Grays Hopper: Biography, mupiro sainzi

Yemasvomhu innovator, musayendisiti, uye mukadzi chete uyo akakwanisa kupfuura mukuru mukuru munhoroondo iri US Navy - ichi chaiva Grace Murray Hopper. Brief Biography nayo zvichakurukurwa kufarirwa yako pazasi. Vakadzi vashoma vakakwanisa kugadzira nzira Navy, uye kunyange zvakawanda akakodzera yakadaro inoverengeka chinokudza uye mibayiro. In Hopper ichi zvose zvakaitika. In mudyandigere iye akasiya August 14, 1986 aine makore 79.

Kuwedzera kuita muchiuto mumunda, Hopper akava nomukurumbira uye zvakagadzirwa mumunda kombiyuta indasitiri. Iye akaita uye co-zvisikwa pamwe UNIVAC-1, kutanga munhoroondo ezvokutengeserana zvoga kombiyuta, mumwe creators zviri COBOL zvirongwa mutauro, imwe innovator kukura michina yemhando yepamusoro kombiyuta, uye rava chinoshamisa yemasvomhu.

Meet Grays Hopper

Hopper aiva chaizvo -chinja murume. Somudzidzi Vassarovskogo Arts kukoreji (Vassar kukoreji), apo iye gare gare akadzidzisa masvomhu, Grays Hopper akava tsvimborume. Kwapera nguva, iye akanga atopiwa dhigirii tenzi kubva Yale University uye makore mana gare gare - Doctor pamusoro Philosophy. Uye muna 1943, iye rwunoverengerwa kuti mamiriro kuchengeterwa of Navy. Kwapera gore, iye ari paakavapa mutevedzeri uye vakakokwa kuti zvimwe pamwe paHarvard University, apo iye vakabva akatanga basa iri rokutanga yemagetsi kadambari muchina "Mark-1".

compiler Creator

Uyewo muna 1949, iye muchirongwa kukura uye pakusika kombiyuta pasi zita «UNIVAC-1" iri boka Eckert uye Mauchly. Wokutanga uyo akataura pfungwa kuronga purogiramu anotevedzana sequences varayira, akadana subroutines, aiva Grays Hopper. Mupiro kuti sayenzi kwayo nemufaro. Pamusoro kuti iye akanga achiparidza kukura uye vokutanga munhoroondo compiler chirongwa. Akakwanisa kuwana ari purogiramu dzigare mairi nokusika navo purogiramu akagadzirira-chakaitwa binary ino, izvo zvichaita kunzwisiswa nenzira kombiyuta.

Grays Hopper akaramba kushanda kambani uye pashure riine kwayo kune "Remington Rand" muna 1951 uye "Sperry Rand Corporation" muna 1955.

Gore rakatevera, pasi hutungamiri wake, kuti dhipatimendi akabudiswa zvebhizimisi chirongwa chokutanga, kuti anyore - Kuyerera-Matic.

Kwapera nguva yakati anosarudza kusiya basa, asi muna rakatevera basa gore anoyeuchidza zvakare pachake. Gray Unodzokera kuti fananidza kuti Navy mutauro kombiyuta zvirongwa.

Akanga aenda kune zvakakodzera oga 1986, akasara simba mukuru muna Navy. Grace akafa January 1, 1992 mu Arlington, Virginia.

Vadzidzisi vari vafambisi

Mukadzi mungarava - kuti dambudziko. Saka anoti inozivikanwa tsumo, asi yakakurumbira Grays Hopper akakwanisa kuramba pfungwa iyi. Iye akatendeuka uye vanokodzera kuziva mamwe masoja avo Navy, uye kuwana musoro US Navy refutenendi.

chido chake kuti vanotsika mungarava Grace kutsanangurwa yedzinza. sekuru wake aiva Rear Admiral pakati zvikepe, uye kuti vashande muchiuto nokuda kwake raiva chinhu kuongwa.

The kuedza kutanga kumedura kupinda pabasa ikava kukundikana. Nokuda raidudzwa mutete uye zera, uye Grace aiva atova nemakore 37 okuberekwa, iye chakarambwa. Asi tsika pakupa pana Hopper haana kuchengetwa, uye kechipiri richiri akatora zvikepe nokutuma mumwe pre-vakadzidzira chikoro warandi. kosi iyi rapera ne "kugonesesa", zvakaitika kuti zvakanakisisa kudzidza muzvikoro.

Mukati masvingo Harvard

Munguva yehondo, hondo yakanga zvakaipa vanoda kubudirira matsva. Asi kunzwisisa kwakaita Masvomhu kupindira musayendisiti pakuziva pfungwa. Zvaindirwadza chaizvo uye richikunetesa mutoo kuti zvinotora nguva yakawanda nesimba. Zvadaro chete aiva pfungwa pakusika zvoga zvemagetsi makombiyuta, vaiva madzitateguru makombiyuta vanhasi zvakananga.

Harvard University rava dambiro romukondombera pokumuka zvirongwa chigamuchirwe nezvawo. Zvakanga pano, pasi pokudzora Howard Aiken, uye pamwe chete IBM kunyatsobudirira vomuzana nokusingaperi US kombiyuta iri pasi zita "Mark 1", iyo inenge yashandiswa mari yakawanda. muchina uyu anokwanisa kuita panguva iyoyowo achiwedzera zvikwata zvitatu kana Tikabvisa yechipiri. mugumisiro iyi zvakarurama vaiona wakakodzera nguva. "Mark-1" Pakarepo chikatsiviwa refu uye okunyatsoshanda kuti anopfuura makumi maviri dzaishandisa kuti aigona chokwadi kukanganisa unongotaura.

