Engines "Cummins" (Cummins): nokurondedzerwa, wongororo uye pikicha nyanzvi

Vatyairi ndatonzwa zvakawanda pamusoro Diesel injini yacho American muchiso Cummins. Engines "Cummins" kare uye akaramba akatasva nemarori uye motokari, zvose mudzimba uye dzimwe vagadziri. Motors aya anenge ne "Mhara", "KAMAZ", pickups Nisssan, mabhazi siyana nezvimwewo. Kunyatsoongorora mugadziri ichi uye zvaro.

Nhoroondo "Cummins"

Kwemakore anopfuura 95, ichi kambani unobereka yepamusoro, mutengo-inoshanda uye vakarongeka michini, "Cummins". Nhasi, muchiso uyu ndiye mumwe bhizimisi vatungamiri.

Ivo nheyo kambani muna 1919 muUnited States, uye zvakawanda zvakananga, muna Indiana. Anogona kunzi vakatanga pakati Clessé Kammisa, aiva wokutanga-zvazvingava makanika. Akanga saka akafuridzirwa nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa Rudolf Diesel, zvegore, akavaka chikwata chake chokutanga. Aiva dzinokwana 6 litres. a. simba, asi akanga chete pakutanga.

Engine kuvarimi

nokukurumidza Motor akava kwakapararira uye akakurumbira pakati varimi veko. Panoperera dzomunyika injini yacho mwaka aigona kudzokera hafu mutengo. Muna 1929, "Cummins" akatanga kubudisa Diesel injini kuti yacht uye zvikepe, uye ipapo vakaenda kugadzirwa Diesel emagetsi. Munguva 30s, Diesel michini, "Cummins" akatanga kuisa pamusoro vakawanda Marori uye limousines kubva Packard.

Nhasi, ari mugadziri anomurwira Diesel zviumbu kubvira 70 kusvika 3500 litres. a. Motors kusimukira siyana emakambani 56, izvo riri pasi pose. kunyika dzinopfuura 160 vanoshandisa chekambani zvigadzirwa mu minda bhizimisi uye mukugadzira siyana.

Key Features

Sezvo boka racho chigadzirwa mutsetse kumusoro, simba ravo zvikuru kubvira 70 kusvika 3500 litres. a. The peculiarity pamusoro Motors izvi ndechokuti mugadziri unyanzvi chete Diesel injini. Nokuda yakamanikana pfungwa anotendeukira kubudirira nemigumisiro yakanaka chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, ari torque vamwe mhando dostegaet 13.000 Numbers.

Pakati injini vanogona kuwana yokutevedzera nedzimwe chaizvo unongotaura. Pakati yakakurumbira kupfuura - 4-humburumbira uye 6-humburumbira mu-mutsetse dzakabatana. Zvisinei, kusiyana-siyana zvinosanganisira uyewo V serin'i womuenzaniso.

Nguva yakakodzera mashoko nokuti Motors mu mavharuvhu dzakawanda panofanira kuva mashandiro, uye camshaft tikachirega. The vharafu mashandiro unoratidzwa muchimiro chaiko vharuvhu uye chigaro. Kuwedzera gasi kuchinjirwa rates, uye kunowedzerawo simba chete humburumbira michina chiratidzo ichi unotora majoko maviri Inlet uye pedza mavharuvhu. Zvichienderana womuenzaniso, kuti camshaft anogona kuiswa zvose pasi uye pamusoro.

The simba zvitengeswa gadziriro pazvikanganiso zvemagetsi jekiseni. Izvi zvinobvumira injini kuti mari zvikuru. The mafuta Hurongwa anoshandisa proprietary filters yaakaita chepamusoro zvemichina uye pombi akaita ngura nemishonga zvinhu vane shoma hydraulic nemishonga. Izvi zvinoita kambani kuva bhizimisi mutungamiri.

Mhuri Cummins ISF

Pari mhuri ISF Diesel injini chinomiririrwa maviri mana humburumbira Diesel Vhoriyamu 2,8 L uye 3.8 l. Wokutanga anoenda kune "Mhara", wechipiri yakaiswa kuti "Vladan". musiyano akadaro ari Vhoriyamu injini zvinoitwa inosiyana. In zvakagadzirwa ichi zvose muzvikamu maximally dzibatane. Mainjiniya vanoshandisa zvakafanana zvikamu zviri zviviri simba zviyero kubudikidza 70%.

