Dzhim Klark - racer "Formula 1". Biography, kubudirira mumutambo

Iye - yezvechitendero kuti Mujaho. A mutongi sezvo nokukurumidza uye tikachirega. Iye - muduku mudziviriri "Formula 1", uyewo vakawanda mukundi. Uye chete murume akashinga. Iye - James (Jim) Clark!

udiki

Akazvarwa ramangwana nyika shasha mu mugwagwa Mujaho muna March 1936, ari mumusha muduku Kilmani (Scotland). Vabereki James - shoroma varimi avo vakapedza nguva yakawanda kubasa uye vainadzo. Kubva achiri muduku, Jim yakataurwa kuva mutevedzeri uye mutsivi yababa vake. Pakati pavana vatanhatu iye Clarkes munhu aiva mukomana akanga kodzero mwanakomana mberi basa mubereki uye vatarisire purazi.

Asi mwana asingadi nechomumwoyo mukana kurarama akagadzikana upenyu uye panosvika vaita kurima uye mhuka minda.

It kurerwa wokuScotland nemasango, nemavhinga, kubvira paucheche kufema mhepo inotonhorera rusununguko, nguva dzose kufarira zvemitambo motokari uye mukuru-nokukurumidza mabhiza.

Kujairirana mutambo

Ndava nemakore gumi, Jimmy anoenda kuchikoro repamusoro iri Edinburgh - guta guru wokuScotland umambo. Ikoko unowira anoda mutambo - iri nguva dzose mubasa cricket uye Hockey. Kutamba sechikwata kunomubatsira kukudziridza kuzvidzora uye mweya pamwe, simba uye kusatya.

Pano Dzhim Klark akasangana car Mujaho. Iye nechido anounganidza manotsi kubva periodicals zvakanakisisa vatyairi uye uchitsanya motokari.

Yokutanga matanho kurutivi chinangwa yemitambo

Kuchikoro, Jimmy AKAMBOMIRA zvishoma. Vabereki vakasarudza kuti mukomana unofanira ajairire papurazi upenyu, akarikunda kumba. Kubvira ipapo, wechiduku Clark akarwara kushanda nababa vake, kudzidza dzi uye outs okurima kutengeserana.

Zvisinei, kufara pacharo zvemitambo, uye nemotokari nokudzinga kutsanya hakusi nyore kukanganwa. Jim ari kushanda papurazi, asi hope pachivande vakunde Mujaho Olympus. Zviya, kushanda papurazi uye kuitawo marudzi Clark akakwanisa nokubatanidza mamwe mazuva angu!

By chinangwa chacho mukomana anoenda nezvishoma. First sveverera dzingirira motokari yemhuri, ipapo anowana rezinesi rokutyaira. Kwose kwose, kunyange musango iri tarakita, wechiduku James vanorota mukuru-nokukurumidza kutyaira uye vakabudirira kukunda.

For Jimmy akamutsa mari kutenga "Talbot" yake yokutanga, iyo ari kuita dziite duku, uye zvimwe mukuru-nokukurumidza makwikwi.

nguva yose iyi vabereki mukomana vake yaitipikisa zvinhu ake nokukurumidza uye vakaedza kunyengera mwanakomana wake, audza vose zvakanakira papurazi upenyu. Zvisinei, kunyengetedza uye nokunyengera aita jaya zvishoma. Akaona chinangwa uye rinopikisa akaenda kwaari.

kukunda rokutanga

Victory kutevera mumwe, uye vanoda kuti nezvemarudzi Jimmie inobatanawo German car-Mujaho chikwata, Porsche. Kwapera gore, dzaakanyora mumwe chikwata German akatora vanoremekedzwa nzvimbo chegumi munhangemutange "24 Hours pamusoro Le Mans." mumakwikwi ichi, vakabata nguva kubva muna 1923 pedyo neguta reFrance Le Mans, chikwata macheki raisanganisira zvikuru pamusoro nokukurumidza asi kutsungirira uye kunyatsoshanda.