Work paHarvard kutsamwa Grays Hopper. Ndinoisa pamapfudzi ake basa guru, nokuti uhwu uye timeliness yaipfuurira zviitiko zvaitsamira nyika ramangwana. Yakanga isingori nyanzvi kukura makombiyuta, uye innovator mumunda mashoko michina.

Upenyu "mugari"

1946 zvakava pakachinja Hopper. Nokuda zera iye hwakatamisirwa utungamiriri muna Navy Reserve uye anongoda wakakomberedzwa basa rechiuto, nokuti iro hazvina vakatsvaka kwenguva yakareba. Yaiva kuvhunduka chaiyo Grace uye kwete nzira yakanakisisa kwakakanganisa mupfungwa utano. Hopper akaedza kuwana rugare doro, nokuti raakanga kunyange rave kakawanda wavharirwa nemapurisa nokuti akadhakwa. Asi, iye akakwanisa kutaura bhayibhayi muropa ichi namapoka itsva kutora basa.

mweya Strong womukadzi anokwanisa kudhonza ndiri pamwe chete, pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu, izvi raiva Grays Myurrey Hopper. chikuru kuvamba izvozvo - compiler kukura uye pakusikwa mumwe mukuru zvirongwa mitauro COBOL, anouya chete panguva ino. Mushure zvose, tinoonga makombiyuta vake vemazuva vanokwanisa kunzwisisa multi-pamwero zvirongwa mitauro, mamwe yevanhu pane muchina yekubvuma.

Place munhau

Chokutanga, uyo kushandurwa kombiyuta kubva kombiyuta yakakura kupinda chinhu vanogona kuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana panguva imwe chete, yave iri piyona kombiyuta indasitiri - Grays Hopper. Photos of kombiyuta yekutanga, inova hunoshamisa kukura karukureta, akafamba vakakomberedza mazita okutanga rakapa apo vezvenhau.

Grace akanzwa kuti kombiyuta vanofanira "kuramba kukurukura," kwete vaya uye zeros, uye tichibatsirwa mutauro Chirungu. Akakwanisa kudzivirira pfungwa dzavo kuzorwa, iri truest pfungwa shoko. Aifanira akanyatsosiyana kushandura huripo maonero pamusoro pemhando makombiyuta, yaiva simba kwete vose. Chenjera uye kuongorora pfungwa, ruzivo bhizimisi achapedzisira kubatsira Hopper kuti vatinoshanda yacho yakarurama vabvume.

Mushure ndatomboenda pamudyandigere kubva Grace basa kanopfuura kamwe vaiitawo kombiyuta kukura, somumwe vanoremekedzwa zvikuru unyanzvi vomumusha yesayenzi. Muna 1959 paakabvunzwa kubatsira fananidza zvirongwa mutauro Navy COBOL. Pasinei mupiro chinokosha zvakadaro kumunda noruzivo rwemakombiyuta, Grace haana kumativi pachavo aine denderedzwa rechiedza inobwinya, kufunga kubudirira kwake chete fluke.

Dzokera sezvo mutsvakurudzi

Pashure kokuyerera kwake kubva basa 1966, Grace akagadzwa musoro kutsvakurudza chikwata kugadzirisa chimbi matambudziko mumunda mapurogiramu mitauro. Pasinei achiri muduku, haasisina, Grace pakarepo kuisa kushanda. Akanga akagadzirira kushandisa mazuva nousiku ikoko. Kwakadaro kwakanga ichi mukadzi mukuru - Grays Hopper. Brief Biography okukura kwayo muchiuto munda Haakundikani kufadza. Uye uwandu zvigadzirwa achasiya hapana hanya - akanga asina kuenzana mumunda kwemichina kombiyuta. Pakati boka muchidzidza, iye akaramba achishingaira kuti fananidza COBOL.

Kusiya Basa

Akaoneka muna 1986, ari pachinzvimbo Rear Admiral, kufanana sekuru vake. Kwaari kazhinji vanotsvaka Council chiito vezvikepe uye hustlers munharaunda mapurogiramu mitauro. Mumakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake mavara akatsaurira kuna ngavasununguke, kuti vape payunivhesiti. Iye nyore vakakwanisa tiwane kuvimba rejaya vateereri uye achava chidhori mukutarisana vechidiki. Hopper akashanda kuti abatsire vanhu mune ramangwana, zvakaitika kuti kupenya innovator mumunda wayo uye vakagamuchira dzakawanda mibayiro. Mubayiro chinokosha akagadzirira upenyu hwake, Grace akafunga basa iri Navy.

In mhedziso

It anzi "mai" zvigadzirwa pakombiyuta. January 1, 1992 akasiya ino nyika dzakakundwa anoverengeka mibayiro uye kuzivikanwa kubva kuruzhinji akakurumbira mukadzi mukwasvi - Grays Hopper. Biography wake chaizvo, kunoyemurika. To chinowanzoonekwa sevanhu ive chipangamazano nokuita webasa ari Navy, izvo kudada "Amazing Grace", vachikudza iyo muparadzi USS Hopper ainzi super-Ministry of Energy uye kombiyuta. Nokuti vazhinji, kusvikira nhasi iye chifananidzo uye anoyemurika.