2.8-fő injini ine 6 simba Kurongwa. The "Mhara" rinoshandiswa rinenge kupfuura usingashandi vavo. marongero ichi 120 l. a. Kuwedzera kune izvi it shanduro pane yokutevedzera pamwe 131 litres. uye 150 litres. a. Kana torque, zviri pamusoro 360 Numbers pa 1800 RPM. Kana kupa kuti crankshaft chamupidigori kusvika kumhanya uye kugadziridza kuerera, unogona kuwana zvitatu simba Kurongwa.

Engine "Cummins Valdai"

3.8-fő injini anobvumira "Valdai" vane kudiwa yakanaka chaizvo mumusika. Nhasi, muchina uyu inogona nyore ichienzaniswa nedzimwe motokari dzavatorwa. chikwata ichi ane makumi matatu simba Kurongwa. Motokari yacho vakagadzirira panovira pa 154 litres. a. Not kupfuura simba, asi kwakakwanira muchina yakadaro.

Kana unoziva mutsara Diesel injini yacho mugadziri, kuti 3.8-fő injini yayo chaiyo akaitwa chinhu chakafanana fő injini. The hadzisisina nepokuongorora kukandira yedare humburumbira nechigumbuso pasina liner. Pane zvakajairika nechimwe humburumbira musoro chinoitwa zvakafanana chakakandirwa dare chinyakare mana vharuvhu turbocharger. Uyewo, mumuchina akashongedzerwa ane mafuta maitiro Common Rail.

mafuta kunwa

vatyairi vaya akashandisa "Valdai" pamwe Minsk Motor nechivimbo vanoti "Cummins" isingadyi mari yakawanda. Avhareji kuyerera mwero ndiko sezvakarayirwa 14-17 litres / 100 km.

Engine pamusoro "Mhara Cummins"

On the "Mhara" akasimbisa Chinese "Cummins". Ngatitorei pedyo navo. simba iri chikwata ndiyo 120 litres. a. aine torque kuti 297 Shona.

injini waivako kunopfuura rakanaka mumhuri vatyairi. Zvinenge chete nenhamba maimbova panguva peturu injini pamwe GAZ-53. Asi mano asina matani 1.5, uye zvakawanda 4.

YeAustria Motors, izvo zvakapedzwa pamberi motokari yekudyidzana kurasikirwa "Cummins". Kunyange simba ZMZ-405 anorasikirwa Diesel torque. Ndiwo hwaro zvose, saka akanakisisa rinomutsa ari kumhanyisa, nyore kutamira kure motokari monica.

Location of injini mu "Mhara"

Engine "Cummins" 2,8, iro riri pasi Hood mumotokari. Maererano geometric unhu anogona kuenzaniswa ZMZ-402. The chikwata chakagadzirirwa sechipo zvakasikwa injini, vasina kuda chero muenzaniso. Akashandura panze zvikuru chiine zvakakunakira.

Kumusoro ane Vacuum pombi. Water pombi iri parutivi humburumbira chinhu chinogumbura. Mukuwedzera, pombi unobatanidzwa mune rimwe chairema namafuta pombi. The mafuta pombi zvachose kufanana muna Vaz-2108. pombi iyi, vakapiwa saizi yayo, rakaisvonaka unongotaura. Drive nokuti mvura pombi iri ribbed bhandi, izvo zvinobatsirawo kuti kutyaira feni.

Features

Engine pamusoro "Mhara Cummins 'yakasiyana camshaft ari anovhara, uyewo nguva chete-mutsara cheni. In redunhu ichi pacharo riri flywheel. Mainjiniya waita izvi kuitira kudzivisa zvakawandisa ruzha. Zvaaishandisa ane zvaitika cheni tensioner. About basa ravo, unogona kukanganwa, saka havana zvakavimbika. Cylinder musoro gasket - hwakarongwa, havana kunodiwa simbi machira, saka kuti basa rinokosha.