Vechikamu pamusoro makwikwi zvakafanira kutsvaka pakati pasi pakati kumhanya uye rakavimbika motokari, izvo zvinofanira kuomerera maawa makumi maviri nemana mumugwagwa pasina michina breakdowns uye kukuvadza, uyewo kudiwa kuti pfungwa kushandisa consumable zvinhu: huni, akamedura Mapedhi uye matai.

Zvakawanda makwikwi ichi kunobva simba uye unyanzvi mutyairi ane Mujaho motokari, sezvo aifanira kupedza seri vhiri kuti avhareji yemaawa mana panguva, vakamirira kuchinja chikwata-naye unotevera gomba chemabhazi.

The ruzivo chokuzviona Jim munhangemutange "24 Hours pamusoro Le Mans", akava vakasimudzira zvikuru vamwe basa rake rinotanga avtosportsmena.

musangano inokosha

Pashure pokuita nezuva mumakwikwi motokari Le Mans mitambo zvazova chikuru muupenyu mutyairi muduku.

It anokwevera pfungwa vakabudirira British avtokonstruktor Colin Chapman, uyo akavamba kambani yake kuti kugadzirwa Mujaho uye mitambo motokari.

Car "Lotus" - ichi itsva kuvamba Chapman, reworked uye dzakachinjwa mamwe anozivikanwa kunyanya nokuda motokari Mujaho "Formula 1".

Muna 1958 Colin akatanga Mujaho pachake chikwata chake kutora chikamu mune kunozivikanwa rudzi - Team Lotus.

Kuona akatasva Jimmy Chapman ndainakidzwa nenyaya unyanzvi uye ushingi iyi yechiduku ruzivo vatasvi uye akamupa nzvimbo chikwata chake.

For Clarke, akanga kufara mukana ikabuda duku ngetani zviduku zviitiko uye kuratidza unyanzvi hwake panyika.

Kubvira muna 1960, James unogara pachigaro motokari, "Lotus" uye anotanga kuita "Formula 2", uye mwedzi mishoma gare gare - uye "Formula 1".

Dzhim Klark: "Formula 1", kutanga

Zvegore, Jimmy anotora nzvimbo yechitatu iri rechisere ose enyika ushasha Mujaho mukirasi "Formula 1". The makwikwi wakaitwa August 14 chirangaridzo munzira, vakaisa mumigwagwa muguta Porto (Boavista).

mwaka izvi aizivikanwa matambudziko akawanda ari Automotive mutsetse. Chris Bristow kuputswa uye muviri wake zvazvinosarira vamwe nguva avete Mujaho zviuno. Vanoshamisika, Jim akakwanisa yokunzvenga nzvimbo ino rakaipisisa, asi achiri akasvibiswa neropa motokari yake.

Mushure pamakumbo shoma, paiva neimwe rufu inotyisa - akauraya chikwata Officer Clark kuti - Alan Steysi akafa nokuti kuti shiri rakavhuvhuta mariri.

Pasinei rwaityisa kwakapararira munzira, Jimmy akaedza kuita zvose zvandaigona kuti kuhwina, uye hazvina pasina uchitikurudzira Dzhim Klark akatora nzvimbo chegumi.

About nguva ino mutyairi akawana yegoridhe youth nhangemutange uye ndarira ari makwikwi "24 Hours pamusoro Le Mans." Zvisinei, nezuva makwikwi kunokosha kwete vade jaya, iye haasisiri mumakore kuuya kuzotora rutivi mairi.

ekisitenjeni

Mumwaka unotevera, "Formula 1" Dzhim Klark mvumo kutaura zvose Grand Prix makwikwi. The ushasha rakaitirwa kubva May kusvikira regumi October 8 uye yaiva muzvikamu zvisere. WokuScotland mutyairi wendege kaviri vakauya pakagadzirwa nematanda, uye zvinonyatsorehwa Standings panzvimbo rechinomwe.

