Embryo budiriro nguva

Embryo kumwedzi, kunzi embryogenesis, zvinobva remubatanidzwa wenyika nuclei ose navarandakadzi gametes uye rinomiririra muchangosangana rikurumidze. Saka, vaya zvipenyu zvinoodza kwerubwinyo rwakagara rwuripo-Natal kukura, embryogenesis inoguma kuberekwa muna zvinenge norudzi larval pakukura - kusiya embryonic membranes.

Embryo budiriro nguva ine matanho akawanda:

1.Zigota. Panosangana varume pabonde sero, richisvika zai, afunge kukura kwayo. Vanotanga kuitika zvemakemikari omuviri pezvakaitwa kuti inobatsira kuti paumbwe symmetry ari zai, kubviswa membranes nuclei, zvichiguma mbiri muchitokisi nuclei fiyuzi, uye chakaumbwa kuti DNA.

2. Kupwanya (padariro rokutanga Kugadzirwa zygote) - mumwe weboka zygote. In zai riri ichifamba pasi fallopian chubhu,, grooves vari kuumbwa, kwamakadarika pane masero nokupesana. Kuumbwa nenzira iyi masero anonzi Mórula. danho iri kwakaedzwa zvose zvipuka zvine masero akawanda zvinenge kuti bereka pabonde akasiyana chete chirongwa muchitokisi weboka (TOUR, Bilateral, zononoka).

A Zvinoitwa muchitokisi weboka ndechokuti havasi kukura. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuti paumbwe masero chakanyanya (zai) vazhinji masero duku zvishoma cytoplasm pedyo nuclei.

Embryo nguva hazvirevi kuguma pano, funga zvinotevera kukura embryo pechikuva.

3. blastula (inotungamirwa zvipuka zvine masero akawanda hurongwa ari muchimiro brown) - inoumbwa marongera masero kuti dzinonzi embryo. blastula kwemavara anosvika kukura zai, saka panguva sero nekupesana, uwandu nuclei uye DNA inowedzerawo.

4. Gastrulation - danho kufamba masero embryo, zvichiguma nokuumbwa matatu rukoko embryo papepa. Danho iri kunoratidzwa nokuwedzera kwetunhu mapuroteni uye ribosomes, iyi pane protrusion chedanda (vegetative) blastula nechomukati, pakatarisana matanda chokuita, uye ari mhango panobviswa blastula. Izvi zvinoitawo kuti mhango idzva, yainzi blastopore kana muromo chepuraimari.

Saka, munhu anodiwa torque gastrulation mudumbu kukura, kubva embryo nguva Panguva iyi inoita paumbwe nhengo dzacho munyama nenyere enyika.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, paumbwe nyama uye nhengo embryo panguva dzakasiyana nguva dzakasiyana aikanganiswa inokuvadza zvezvakatipoteredza nezvinhu, zvakadai zvirwere, nemwaranzi kana makemikari nevamiririri. Izvi nguva yakawedzera nehanya anonzi dzinonetsa, pane ichiwedzerwa mukana wokuita dzichiri abnormalities.

Somuenzaniso, embryonic nguva iri shoma dzinonetsa pfungwa. Ngationgororei navo zvakadzama:

1. blastula nguva (vhiki mbiri dzokutanga pashure pamuviri) - mudumbu kana ikafa, kana kuramba ichishanduka pasina zvarakasiya. Panguva ino vakawanda anofa tuvana (40%), iro rakatanga kukura kwavo mutated utachiona masero.

2. ramakumi maviri seventieth zuva pashure muchangosangana - nguva munjodzi huru embryo sezvo kutanga dziteyiwe uye kuumba zvose zvinokosha nhengo.

3. fetus nguva kunoratidzwa kukurumidza kukura ari mudumbu. Pano kazhinji pangava kutyorwa kwayo budiriro chete nhengo avo, vasina zvapedza inotungamirwa yavo.

Saka, embryo ontogenesis nguva dzinoratidzwa paumbwe uye kukura embryo kubudikidza muchitokisi nokupesana, inotungamirwa aiva munyama, nhengo uye hurongwa. Utachiona siyana siyana ichi kwenguva, asi chero zvazvingava, inotanga pakunambwa uye rinopera kuzvarwa upenyu hutsva.