Pane inonakidza rutivi. Sezvineiwo, chinotsva pombi actuator hakuna actuated pedyo cheni, uye achishandisa yoga giya pamusoro crankshaft. Saka, mainjiniya kunge optimized "Cummins" injini. The midziyo saizvozvi vakafunga, kubvisa zvisingakoshi basa redunhu.

The Injini anogona kushanda latitudes edu, akashongedzerwa pamwe nenharo pamusoro nyore pokutangira. Ari kudya kuzhinji anogona kuona magetsi coils. Chinotsva filters tiri vakapakata kudziyisa.

Maintenance uye kugadzira

Manufacturers vanokurudzira kuti nguva dzose kushumira chikuru nodes, kushandura lubricating fluid tarisa kushanda yemagetsi zvikamu, kutsiva mafuta filters dzose. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kuchinja injini pamusoro pasipoti. Ipapo haangakusii uye havazofaniri vaigadzire. Maererano ake pasipoti basa zvikamu yakakura zvakakwana. Kwainoda vatakuri.

Kana injini iri dzakabvarurwa, usati yokugadzirisa michini, "Cummins", icho chinhu chinodiwa kuti tiite zvemagetsi kuongorora chirwere. chikwata ichi ari vakapakata wemagetsi ezvinhu, ndiwo kukanganisa remitemo richazvibudisa pachena kuti chikwata mhando ndiyo dzakabvarurwa.

Reviews varidzi

Varidzi "Valdai" ISF 3.8 kutenda kuti motokari yakanga inoshanda chaizvo. Kunze mari Diesel Unit, mutengo zvakare yakaderera zvikuru kushanda. Izvi zvose pamwe basa upenyu refu chikwata zvinoriumba.

Asi kwete kuti ndicho zvose kuti achifarira motokari varidzi kutyaira "Cummins". Reviews vanoti zviri zvachose dzichikunetsa-isina chikwata. With nenguva basa zvachose havakanganisi. Machine fekitari kunyange panguva kugomba ravakafa, uye hwakanyanya tembiricha. Mafuta kunwa mukati 11 l. Chokwadi, zvinhu zviduku zvaitika, asi chakakomba kukuvara yaiitwa.

vatyairi Engine kufara. Vazhinji wakasimwa nemhara vane motokari. Nokuti injini, iyo inogadzirwa China, ichi ndicho kukwirira mikana. The ronda nyore, kana uchinzwisisa chairema Diesel michini, kupfuura mwero kukuvadzwa anogona kuporesa yayo asina kushanyira pamutemo basa nzvimbo. Kuti kazhinji asingaiti kugadzira injini "Cummins", akaongororazve vatyairi vari zano kuita kuchinja dzose mafuta uye consumables.

Vatyairi vakawanda vanotsutsumwa pamusoro soro nenhanho ruzha kubva ichi Diesel injini, kunyanya kana kare akaenda peturu dzakabatana. Hongu, ruzha achiri zvaioneka pairi, kunyanya pasi Hood, uye kunyange turbine iri. Vazhinji vanotsutsumwa kuti motokari zvechokwadi kupisa muchirimo. Mumwe akanyora kuti zvishoma kushayikwa simba. The chikwata hachisi akakodzera vaya vanoda nokukurumidza. Nokushingaira Inowedzera motokari pa 2000 RPM. pamwe turbine.

Mari Motors

Vaya vakasarudza kutenga injini, "Cummins" - mutengo anenge 500 000. Nokuti mutengo ichi unogona kutenga 2,8 fő injini mu "Mhara." "Cummins Valdai" achida mari 625 zviuru rubles. Chokwadi, zviri inodhura kwazvo. Asi pane imwe nzira. Over 150 zviuru rubles, unogona kutenga zvakakwana kutoitwa simba chikwata kumhanyira pamusoro "Mhara." Uyu mutengo mukuru nokuda Chinese injini. Chii inonakidza zvikuru, upenyu hwayo yakakura chaizvo, vanenge 500 zviuru makiromita. Nokuti mutengo uyu chaizvo chisarudzo chakanaka. Uye mafuta kunwa idukusa ari analoginen mhando UMZ uye ZMZ.

Saka, isu afunga inova injini 'Cummins' wongororo mumota varidzi, mutengo uye nokurondedzerwa.