Influenza virus

Flu zvino hapana munhu haashamisi zvakare. Isu takashandiswa kwazvo kuti tione chirwere chemapfupa sechando chinowanzoitika.

Zvichakadaro, zvakawanikwa zvisingangodaro - muna 1933, nevanosayendisiti veBritish. Takataura pamusoro pehutu makore matatu gare gare (muna 1936). Izvo zvinetso zvefuruwenza zvakaparadzana naSomorodintsev. Kwapera nguva yakati, zita racho rakapiwa kumatambudziko: "Influenza A virus." Makore mana gare gare, vaAmerica vakawana imwe shanduro - hutachiona B. Nenguva isipi chirwere chepukirini C chakatarisa zvakare.

Aya matatu akarova Matenda aakatora pasi pose pasi rose anouya muna 1889, 1918 (Spaniard) uye 1957 (Asia).

Chirwere chinotapukira chinopararira zvakanyanya kwazvo, chinogona kuchinja kuva denda munguva shoma, zvisingaiti chete mamwe maguta kana nzvimbo, asi kunyange nyika.

Zvisinei, pasinei nehupamhi hwakakura hwokupararira nokukurumidza, hutachiona hwehutachiwana hahuna hukama hwakasimba uye hunofa nyore kana husingawanikidzika (kubvisa zvinogadzirisa zvinodhaka, kupisa). Ihwo hunoshamisa uye panguva imwe chete njodzi yefivha inowanikwa mukusiyana kwayo (kana kuchinja). Apo kamwe vanachiremba vanowana chirwere chinopesana nemhando imwe, imwe inowanikwa kamwechete.

Chimwe chirwere chakakomba chinokonzera kutyisa. Sezvo mutemo, zvinetso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowanikwa mune chirwere chechirwere, pasinei nehutachiona hunogadzirwa nemuviri. Nenzira, kudzivirira kunowedzera kune rudzi rwehutano rwakatamiswa nemuviri (kunyatsotsanangura), naizvozvo hapana chivimbo chokuti mamwe matambudziko haazogoni kuuraya vamwe. Mune mamwe mazwi, kusachengetedzwa kwezvirwere, kwakagadzirwa mushure mehutachiona A, haina simba pamberi pehutachiona B. Hongu, uye inoshanda kwenguva pfupi.

Kuti uwedzere chirwere chacho, hapana chikonzero chekubatana zvakananga: zvakakwana kuti uve pedyo nemutakuri wehutachiona, kunyanya kana ichi chekupedzisira chirikutaura, kupopota, kukwezva.

Influenza virus, inopinda nzira yekufema, inowedzera nokukurumidza, ichiita mhepo inomhanya kuti itange, uye zvino-fever uye chifukidziro, ichiita masimba uye chirwere chetsitsi. Kunyanya kukwirira kwekushisa kunogadziriswa mumazuva ekutanga (kusvika ku 39 degrees, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange yakakwirira). Nguva yefivha inopera mazuva mashanu. Panguva ino zvinorwadza kutarisa, kusviba uye musoro, kurutsa kunogona. Zvose izvi ndezvekuita kwehupfu.

Pamusoro pechimiro ichi uye gadzika pasi, asi rinotitema "kushamisika" mutsva, iyo inotevera-yeve chirwere chepuruvha chirwere, iyo ndiyo inowanzoshambadza A (zvinokonzera kunyanya kukura uye kupararira zvirwere zvinopararira nokukurumidza). Nei chirwere chenguruve? Nei zita iri?

Icho chinotarisa kuti pakutanga pacho chirwere ichi chakakonzerwa chete mumakuru. Kusiyana uye kushamisika "kuchinja" kwakabvumira hutachiona kuti hushandure urongwa hwe antigenic, kuti huve hwakasimba, hunoshanda uye hushandukire nyore kuvanhu.

Zviratidzo zvakafanana kune zvakanyorwa pamusoro apa, asi zvinoratidzwa mune imwe yakasimba (yakasimba) fomu. Kunyange iyi hutachiona ine huwandu hunochinja. Yakawanda pane iyi ndeye H1N1 fenza virus (mukuwedzera, subtypes H3N2, H1N2, H3N1 yakawanikwa).

Ihwo hutachiona hwehutachiona hunopesana nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutachiona hunopesana nawo.

Mutating virus haina kubvumira kufanotaura kushandurwa kwayo, saka hazvibviri kukudziridza chirwere chisati chaitika. Rinoramba richivimba chete nekudzivirira kukuru kwehutano - mararamiro ehutano, kuomesa uye kutora immunomodulating drugs.