Viola - chine tambo, iyo ine zvakafanana mudziyo pamwe gitare. Zvisinei, zviri zvishoma refu, zvichiita kuti kuridza yakaderera remazita. Viola hungiso zvirire munzira chaiyo. Ndivo repasi rechishanu gitare, chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello apo yepamusoro pasi. Viola manotsi akanyorwa treble uye Alto kiyi.
Nhoroondo chiitiko
The chishandiso alt vaiona tanga aripo uta. kwayo nguva chiitiko akataura XV-XVI emakore. chokushandisa Iri kutanga kujaira nhasi fomu. Its akasika Antonio Stradivari. The tateguru anonzi Viola Viola nokuda ruoko. chokushandisa ichi rakaitirwa pamafudzi kuruboshwe. Zvinokosha kutaura kuti chinotevera hama - Viola mambo Gamba yakanga vakaramba ibvi ake. zita Italian pamusoro chiridzwa yakaderera ne nguva kuti Viola. Zvazvakadaro, hwaponeswa mumutauro Chirungu. In German, uye zvakafanana Bratsche vamuwanazve. The turusi alt akapayera mu millimeters. Pane zviitiko kubva 350 kusvika 425 mm. Pakusarudza saizi kunoenderana sei refu maoko muiti. Kubva vakawanda gitare Viola mukurusa nzira pedyo Viola, akapiwa kukura uye ruzha. Naizvozvo akazviratidza vakakurumidza mumhanzi, paavhareji inzwi, akabatana nezvimwe zvinopindirana chaizvo. Viola, saka, aiva zambuko pakati kunyangarika chizvarwa viol uye gitare zviridzwa, iyo yakatanga panguva ino.
mutambo midziyo
Viola - chiridzwa rinoda chaizvo nzira. Kutamba nayo rakasiyana nomumwe tinoberekwa violin. Musiyano uri munzira inzwi. The nokutamba chidobi iri shoma nokuda guru kukura uye kudiwa hombe tatamuka wemimwe. The timbre pamusoro Viola - matte, mukobvu, zvishoma rakajeka kana tichienzanisa ine treble, velvety pamusoro rezasi nyaya, rokumusoro - zvakawanda nasal. The kukura chiridzwa nyaya, regai kundosangana murayiro. Kuti anoumba kujairika timbre. Aine kureba kubva 46 kusvika 47 masendimita pakureba mudziyo ane 38 -. 43 masendimita Alto makuru kukura zviri pedyo chekare, zvikurukuru airidza Solo vatambi. Vane maoko simba, uye vakava rwokugadzira. Viola somunhu Solo chaishandiswa nekaupenyu kashoma. The apa iri diki repertoire. Zvisinei, munguva ichangopfuura pakanga zvakanaka zvizhinji Viola vatambi, akadai Yuri Kramarov, Kim Kashkashian, Yuri Bashmet. The chikuru zvezvinotaurwa chiridzwa iri tambo uye chikwata chevaimbi. Pane vakazvitsaurira Viola Solo Zvikamu, uyewo unosvikirwa vhoti. kiibhodhi uyu inodiwa bato kuti tambo quartet. Rinogona kushandiswa siyana mukamuri ensembles. Somuenzaniso, imwe piyano quintet kana tambo nevatatu kana quartet. Violist dzinozivikanwa mwana haana kuwana nayo, uye kuenda mudziyo panguva hwakanyatsorwisa kunonoka zera. Kazhinji, pashure chikoro mumhanzi panguva kubvuma kuti Conservatory kana chikoro. Kakawanda, Kuenda Alto violinists ane nomuviri guru, yakafara vibration uye maoko makuru. Vamwe musicians guru aibatanidza Ezvemutauro maviri. Somuenzaniso, David Oistrach uye Nikkolo Paganini.
musicians Famous
Danho Alto akasarudza Yuriy Abramovich Bashmet. Zvimwewo musicians kuzivikanwa dzakarega kupfuura gamba redu, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, Vladimir Romanovich Bakaleynikova, Rudolf Borisovich Barsha Igor Isaakovich Boguslavsky Vadima Vasilevicha Borisovskogo, Fedor Serafimovicha Druzhinin, Yuri Markovich Kramarova, Tortisa Lionel, Maurice Vieux, Bamba Rysanova, Kim Kashkashyana, Paul Hindemith, Tabea Zimmerman, Dmitriya Vissarionovicha Shebalina, William Mupedzi, Mihaila Benediktovicha Kugelya.
mabasa
Alto huchashandiswa uye chikwata rinonzwika mu "Sinfonia Concertante" by WA Mozart, "Sonata" Niccolo Paganini, uyewo Berlioz, Bartók, Hindemith, William Walton, Edison Denisov, Alfred Schnittke, GF Telemann, A. I. Golovina. The akabatana clavier chinowanzoitwa M. I. Glinki, D. D. Shostakovicha, Brahms, Schumann, Nikolaya Roslavtsa A. Hovanessa. Solo rinogona kunzwika nemabasa Maksa Regera, Moiseya Vaynberga, Ernsta Ksheneka, Sebastian Bach, Paul Hindemith. Pasina gamba redu harina kuitwa kutamba ne Adolphe Adam, "Giselle". Zvinoita uye symphonic detembo kubudikidza Richard Strauss ' "Don Quixote". It asina pasina iye uye Leo Delibes kutamba "Coppelia". Unofanirawo kurangarira dhanzi "The Makropulos Inhau" Janacek. Zvinoita uye kutamba Boris Asafiev "The Tsime Bakhchisarai".
kuti musimboti
Panewo vangasimudzira yakasiyana Viola - munhu chiridzwa mhepo. Inonzi Alto. Tiri kutaura chiridzwa endarira. Nderake mhuri saxhorn. Range - A - akangwara 2. Nokuda featureless uye titadze kurira kwakaita unoshandiswa shoma zvisungo chete nendarira. Ikoko akanga ave mutemo, yamakachengeterwa, izwi rapakati.