Igor Grabar, kuti kupenda "Hoarfrost" - mumwe yakanakisisa Russian nzvimbo kupenda

MuSoviet Union, vose vaiziva kuti Igor Grabar. Painting «The March Snow" zvaizivikanwa kubva mumabhuku. Mutsindo Russian yokudhirowa, inozivikanwa muraramisi uye unyanzvi uri mubayiro nokuda maviri mavhoriyumu monograph pamusoro Ile Repine Stalin Prize, Igor Emmanuilovich aidiwa nevakawanda kuti yakasiyana uye kwazvo yakanaka nharaunda wokuRussia hunhu.

Russian yokudhirowa, vakaberekerwa kumwe

baba vake aiva nhengo yeAustria Parliament, saka ramangwana kwakajeka muimbi wokuRussia hunhu Grabar (mufananidzo "The February azure" - zviri pachena uchapupu) akaberekerwa muBudapest. Akabhabhatidzwa muna muChechi yeOrthodox, uye GODFATHER ake aiva babamunini yakakurumbira Russian Artist Kustodiev, dzakazova nyora akakurumbira asian Igorya Emmanuilovicha. Muna 1880 Olga Grabar anounza mwanakomana wake Russia. High chikoro, akapinda Yegorievsk Ryazan province. Next aiva menduru yegoridhe kudzidziswa muna Moscow Lyceum Tsesarevicha Nikolaya (1889), mano Mutemo St. Petersburg University, vakaipedza muna 1893, uye kusarudza chikuru basa hwake. I. E. Grabar, vane mufananidzo "Balustrade" (1901) akati nezvake se unyanzvi uye yepakutanga vanatenzi, achiva emhizha. Mumazuva oupenyu St. Petersburg, iye vakapinda Studio pakati them Repina, uyo akava chifananidzo chake hwose, pamwe Andrei Rublev. Naye panguva iyo iri Russian Imperial Academy of Arts akadzidza Malyavin, Bilibin, Somov.

achiva

Muna 1895, nyanzvi yokudhirowa akaenda Italy uye muEurope. In Russia Grabar akadzoka muna 1901, uye runako Russian hunhu inozarurirwa pamberi pake ari chiedza chitsva. Nokuda kwayo kuvhunduka Artist akaedza kubudisa mashomanana mifananidzo - "White Winter", "" March Snow ".

"February azure"

Chiitiko chaiva kanivhasi iro muna 1904 akanyora Igor Grabar - ". February nedhaimani" Mufananidzo izere chaiyo nhetembo, mumwe kuti inonzwika mundima ne Boris Pasternak "muna February. Wana ingi uye chemai! Write izvozvo, kupfikura. " Uye Grabar akanyora kupenda ake zvakare nechisimba. Uyu mumwe kupfuura kucherechedzwa mifananidzo, zviri - mumwe wevaya mifananidzo kuti asike munyori rake zita pachake. The Artist zvikuru kwazvo basa iri, izvo chinofananidzira kuine, chando zuva, kunyange Ruwa. Mufaro anozadza mufananidzo, ainzwa zvishomanana mweya remvura.

Iye akapendwa Paaidzidzisa yake the artist Dugino. Uchatamisa uye daro miti iri kuuya, uye guru guru mhepo pamusoro azure denga, Grabar kusarudza pakona sokunge zvishoma pazasi, nokuti iyo akachera mugero iri chando yakadzika, uye akaisamo easel. The Artist akanzwa kuti kana aigona kupfuura runenge chikamu runako kuti anoona, awane kanivhasi kukuru.

Runako kupenda iri rakasiyana. Miti zvaiita kutamba mudenderedzwa dzakapoteredza nechepakati Birch muti kufarira mifananidzo. mufananidzo saizi - 104 masendimita kureba uye 80 masendimita pahupamhi. Zvakanga zvakanaka kuti pakarepo akawana Council of Tretyakov Gallery. Iri basa, uye kusvikira zuva rino rimwe rayo guru ounyanzvi. Zvinogona akawedzera kuti padandemutande iri pakati zana yakanakisisa mifananidzo zvenyika.

Winter, zuva, Birch, chando ...

Imwe Nyanzvi kuti akasika Grabar - "Rime", mufananidzo muna 1905. Kana akanyora izvozvo chete, zvingadai vachiri kugara ndangariro zvizvarwa, uye mumabhuku ari mufananidzo. Uyu ndiwo mumwe zvisingawanzoitiki mifananidzo, iyo haasiyi munhu hanya. It anopemberera runako uye kusiyana yokukosha hunhu Russia uye pacharo rinoratidza guru Russian kupenda.

