Humoral chengetedzo: tsanangudzo, features, mashandiro uye nzira. Humoral chengetedzo rinoitwa achibatsirwa ...

The kunzwisisa maumbirwo womunhu muviri panguva ndiye chakaderedzwa mutengo womunhu shanduka chinja. gadziriro yakadaro nezvevamwe Kufambisa nzira inodiwa. Humoral chengetedzo rinoitwa tichibatsirwa mahormone. Asi huta ndiye Kufambisa zvinhu achibatsirwa chete zita nhego hurongwa.

Chii murau mitambo muviri

Muviri womunhu une chaizvo kunzwisisa chivakwa. Kubva masero kuti nhengo dzawo chiri interconnected Hurongwa, zvakajeka pamutemo mashandiro anofanira kugadzirirwa kwomuzvarirwo oparesheni. Voitakura kunze munzira mbiri. nzira yokutanga ndiyo uchitsanya. Inonzi huta mutemo. Izvi zvokushandisa kwegadziriro chete zita. Pane zvisizvo kuti humoral murau rinoitwa Via tsinga nomunhu. Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro. Humoral mutemo achishandisa mahormone kuti tiite mumuviri zvinwiwa.

Mamiriro Akaita huta murau

ino unotora nechepakati uye peripheral vakaparadzana. Kana humoral mutemo mitambo muviri achishandisa makemikoro, izvi ndiko "chokufambisa mutsetse" unobva muviri pamwe. Izvi kunoitika nokukurumidza zvakakwana. Chimbofungidzira kuti iwe akabata inopisa kana chando shangu kunze chando. muviri wacho ndiye anenge nguva imwe. Zvinokosha unodzivirira kukosha, uye kunoita kwadzakabva uye urarame pasi ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana. Tsinga ndiyo hwaro pakuzvarwa uye pakuwana muviri reatsiya. Chokutanga unconditional hunenge. Izvi zvinosanganisira kufema, yakayamwa, achibwaira. Uye nokufamba kwenguva munhu akaumba vawana mhinduro. Izvi unconditional hunenge.

Zvinoumba humoral murau

Humoral chengetedzo basa rinoitwa nokubatsira unyanzvi masangano. Dzinonzi omumuviri uye ikashandiswa mugomba chete hurongwa, rinonzi kwemakemikari anobudiswa. mitumbi aya inoumbwa rinokosha mhando epithelial zvinyama aigona patsva. Kuitwa hormone ndiyo tichitsungirira uye Rinotora muupenyu hwomunhu.

Ndezvipi mahormone

Mumasero secrete mahormone. Nemhaka chaiyo maumbirwo izvi zvinhu mhanyisa kana normalize siyana vasiri pezvakaitwa mumuviri. Somuenzaniso, muna uropi hwaro pituitary shwanu. Unobereka kukura kemikari somugumisiro iyo yomuviri chinowedzera kukura kweinopfuura makore makumi maviri.

Kenza: peculiarities yechivako chacho uye kushanda

Saka, humoral murau mumuviri pachishandiswa anokosha nhengo - mumasero. Anopa chenguva womukati mamiriro, kana homeostasis. Zvavakaita ari hunhu dzinovaka. Somuenzaniso, rinokosha zvakadaro mufananidzo muviri sezvo ropa shuga pamwero riri nokudzorwa inonzi insulin uye glucagon yokumusoro muganhu - nechepasi. Ndiwo mashandiro chiito pamusoro kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa.

Exocrine mumasero

Humoral mutemo achishandisa mumasero. Zvisinei, zvichienderana STRUCTURAL zviri mitumbi izvi ikashandiswa muzvikwata zvitatu: kunze (exocrine), zvemukati (kwemakemikari anobudiswa) secretion uye zvakasiyana. Mienzaniso boka rokutanga ndivo mate, lacrimal uye zara mafuta. Vari ne yavo nzira yokubudisa mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka. Exocrine mumasero secrete pakugadzira vanoshingaira zvinhu kuti ganda pamusoro kana mumuviri mhango.

Ductless mumasero

Kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero secrete mahormone kupinda ropa. Havana yavo nzira yokubudisa mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka, saka humoral murau rinoitwa nomukombiyuta muviri emura vezvenhau. Kamwe muropa kana node, ivo dzakapararira muviri, vanouya nechitokisi ake ose. A mugumisiro izvi kumhanyisa kana deceleration pamusoro siyana kwendangariro. Izvi zvinogona kuva kukura, pabonde uye mupfungwa kukura, muviri, basa munhu nadzo uye hurongwa.