Pachikuva rechinomwe makwikwi, chegumi September, kana kutaura Italian Grand Prix, panguva breakneck kumhanya Clarke yakabonderana motokari yaiva yakakurumbira Mujaho mutyairi Wolfgang von Trips. Machine akawanda World Champion rocketed skyward akawira vateereri. Von Trips ichiwira kubva kabhini, akafa pakarepo. motokari yake akauraya vanhu gumi.

tsaona ichi chakaipisisa akaita zvinhu zvisingafi mwoyo Jim Clark. Vachingotya nehana, akasiya rudzi, asi kwapera mazuva mashomanana akanga akagadzirira kukwikwidzana kuti hutungamiri US Grand Prix.

yasimuka

Mune ushasha pamusoro 1962 Dzhim Klark vakatamira itsva chakatangwa shamwari yake, Colin Chapman. "Lotus 25" ichiri kunzi mumwe yakanakisisa Mujaho kumotokari munhau. Nechepakati nani "Lotus" Jimmy akapedza nguva uye akanga achigadzirira kuva mutungamiriri, asi hwokugadzira matambudziko kudziviswa. Panguva rechipfumbamwe uye chokupedzisira pavaipfuura yemakwikwi, yakaitirwa South Africa, Dzhim Klark akaburuka pamusoro stratum nokuda mafuta vhinza.

Kunyange zvazvo Jakobho haana kukunda mumwaka ichi, ayo inopenya mheni zvesimba akaratidza kuti nyika kuti - the uchitsanya uye vagara nebasa mutasvi. "Formula 1" awana karata nyeredzi itsva. Uye ichi hwakasimbiswa zvinotevera mwaka, apo Dzhim Klark kubudirira chete mukuru-kuguma pakutanga uye musoro nyika shasha. Raiva kwakajeka kukunda peremptory: Graham Hill akahwina sirivha shure Kumukundi maviri namanomwe muzano!

Mugore iroro inobudirira autopilot anotora nzvimbo yechipiri munhangemutange, "500 makiromita Indianapolis" (rudzi, "Indy 500").

All vakanga vachitarisira mumwaka unotevera wenyika marudzi. Vaifanira kuita Dzhim Klark - zvinoshamisa uye kukuru racer. "Formula 1" kutarisira kukunda itsva yake penya shasha.

Mumwaka 1964 kutungamirira autopilot nechivimbo vakafamba mukukunda, kuhwina matatu Grand Prix, asi muchidimbu kuungana kakawanda kuti michina zvikonzero. Izvi zvakanga zvakamufanira nokuchinja mumotokari zvishoma hwakavimbika uye hunogara - "Lotus 33".

Pasinei nematambudziko aya (somuenzaniso, nezuva rechishanu pavaipfuura rudzi, muUK, Jim akakwanisa kuhwina munhangemutange mavhiri matatu), Clark akatora nzvimbo yechitatu. Kukunda akaenda mumiririri United Kingdom - John Surtees.

chechipiri kupembera

January-February 1965, Jimmy yakawandisa yechando ushasha, apo akatora nzvimbo yokutanga, kuhwina shanu.

Uyezve, zvegore, kugoverana kwake "Formula 1", iye vakanochengeta League musoro muna 1963, kuratidza kwakajeka inonakidza mutambo: vakunde nhanhatu ari Grand Prix, nhanhatu podiums, nhanhatu danda nzvimbo. Double nyika shasha ari makore makumi maviri namapfumbamwe - kwakanga chinhu chokudada uye chinhu kufara!

Pamwe chete World Championships Dzhim Klark akatora chikamu mune imwe rudzi kufarira - "500 makiromita Indianapolis," uyewo kunoita pamwe uchenjeri uye nechido. Nokuti chiitiko ichi, James kunyange akasarudza kubayira kuitawo Monaco Grand Prix.

pashure akunde

Kubvira 1966, muna "Formula 1"-fő matatu injini zvakagadziriswa. By ichi dzoro hatina kugadzirira "Lotus", kana ayo creators. Naizvozvo, Jim akatora chete nzvimbo yechitanhatu iri tafura ushasha wakati yakahwina chete Grand Prix - muUnited States.

Mwaka inotevera, Clarke rakagadzirirwa tamboita. Akava mhoromhokwa kukunda pamusoro Grand Prix Mukuru Britain, Netherlands, United States, uye Mexico, akakunda endarira menduru nokuti kakawanda kuungana kuSouth Africa, Monaco, Germany, France uye Canada.

