Sulphate ions: Kutsunga zviri mumvura uye ivhu

Sulfate ions ndivo munyu wenyika sulfuric asidhi svikiro. Vakawanda yeimwe aya nyore soluble mumvura. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu nezvinhu zviri yakasimba mamiriro, vane chiedza ruvara. Vakawanda sulfate ions vane sedimentary mavambo, zviri zvomumvura uye lacustrine sediments namakemikari.

STRUCTURAL zvinhu

The sekristaro mamiriro anobvumira ane Integrated SO42- anions. Sezvo zvakajairika yeimwe vangazivikanwa divalent simbi sulfates. Somuenzaniso, sulfate ions Nekubatanidza pamwe karusiyamu cations, barium, strontium, zvinoumba insoluble munyu. sediments ava zvicherwa kuti zviripo vakasununguka mamiriro zvakasikwa.

Kuva mumvura

Uyezve, sulfate Ion aumbwa kana munyu dissociation, saka kuti ions dzakadaro huri pemvura. The chikuru tsime yeimwe kwakadaro makemikari dzinotsanagura oxidation ose sulfides nesarufa.

The nouchapupu kwazvo sulphate ions kupinda reservoirs pa kuoma zvipenyu oxidation pano uye hwemvura chirimwa venyama. Uyewo, ivo pachivande drains the.

The wandei sulfate Ion zvakapararira munzvimbo maindasitiri uye zvokurima effluents.

Dzinoratidzwa pasi-mineralized mvura SO42- ions. Pane kutsigira siyana yeimwe akadaro, izvo chokwadi kukanganisa salinity mvura yokunwa. Somuenzaniso, magnesium sulfate chinhu insoluble remubatanidzwa rinoungana mumvura.

The kukosha nesarufa kutenderera

Kana isu nyatsoongorora sulfate Ion mvura, zvinokosha kuona kukosha kwenguva yakazara kutenderera ari hunhu sarufa ayo yeimwe. Nokuda nezvaizoitwa sulfate-kuderedza utachiona, pasina kuwana mhepo okisijeni, ndiyo rutapudzo wayo rehydrogen sulfide uye sulfides. Nokuda pamberi okisijeni muvhu mvura rinoitwa kuramba kutendeuka izvi zvinhu kupinda sulphates.

Pasi zvinoitwa sulphate-kuderedza utachiona pasina okisijeni vari airarama sulphides uye rehydrogen sulphide. Asi panongovira mvura anouya dzinongoitika okisijeni, zvakare oxidized kuti sulfate.

The vasanaiwa nemvura SO42- Ion wevasungwa uri MG 10 paminiti cubic decimetre. Nokuti Freshwater mufananidzo uyu pamusoro 50 MG muzana dm they ^3. Pachivande mabhuku quantitative sulfate zviri substantially yepamusoro.

Kuti mvura runozivisa ukama pakati nguva yegore uye chikamu sulfuric asidhi ions. Uyewo, quantitative nechiyero zvakunoita mabasa evanhu, achidzikisa uye oxidizing pezvakaitwa kuitika zvakasikwa.

Mugumisiro mvura yepamusoro

Sulfates kuchikosha kukanganisa kwemvura yokunwa. wevasungwa avo dzikawanda kwakakanganisa kunokanganisa organoleptic unhu. Water anova vava kuravidza, wakawedzera turbidity kwayo. Yakakwirira kwevari anions izvi kwakakanganisa kunokanganisa vasiri pezvakaitwa ari mumuviri womunhu. Vari havaratidzi wefodya unopinda muropa kubva ura. At dzakakwirira kuwanda kwavo chokubudisa laxative Chaizvoizvo, kuvhiringidza zvomudumbu kwendangariro.

It akakwanisa kumisa inokanganisa pakati sulfates pamusoro vhudzi, muchishungurudza ari mucous Kamudzira kwemaziso uye ganda. Nokuda ngozi dzinomirira nokuda kwevanhu muviri, zvakakosha kuona sulfate ions, kutora nenguva matanho kuderedza uwandu hwavo mumvura yokunwa. Maererano nezvinodiwa havafaniri kupfuudza 500 MG muzana cubic decimetre.

Kunyanya kutsunga anions mumvura

Murabhoritari zvidzidzo kunobva Qualitative maitiro kuti sulfate Ion pamwe Trilon B. Titration rinoitwa maererano GOST 31940-12 yakatarwa kuti SO42-. Nokuti Murabhoritari kuedza, zvirimo chokuita kuziva sulfate anions mumvura yokunwa uye tsvina mvura, gadzirira mhinduro kubva barium chloride pane akafanorongerwa wevasungwa (0.025 mol, paminiti dm they ^3). Uyezve, ongororo zvinoda zvingaitwa: magnesium munyu, Ammonium buffer, Trilon B, sirivha nitrate, chakarurama eryochrom T mutema.