Most aida richiswedera Grabar yechando, kunyanya chando. Aidavira kuti pamwe kuenda muchando nzvimbo yakawanda atadze. At pamberi miti akafukidzwa nechando, dzinenge nguva dzose, uye zvose mune tichienzanisa ngano: "Vose miti chando, kufanana sirivha, kufanana kunoshamisa ngano zvino muchivanze ..." Uye vose anoziva nhetembo Esenin zvesirivha Birch. All kunaka ichi rwokuzvarwa chakajairika, Kunoitwa dzakawanda kwazvo vadetembi, zvinoratidzwa ichi akasiyana chigadzirwa. Grabar, mufananidzo uri vakazvitsaurira kuna chando chando kupendwa kuti "upenyu Anoshamisa inopenya." Aidavira kuti zvakasikwa pane shoma chaizvo nguva polyphonic sezvo chando kuine zuva, uye vari chaizvo inopfuura. Lighting inoshanduka nguva dzose, ndinosika itsva rakasiyana ruvara zvirongwa.

akadanidzira matavi akafukidza nechando, nedhaimani norwonzi, ikapenya ose mavara ari "denga samaragidhino enamel." On the kanivhasi kukura 122,4 X 160,3 Zvataurwa yakapfuura chizere simba. Ndinofanira kutaura, kuti chando nharaunda I. Grabar - zvomunda Russian unyanzvi, kunyanya "Rime". Winter, kuine zuva, akanaka Birch, chiratidzo Russia uye Russian hunhu, varefu, akasvibirira mashizha, silvered uye zvakafanana yokuridza. matavi awo wakarashirwa chando zvitema, zvitema, nezvishava mimvuri. Belle mufare uye kudada runako rwavo. In basa iri zvose rinoshamisa, iye kunoshamisa uye zvinoshamisa Fafitera. Oil mifananidzo, fractional Kurohwa diki (divisionism) mufananidzo kumanikidzwa kutaura pamusoro munyori sezvo muvambi Russian impressionism. The kanivhasi anochengeterwa Yaroslavl Art Museum.

In Grabar akawanda mifananidzo yakasiyana ne zita iri, uye vose zvakanaka chaizvo, asi basa muna 1905 vari nani kupfuura vamwe. Rekukwazisa chero Birch rinonzi Grabar, chii chete haana enzanisa. Most pachena, kwezvatiri tsanangudzo "remweya muti."

"... Yesenin pebindu, anenge zvebhaibheri ..."

Chimwe mufananidzo wakadhirowewa akasika zvose canons ose Impressionism. Izvi wo "March Snow" muna 1904. Pano, sezvo ari maviri yapfuura mifananidzo, vakarumbidza zvachose vakakunda mweya emhizha chando pasi pezuva. Kwairatidza mimvuri yakapoteredza zvakasikwa, izvo zvinogona pachishandiswa rinoreva zvose zvitema, nezvishava, Lilac. Ounyengeri March Russia akapfuura zvinoshamisa yakarurama: zviri chirimo, asi chando asingadi kunyange kufunga itye. Panguva iyoyowo panyama ndakanzwa shanduko mwaka, pasinei kwechando.

Pamusoro kanivhasi zvinoratidzira wechiduku mukadzi akatakura mvura migomo pamusoro joko. Zvinoita munhuwo mumaruwa nzvimbo - zvivakwa, kare snowless miti, iro atwo nokukurumidza akakurumidza murimi vachikuza chando. Asi protagonist of kanivhasi - chando. Akanga asiri pamabwe, muchando, hakusi akachena chena, asi yakawanda achiri. Ari nechekumberi uri dzakaparadzira chaizvo zvivara. The dandemutande izere runako. Kupenda zvishoma zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro -. Payo masendimita Only 80 62 X anochengeterwa Tretyakov maberere.

Mumwe mugari wenyika rinozivikanwa nzizi nemakomo Russian hunhu yakanaka brushes geniuses akadai Savrasov, Vasiliev, Shishkin, Levitan. Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, vanhu Artist weRussia, rekutanga vemifananidzo Soviet paakavapa ari honorary rokuti "Kukudzwa Artist", akakodzera akaramba ichi nomukurumbira dzino. Very zvakanaka ake pre-echimurenga girl, asi mifananidzo, zvakanyorwa mune Soviet nguva, kwete kuipa. Muimbi rezuva chena chando chando uye mangwanani chitubu, Grabar uye polity idzva akaramba rokupenda kukuru.