How kuona kukura nhetembo? All nyaya iri shoko mupfungwa!

Eugene Onegin ari eponymous itsva ne Pushkin "... vaisagona iambe kubva trochaic ... kusiyanisa." Pamwe, zvakaoma chaizvo? Kashoma. Just Pushkin kwakaita gamba haripinduri mubvunzo kuziva sei kukura nhetembo. Uye kana iwe kunzwisisa zvakavanzika versification, kuzivikanwa siyana enhetembo mutinhimira zvinova zvinofadza ruzivo uye kuchaita zvakadzama nzwisiso chakavanzika enhetembo labyrinths. Zviya, "Eugene Onegin" itsva mundima akanyorwa iambe tetrameter, apo munhu simba anosimbisa upenyu-matauriro.

How kuona kukura pakati nhetembo?

Chokutanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti hukuru vari monosyllabic, zviviri, mashanu, four-, uye kunyange zvakawanda pentasyllabic. Chii chinombodiwa kuvimba? To nemazvo kuona kukura zvakanyorwa kuti nhetembo, zvinokosha kunzwisisa zviri mujinga nhetembo. Saka tinoti boka mabhii, apo munhu mupfungwa. Saka, chinhu chokutanga kuita kupenda Huchidetemba mutsetse Anomira isa madudziro emazwi. Zvino zvakafanira kuti Waitara akasimbisa mabhii.

binary mamita

1. Kana shoko rine mabhii maviri uye wokutanga vavo kushushikana mupfungwa, isu zvino tine - ferrets. Kunyora size, masayendisiti kubuda mufananidzo schematic. Somuenzaniso, pano ndiko: __ ∩, pano tiri kunyora akasimbisa mabhii chiratidzo ∩, uye unstressed - chiratidzo __. Khorey anotarisa kuti nzira: ∩ __. "Winter Evening" kukura ichi zvakanyorwa akakurumbira munhetembo Aleksandra Pushkina. Kana tinonyora mutsara mumwe schematic ane lyrical basa yokutanga, zvikazooneka: ∩ __ / ∩ __ / ∩ __ / ∩_.
2. In iambics, Ukuwo, kunetseka weveta rechipiri mabhii pamakumbo rinoumbwa mabhii maviri. Nhoroondo achava vakadaro: __ ∩. kukura Izvi zvakanyorwa nhetembo Konstantin Batiushkov "shasha My." The mutsetse wokutanga achaita schematically seizvi: __ ∩ / __ ∩ / __ ∩ / __ ∩. Izvi ndicho binary mamita. Uye isu, kusafanana Onegin, zvino achakwanisa kuvaudza voga.

ternary mamita

Uye sei kuona kukura nhetembo, kana trisyllabic? mazita avo, uyewo yapfuura vaya, vauya kwatiri kubva mutauro wechiGiriki. Dzinonzi Dactyl, amphibrach uye anapaest. Ternary hukuru vari pamakumbo, rinoumbwa mabhii matatu.

1. The dactyl madudziro emazwi anogara ari wokutanga mabhii achiteverwa maviri unstressed. Izvi ndizvo sei: ∩ __ __. "Makore" kukura Izvi zvakanyorwa nhetembo Mihaila Lermontova. Line anogona kunyorwa se: ∩ __ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩ __ __ / ∩ __ __.
2. Kana mashoko mabhii matatu, madudziro emazwi iri rechipiri (pakati) mabhii, zvino tiri kubata amphibrach. Heino chati: __ ∩__ (rakatumbuka mabhii unstressed, kuvhunduka, vakakatyamadzwa akasununguka). "Rwiyo Vakachenjera Oleg" (Pushkin) akasika amphibrach. Schematically, mutsetse wokutanga zvakanyorwa sezvinotevera: __ ∩__ / __ ∩__ / __ ∩__ / __ ∩__.
3. Kana enhetembo mutsetse inoumbwa mashoko mabhii matatu uye madudziro emazwi chikawira pamusoro wokupedzisira, iwe kutevera pfungwa iyi, kuona kukura zvakanyorwa detembo pasina chinetso - nayo anapaest. Driving: __ __∩. kukura uku akasika detembo Afanasiya Feta «handidi kukuudza chinhu." Sign mumhanyi: __ __∩ / __ __∩ / __ __∩.

chaiwo hukuru

Asi munyika enhetembo mutinhimira une pachake quirks ayo. Somuenzaniso, zvinoitika kuti panzvimbo panofanira kuva madudziro emazwi, hariwanikwi nomusoro saizi. Kana dvustopnom Size (pentameter kana chorea) ndiyo maviri anotevedzana unstressed mabhii, tinoona pyrrhic. Uye kana zvakadaro mubatanidzwa aripo munguva yakawanda trehstopnom (anapaest, amphibrach, dactyl), zvino ndiyo tribrach. Hapana mumwe kana mumwe asingadi kukanganisa mhando size, asi anogona kuvhiringidza ruzivo mune mabhuku. Zvinorevei "vasakanganise"? Izvi zvinoreva kuti iambe pentameter ndiko, uye ferrets - Kumutungamiriri, asi "zvakaoma" pyrrhic. Nokudaro,-mabhii matatu kukura varambe pachavo, asi vari kurasikirwa dzokuAustralia - tribrach. Kana alternation pamusoro akasimbisa uye unstressed mabhii ari rutsoka iri uchaputswa negwara - pane dzokuAustralia maviri panhurikidzwa (apo pfungwa kunofanira unstressed mabhii, zviri kuchiiswa nokuda kuvhunduka), tiri nezvinhu spondee.

Pano, zvichida, zvose kukura zvinoshandiswa versification ano. Ndizvo ukoshi kutaura hexameter, uyo akanyora ngano "rinonzi Iliad" pamusoro Homer, uye dzimwe nguva sezvimwe iyezvino vadetembi. Inoitwa matanhatu tsoka trochaic chero tevera mabhii. Zvakanyorwa se: ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩H (sezvamakaropafadzwa X zvinoratidza zvemasanga mabhii).

Zvinoitika kuti tinofanira Inovhiringidza pamusoro kuziva sei kukura nhetembo, nekuti mumutsetse, tinowana alternation kuti inosiyana. Dactyl alternates pamwe kwaya, uye zvichingodaro. D. Fani iyi inonzi prosody "logaed". Ndaimuda kushandisa Marina Tsvetaeva. Somuenzaniso, mune imwe enhetembo basa "tafura," izvozvo anoshandisa rakatumbuka mufananidzo iambe-pentameter-anapaest.

Sei ini kuziva kuda kuziva sei kukura ndima?

Detembo - haasi chete rhymed mitsetse. Risingaenzaniswi mimwe mashoko avo kushandisa nokuchenjera wokufananidzira nzira, chinokosha chiri tinakidzwe. It zvinoenderana nayo uye ruzha uye kufara kobiri. Kana ferrets unoitisa kunonakidza, zvishoma inoshamisa inzwi, asi iambe nhetembo anopa kunyatsoteerera hurukuro, kusununguka nesimba. Dimensions trisyllabic kufanana kukurukurirana, nowenyika nyaya. Hexameter mitsetse anopa rakaisvonaka chikuru inzwi.

With kukwanisa kuziva wokufananidzira kukura, tinogona kutsanangura chii chakaita chaizvo inofadza mumhanzi enhetembo rounyanzvi.