Mozart akanga afa uye kupi akavigwa? Biography uye basa Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - mumiririri yakajeka pamusoro dzekare chikoro Viennese. Iye sowakajeka Inoziva siyana marimba siyana nguva yake, iye nevakange yakasiyana uye chisingawanzowaniki tarenda kunzwa improviser. Muchidimbu, mumwe shasha. Uye kumativi upenyu uye rufu shasha Kazhinji zvakawanda makuhwa uye kufungidzira. Munyori akafa pazera remakore makumi matatu nemashanu. rufu rwake vepakutanga aiva nyaya makakatanwa, Yakaumbwa hwaro pabindu mabhuku mabasa. Mozart akafa? Chii chaiva chikonzero chake kufirwa? Uye apo Mozart akavigwa?

Munyori ane Biography inopfuura maviri emakore Vatsvakurudzi vanofarira munyika, akafa muna 1791. Nhoroondo yevanhu nomukurumbira akasarudza kutanga kubva pakuberekwa. Asi Mozart kuti Biography zvakadaro huru kuti chero nguva akakodzera kuteererwa. Nyaya ino achinyanya kutaura sei Mozart akafa. Aripo yokufungidzira. Asi maererano pamutemo shanduro yerufu aiva nechirwere-refu. Asi vasati achipfuura kuti rondedzero okupedzisira Mozart, zvinofanira akapfupikisa Biography ake.

udiki

The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pamusoro Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart? City muuduku kuyaruka ari muimbi mukuru Salzburg. baba Amadeus chaiva violinist. Leopold Mozart akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna vana. Akaita zvose mwanasikana wake uye mwanakomana vakanga vakakodzera dzidzo mimhanzi. Mumhanzi. mano Unique kubvira pazera akaratidza sezvo Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, ane Biography iri munyaya ino, uye Nannerl wake mukoma.

Leopold akatanga kudzidzisa mwanasikana wake kuridza harpsichord asi mangwanani. Wolfgang panguva iyoyo zvachose diki. Asi akatevera zvidzidzo hanzvadzi uye kudzokorora dzimwe ndima mimhanzi. Ipapo Leopold akasarudza kuti mwanakomana wake vanofanira kuva munyori. Wolfgang sezvo ake Nannerl, kwokugara vakatanga mangwanani chaizvo. Vateereri ainakidzwa mhuka geeks.

Adolescence uye kutanga kusikwa

Sezvo 1781 gamba ino vaigara muVienna. Beethoven, Haydn - a chaiwo. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, pamwe vaimbi zvikuru izvi, akasika mabasa hakuzokanganwiki. Svika dzakakwirira vakadaro zvaigoneka kwete chete nokuda chokuziva tarenda, asi kutsungirira, kushanda nesimba.

Manganiko Mozart akafa? Munyori makumi matatu nemashanu chete. Uye nokuti asati afa makore gumi, akagadzirisa muVienna. Munguva iyi pfupi Wolfgang yava hwakabva zvishoma-anozivikanwa muimbi ari mukuru wenziyo.

The imba ndekwaMwari Weber, mumhuri kuti aiva nevanasikana vatatu kuroorwa. Mumwe wavo - remangwana mudzimai Wolfgang, Constance. Mugore iroro, kana kokutanga vakayambuka kuchikumbaridzo imba Weber yaJehovha, akatanga kusika dhanzi "The Mabhande kubva Seraglio." Basa rakanga kunotenderwa Viennese voruzhinji, asi zita Mozart akanga asina uremu mu nziyo yeChina.

kubwinya

Nokukurumidza, Mozart akaroora Konstantsii Veber. Muchato, ukama hwake baba vake zvirwere. Mozart Sr. kusvikira mazuva ake okupedzisira aiva hanzvadzi-noruvengo. Peak Fame Wolfgang ari pakati eighties. Makore mashomanana asati afa, anotanga kuti yakakura yechikoro. Mozarts tamirai muimba hwomutambarakede furati, vanoripira muranda uye uve piyano mari anopenga panguva iyoyo. The muimbi anotanga noushamwari Haydn, uyo kamwe kunyange anopa muunganidzwa mabasa ake.