The algorithm iri kuongorora

Laboratory anoshandisa conical chinu ane inokwana Rine mamiririta vanenge 250. Zvinonzi chinoitirwa pipetting 10 ml imwe magnesium munyu. Uyezve, vakaongorora chinu Wakawedzerwa 90 ml kwakadonhera mvura, 5 ml amoniya buffer mhinduro, kuti madonhwe nechiidzo shoma, titration rinoitwa kushandisa mhinduro kuna EDTA disodium munyu. The kwacho rinoitwa kusvikira pane kuchinja ruvara rwebhuruu red nomutsvuku.

Next, huwandu EDTA disodium munyu, iyo inodiwa kuti titration. Kuti vawane yakavimbika zvabuda, zviri chinodiwa kudzokorora nzira 3-4 nguva. Uchishandisa kururamiswa coefficient, dzemaitirwe rinoitwa quantitative zviri sulfate anions.

Zvinoumba kugadzirira ivhu vakaongorora ne titration

Chinozoiswa ne mawa kuongorora ivhu maviri vane bhuku 100 ml. Zvakakodzera kutora conical chinu, akaverenga paavhareji Rine mamiririta 250. In nomumwe wavo anopa murabhoritari 100 ml ari kuongorora mharidzo. Ivo mberi akawedzera 2-3 samadonhwe kuramba hydrochloric acid, 25 ml barium chloride, akaisa chinu ari waterbath. Heating akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze kwemaminitsi 10, ipapo vakaongorora muenzaniso anofanira kusiya kwemaminitsi 60.

Zvadaro, mumwe mupise ivhu kuitira kuti Sefa haana precipitate barium sulfate. The Sefa wakagezeswa pamwe kwakadonhera mvura, mushonga wacho achiongorora zvichikonzerwa nokusavapo chloride ions. Kuti vaite izvi nguva nenguva Qualitative maitiro nesirivha nitrate mhinduro. Kana ukaona munhu maumi, inoratidza kuvapo chloride.

The Sefa iri ipapo akaisa nedende, umo deposition chaiitirwa. Pashure kuwedzera 5 ml amoniya kututuma zviri chinu ane regirazi petsvimbo, Sefa zvinopindura, anombotwasanudza pamwe pasi. Per 5 MG kuti anoongororwa ions vari kuwedzera mvura 6 Rine mamiririta disodium EDTA. The mukati vakanga neshungu ari kugeza nemvura, ipapo neshungu pamusoro hotplate kusvikira wakakwana pokufa precipitate, yakanga iri mumvura pamwechete firita.

The kudziyisa nguva haafaniri kupfuudza maminitsi mashanu. Kuvandudza ari kuongorora zvakafanira nguva nenguva kukuchidzira zviri chinu aine girazi netsvimbo.

Mushure kutonhora, mharidzo uchidururwa kwachiri 50 ml kwakadonhera mvura, 5 ml amoniya buffer mhinduro, kuti madonhwe ari chinoratidza mhinduro doro shoma. Uyezve, titration rinoitwa pamwe zvakawandisa disodium edetate sulfate kana magnesium chloride kusvikira kugadzikana dzepepuru Hue.

mhedziso

Sodium-, potassium-, sulfate ions anogadzirwa tsvina mvura kwete bedzi nemhaka siyana dzinongoitika pezvakaitwa asiwo somugumisiro mabasa evanhu. Kuti mvura inodyiwa, regai kwakakanganisa nezvainoita zvipenyu, zvakakodzera kuti kuongorora quantitative kugutsikana mairi akasiyana-siyana anions uye cations.

Somuenzaniso, panguva titration ivhu Trilon B inogona kuitwa quantitative Masvomhu zviri tigutsikane iri mimwe sulfate anions, kutora kongiri matanho ekudzivirira chakarurama ichi (kana zvakakodzera). Mazuva Analytical mumarabhoritari uyewo kuitwa kuziva ivhu vari kunwa mvura weheavy metal cations, anions pamusoro kuiisa chlorine, phosphates, pathogenic tusingaoneki vane zvinopfuura zvinobvumidzwa kuwanda Migumisiro pamusoro mumuviri nomupfungwa utano.

Maererano migumisiro yakadaro rabhoritari kuedza uye vakawanda zvidzidzo Analytical mishonga vanogumisa suitability mvura rinodyiwa, kana kudiwa zvakare ayo yokunatsa, kushandiswa chaiwo mupise gadziriro, inobva makemikari mvura yokunatsa.