Zvegore, mutyairi zvakare kutora chikamu mune makwikwi "Indy 500", iro inoremekedzwa nzvimbo yechipiri.

The Zvinosiririsa 1968 akatanga nokuti ngano autopilot kwazvo. Akakunda chete kukundwa of South African Grand Prix (yaiva ake makumi namashanu takunda pamamiriro nyika). Ipapo akatora chikamu mune dzimwe makwikwi, apo iye aitungamirira nzvimbo yokutanga (somuenzaniso, nhangemutange "Formula 2" muBarcelona).

Sezvo asati rinotevera Grand Prix, "Formula 1" kwaingova mishoma, Dzhim Klark anosarudza kushanyira uyewo mamwe makwikwi. Naizvozvo, wechinomwe April, akaenda marudzi, "Formula 2" muGermany.

Dzhim Klark: tsaona

Mukuti Zvinosiririsa zuva pana Hockenheimring James, senguva dzose, akatora rutivi kumhanya mumakwikwi, nechivimbo wakabata handlebars kufarira motokari uye akapotsa hapana Handi kufara kana mwoyo. Yakanga inonaya, motokari, kucheka mvura parusvingo uye kusiya refu pfapfaidzo, achifamba ari aimhanya kusvika 250 km / h.

The denderedzwa wechishanu. "Lotus" Jim vaisagona inorwa dzimwe motokari. Racer vanongogara kufamba pazvisviniro gasi uye motokari ... Back zvimwe kwakatungamirira kuruboshwe. Clark akaedza tsinga simba voparadza muchina, asi iye akaramba kuita. At breakneck havukavu motokari slid padivi kurutivi rwenzira rworuboshwe, uye pasina kusangana pamusoro wayo nzira kununura Miganhu uye zvipingamupinyi, nendege miti munzvimbo.

Kubva simba kudhumhana ane muti motokari muputswe zvidimbu. The Injini uye gearbox kunge yakadzikiswa masere metres porusvingo, nechemberi muviri kutora motokari paguva rakarongwa, uye mutasvi, ndichiri nzvimbo yemutekenyi, ndakadaro.

Pashure kwechinguva mumwe standstill mune vadhakwa mutyairi wendege akafa akasvika chiremba. Kumbovhiringwa nezviri Jimmy sveshennoy divi musoro akaita kuti wakaora Kudanidzira: "Achiri mupenyu!".

Chokwadi, mumwe racer huru akanga mupenyu, asi akafa pamusoro pakusvika pachipatara nemhaka inotyisa pamutsipa kutsemuka uye dzinouraya kukuvara mumusoro.

Akanga matatu namaviri ...

Zvinokonzera rufu

Pakutanga, zvakaziviswa kuti Dzhim Klark akatadza kudzora. Paivawo nerunyerekupe kuti akanga achibva neshure rworuboshwe tai - punctured kana deflated. Asi kuti haana tsanangura zvikonzero njodzi yakaipisisa. Chokwadi ndechokuti tine zvekushandisa mhosva, ane ruzivo mutasvi nyore aigona kwokunangisa kubva kuitika matambudziko uye kumisa misikanzwa motokari. Uye sezvo hazvina kuitika, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kutsvaka dzimwe tsananguro, "Formula 1" nyeredzi rufu.

Pave paya, pashure penguva yakareba makore makumi matatu, kwakaonekwa kuti chinokonzera rufu Clark akava chakakomba atadze kushanda zvakanaka mumotokari. Ungangove, akaputsa rwemberi kuturika, nokuti chii nhangemutange motokari akarega kuteerera uye kudzora motokari iri nyanzvi mumaoko nyanzvi.

Kuyeuka

On rufu Jimmy achitambudzika zhinji neshamwari dzake muchitoro, uye kunyange vorongerwa, tisingatauri nechido mafeni uye admirers. Vose vakafunga kuti Scot chaizvo chipo mutasvi kukwanisa kukunda vanopfuura mumwe rokuremekedza. We nezvazvo seshamwari yakanaka akavimbika, uye anozvininipisa munhu zindoga munhu.

Zvino nzvimbo Dzhim Klark akaurayiwa, chirangaridzo muchinjikwa yakatarwa.