, uyewo kuratidza zera. Vane Chinese (ivo Chinese). Iye anobva kuCanada (iye anobva kuCanada). Ndiri makumi maviri nerimwe (Ndiri maviri nomumwe).
• Chiputu chinodiwa tsananguro nzvimbo zvinhu, nyika, mapuraneti. London iri pachitsuwa Great Britain (London riri pachitsuwa Great Britain). Knifes vari mukicheni (kicheni mapanga). Ndiri pachiteshi chezvitima (Ndiri kuchiteshi).

Akapfupikiswa pamwechete rechiito negation

On the Russian zvivakamutauro mutoro chinoshayikwa shoko "kuva". Chirungu kuva anofanira hazvo kushandiswa. Kubva Kururama kuvakwa vaitaura kunoenderana nenguva wawo. Negative mashoko ari asi PARTICIPLE haana (regai), uye zvikuru akakodzera mhando rechiito pacharo.

Kazhinji nokuti kuverenga akaderedza fomu rechiito kuti, uye kwete inoramba. Saka nokuda okuti ndiye, iye wapera iye, iye ari. The akaipa chimiro rokuti sokunge haazi, iye haasi. Nokuti munhu wokutanga ndiri, kuramba I amn't. Nokuti isu tiri, ivo - tiri, vari, kana hatizi, havana.

Chidimbu rechiito iri munhu wokutanga pamwe amn't negation kunoitika mune dzimwe tumitauro vemunharaunda mutauro Chirungu muUnited States.

In mabhuku ainakidza emutauro Chirungu zvinogona kuwanikwa amn't dzomuzana - haisi kana an't. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa rutapudzo rechiito kuti, kana uchida kutaura maererano negation: kwete Tiri shamwari (kwete Tiri shamwari). Saka zvinoreva "kwete" mashoko dzichabudiswa pachena mundima.

Zvisinei, kuderedza rechiito "kuva" hazvibviri nguva dzose. Form vasina asingagari kuumba pfupi inotevera nyaya, kana kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kugutsikana iri inoparadzirwa kana zviri modal okuti. Kutsigira rutapudzo kubvumirwa chete pachavo zvisazitasingwi. Asi kana kufunga wechitatu munhu yakazonaka munhu zvingaderedzwa, uye vane.

dzakasiyana mashandisiro

In Chirungu "kuva" unogadzurudzirwa zvichienderana nenguva, zuva, uye manzwiro uye ruvara rweganda. Mumakore kushandiswa yaiva / vakanga vari chipo - iri yambotaurwa siyana mune ramangwana - vachadaro. Panguva yokupedzisira, ukuwo, akanga (paakapera apera), vane / yave (parizvino yapera), vachange kunge (Future akapedza). Long chimiro: aiva / vakanga kuva (refu yapfuura), am / ndizvo / vari kuva (parizvino dlielnoe), Kuva (ramangwana refu-refu).

Nokuti nguva Perfect runoramba kushandiswa: Kare - akanga ari, ikozvino - kunge ari, ramangwana - achange kunge ari. Shoko "kuva" rinoshandiswa zvakajeka. Kana uchida kushamwaridzana nyaya nevamwe zvikamu pfungwa, "kuva" anotsiviwa nemamwe mazwi: Ini kuchange kubika ... - I ndakagadzirira ... kune imwe nguva.