The kwevari STRUCTURAL sangano puroteni mamorekuru kana mapuroteni mamiriro

Sechivako puroteni Morekuru vari adzidza kwemakore anopfuura makore 200. Iye anozivikanwa mapurotini zhinji. Vamwe vavo vave synthesized (semuenzaniso, jekiseni, RNase). Chinokosha STRUCTURAL uye dzichipfekeka chairema mapuroteni mamorekuru kubva amino acids. Uyezve zviri carboxyl uye amino mapoka uye mapuroteni zvine mamwe dzichipfekeka mapoka, izvo vaone ehupfumi dzavo. Mapoka akadaro zvinosanganisira muNzvimbo lateral branchings mapuroteni Morekuru: carboxy boka aspartic asidhi kana glutamic acid, amino boka lysine kana hydroxylysine, guanidine boka arginine, ari imidazole boka histidine, ari hydroxyl boka naSerine uye threonine, rimwe phenol boka tyrosine, ari sulfhydryl boka cysteine, disulfide boka cystine, thioether boka methionine, phenylalanine benzelnoe chinoumba, aliphatic namaketani mumwe amino acids.

Kune zvina kwevari STRUCTURAL sangano puroteni mamorekuru.

The chikuru nemamiriro puroteni. Amino acids ari puroteni Morekuru zvabatanidzwa pamwe chete peptide zvisungo, nokudaro achiumba chikuru chacho. It kunobva Qualitative Kuronga amino acids, nokuwanda uye kutevedzana pakati yeimwe. The chikuru nemamiriro puroteni vanowanzobatwa pakutsvaga Sanger. The bvunzo mapuroteni ikarapwa ane mhinduro ditroftorbenzola (DNP), nokudaro achiumba dinitrophenyl-mapuroteni (mapuroteni-DNP). Naizvozvo DNP-hydrolyzed mapuroteni vakaumba Zvakasara mapuroteni Morekuru uye DNP-amino acid. DNP-amino asidhi iri akapora kubva muvhenganiswa ichi uye kuyerwa hydrolysis. Zvibereko hydrolysis vari amino asidhi uye dinitrobenzene. Zvakasara puroteni Morekuru vakaitei nemashoko zvikamu vatsva DNP sokuvapo yose Morekuru haadimbuki pasi amino acids. Pachishandiswa quantitative kudzidza amino acids dzinoumba chikuru nemamiriro wacho redunhu mapuroteni. Dzinozivikanwa chikuru maumbirwo mapuroteni jekiseni, myoglobin, Chizenga, glucagon uye vamwe vazhinji).

Pakazosvika nzira Edman mapuroteni ari kubatwa phenyl isothiocyanate. Dzimwe nguva achishandisa proteolytic makemikari - trypsin, pepsin, chymotrypsin, peptidase, etc.

The mamiriro yechipiri pakati puroteni. masayendisiti American, uchishandisa X-ray pachisara akawana kuti puroteni polypeptide ngetani kazhinji zviri muchimiro Arifa-helices uye dzimwe nguva Beta ezvirevo.

Alpha-akamonyoroka anofananidzwa ne imwe zononoka manera, izvo basa kushanda inosiyana amino asidhi residues. In mamorekuru fibrillar mapuroteni (sirika fibroin) polypeptide cheni ruchatambanudzirwa zvinenge zvachose (Beta-chivako) uye akaronga muchimiro mabhora, Kutsigiswa rehydrogen zvisungo.

Alpha-akamonyoroka inogona kuumbwa nomuzvarirwo ari chakaita zvokugadzirwa polypeptides (dederon, zvinhu zvenaironi), vane samolecular kurema kubva 10 kusvika zviuru 20. Hongu. Pane dzimwe zvikamu Morekuru mapuroteni (jekiseni, Chizenga, RNAse) atanga Arifa helical configuration pamusoro peptide cheni, uye vari aumba helical sechivako imwe mhando.

The tertiary nemamiriro puroteni. zvikamu Spiral of polypeptide ngetani puroteni Morekuru vari muukama siyana izvo kuona tertiary (-dimensional matatu) yakarongeka, chimiro uye Maumbirwe Vhoriyamu puroteni Morekuru. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti tertiary nemamiriro otomatiki uye kunoitika nokuda imwe kudyidzana pamwe amino asidhi residues ari solvent mamorekuru. radicals Saka hydrophobic "wakavhomorwa" kupinda puroteni Morekuru, achiumba mapazi avo yakaoma uye hydrophilic mapoka nezvatinovavarira kurutivi solvent, zvinoita kuti paumbwe zvinoshingaira zvakanaka chairatidza Morekuru. Izvi achabatsirwa paumbwe intramolecular zvisungo. The tertiary nemamiriro puroteni Morekuru transcribed nokuda RNAse, Chizenga, lysozyme mazai huku.

The quaternary nemamiriro puroteni. Izvi mhando nemamiriro puroteni Morekuru kunoitika pamusana Sangano subunits anoverengeka revatema kuva chete Morekuru. Mumwe subunit ane chikuru, chesekondari uye tertiary marongerwo.