Hypo- uye hyperfunction of kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero

Mabasa neimwe kwemakemikari anobudiswa shwanu ane "mativi maviri mari." Chimbofunga izvi kongiri mienzaniso. Kana doro mari aburitswa pituitary kukura kemikari iri kukura gigantism, uye kwaiva fuma iyi vakacherechedza dwarfism. Zvino, uye umwe yakatsauka kubva kwomuzvarirwo kukura.

The thyroid shwanu secretes mahormone akawanda. Hazvina thyroxine, triiodothyronine uye calcitonin. With zvavo kukwana mu navacheche kuva cretinism, izvo kunooneka pacharo mu hwepfungwa retardation. Kana hypofunction kunooneka pacharo vakura, zviri pamwe kuzvimba mucosa uye subcutaneous mafuta, kurasikirwa bvudzi, uye nehope. Kana chitsama kemikari shwanu akapfuudza chakaipa chikuva, munhu anogona kutanga Graves 'chirwere. Zvinonzi wakaratidzwa yakawedzera excitability pakati tsinga, maoko nemakumbo nekubvunda, causeless mwoyo. izvi zvose vanotozvikuvadza zvinotungamirira emaciation uye kurasikirwa simba.

Kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero zvinosanganisirawo parathyroid, thymus uye adrenal mumasero. Recent shwanu panguva yaakazosunungurwa kunetseka kemikari adrenaline. Kuvapo Its muropa zvinopa kuunganidza zvose simba uye kukwanisa kuchinja uye vararame mumuviri kuti non-mureza ezvinhu. Chokutanga, chinotaurwa mune tsandanyama ino ichipa anodiwa huwandu simba. Kemikari retroactive zvazviri, rinova aburitswa adrenal omumuviri, rinonzi noradrenaline. Zvinokosha kuti muviri nokuti kunodzivirira kunyanya excitability, kurasikirwa simba, simba, nokukurumidza kusakara. Uyu ndiwo mumwe muenzaniso neizvi zviito kwemakemikari anobudiswa kwevanhu hurongwa.

Mixed shwanu secretion

Izvi zvinosanganisira rwatata uye gonads. basa ravo zviviri. Rwatata unobereka maviri chete mhando dzose mahormone. jekiseni ichi uye glucagon. Ndivo, ukuwo, yakaderera uye kusimudza ropa shuga. Mune utano womunhu, murau uyu anoenda kuzviona. Zvisinei, mutemo uyu dzinoti pane chirwere chakakomba inonzi cheshuga. Vanhu vane ichi chirwere vanofanira kubata jekiseni. Sezvo simbi exocrine rwatata secretes zvomudumbu muto. fuma iri rakabudiswa rokutanga ura duku - the duodenum. Pasi nawo, pane chirongwa kugayiwa kunzwisisa biopolymers kuti nyore. Iri dhipatimendi ichi kwemapurotini uye lipids dzaputswa kupinda zvinoriumba nhengo.

Gonads uyewo secrete zvakasiyana siyana mahormone. Izvi mukono testosterone nomunhukadzi inonzi estrogen. zvinhu izvi vanotanga kuita kunyange embryonic period. Munguva embryo kukura dzepabonde mahormone zvazvinoita paumbwe paburiro, uye pashure achiumba zvimwe zvepabonde unhu. Sezvo exocrine omumuviri, vanoumba gametes. Man, kufanana mhuka dzose, hazvina dioecious muviri. Its dzokubereka nadzo ane zvachose chivakwa chirongwa vakabvuma nokuda gonads, migero yavo uye zvakananga masero. In vakadzi, ovaries ari matsva aiwanzopiwa wokushanda pamwe nzira dzavo, uye mazai. Varume, yokubereka hurongwa ine testes, migero excretory uye-dzisingaoneki masero. Muchiitiko chino, mashoko shwanu chiito sezvo exocrine mumasero.

Huta uye humoral murau zviri pedyo nepedyo. Vanoshanda sezvo rimwe mashandiro. Humoral akura ari mavambo, uye ane nguva refu zvainoita muviri wose unoshanda sezvo mahormone kutakurwa ropa uye zvokudya nechitokisi ose. A huta kushanda dot, panguva imwe nguva uye imwe nzvimbo pamusoro "pano uye zvino". Mushure kuchinja mamiriro ezvinhu chinofanira wakagumiswa.

Saka humoral mutemo vasiri pezvakaitwa achishandisa kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa. Miviri iyi vanokwanisa achisunungura zvinhu svikiro chinowanika chinokosha pakugadzira kushingaira inonzi mahormone.