In February 1785 vateereri dzaitaurwa Piano Concerto muna D muduku. "Sei mukuru Mozart akafira urombo?" - dzimwe nguva unogona kunzwa mubvunzo wakadaro. Chii hwaro maonero matambudziko emari Pianist uye munyori? Zvechokwadi, nepakati eighties Mozart akanga yepamusoro mukurumbira wake. Aiva mumwe vakapfuma muimbi muVienna muna 1787. Makore mana asati afa, akatuma mwanakomana wake kuti sangano rokudzidzisa dzinodhura kwazvo uye nomukurumbira. Uye mugore iroro, kuti Pianist guru akabatana Masonic vachivata. Asi mumakore achangopfuura, mamiriro ezvinhu emari ari wenziyo zvishoma dzakazungunuka. Asi zvakadaro zvakanga kure urombo.

matambudziko emari

Muna 1789, mudzimai Wolfgang kuti kurwara. Akamanikidzwa amutumire kuna Spa uyai kuti akazunungusa mamiriro ake zvemari. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, Constance akaenda kunatsiridza. Panguva iyoyo yakanga rakabudirira, "The Kuroora Figaro." Mozart akatanga kunyora zvidimbu nokuda yemitambo. Akatanga akanyora dhanzi. Zvisinei, mabasa ake okutanga havana kubudirira.

Gore rapera upenyu Mozart rava chakaorera. Akanyora mu G zviduku nezvimwe vakagamuchira pambiru Kapellmeister. Uye, pakupedzisira, ndakatanga kushanda "Requiem". It anoshanda pedyo Mozart akarayira mutorwa anoda kukudza kuyeuka wake.

requiem

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, ane Biography Zvinoshamisa risingakanganwiki, pasinei ake mangwanani rufu, akanyora mabasa vasingaverengeki. Akanga vadzidzi vazhinji, akagamuchira panguva upenyu royalties zvakanaka kubva chinyorwa mabasa ake. Nguva pfupi asati afa, akatanga kusika ichangobva basa rake - "Requiem". Basa saka akakunda naye, kuti haachisiri kuita vadzidzi. Kunze utano yayo pakarepo akatanga kuderera zuva roga roga.

Papera Kuti mashoko sei Mozart akafa, akaudzwa makore, hama, zvapupu guru wenziyo afa. Pakati pavo paiva mwanakomana muimbi. Maererano ndangariro nevadiwa Mozart pakarepo zvokuti ndaifanira kudana chiremba. Uye kwete vamwe, asi zvakanaka muVienna. Zvechokwadi, chiremba yakabatsira muimbi. Zvisinei, kuvandudzika haana kugara kwenguva refu. Mozart akaburuka zvachose nokukurumidza.

Chenjera fivha mapfunde

Maererano netsamba kuna Sofi Veber - hanzvadzi-muimbi - pashure ezvinhu ake pazvairamba, hama dzakasarudza kuti kudana mumwe chiremba. Chikonzero Mozart kuti rufu pamakakatanwa, nekuti zviratidzo dzacho zvokuti kujairika kuti vanachiremba havabvumirwi kubvumirana zvokuongorora.

Mumakore mavhiki, munyori kwakawedzera kunzwa. Akanga achirwara sokusingatsungiririki marwadzo, kunyange kubva muviri wake pamusoro mbatya. Mozart ose zuva simba. Uye kunze, mugariro wake hwakaipa nokuda kukwana nzira zvokurapa. Murwere chaigara ropa: unyanzvi ichi kuchirapa mumazuva iwayo kwainzi nokudenga. Chinokonzera rufu Mozart, zvichida, vangadai yatangwa, kana akagara XXI remakore. Mugore regumi namasere remakore, kurapwa vaiva, kutaura mudukusa, va neudhadha. The rwokuramba shasha rufu akamira: rikwanise fivhiri mapfunde.

The chirwere akatambura apo chikamu Viennese vanogara zvakanaka. How kurapa nayo, vanachiremba handizivi. Uye nekuti umwe wenyanzvi, kushanyira rwounofa, akagumisa kuti hamugoni kuponeswa.

General simba

Upenyu Works of Mozart - nyaya dzakawanda mabhuku, mafirimu uye anonzi. tarenda ake mashoma yakawanikwa pazera duku. Asi kunze yakasiyana nemano, Mozart, zvinopesana uchenjeri kwakajairika, zvinoshamisa kushingaira. Kuti mashoko sei Mozart akafa, nhasi yakati chaizvo. Pane shanduro kuti muimbi mukuru godo Salieri muchetura. Asi vakararama munyori vakafunga zvakasiyana.

Pashure Mozart afa, vamwe vanachiremba vakati akafa kubva kwazvo zvirwere zvinotapukira. The muviri vasingagoni kurwa naro somugumisiro zvavo kwakaderera. A simba panyama Mozart kwakakonzerwa kwemakore akawanda basa pasina yokumbozorora uye zororo.

Kwemakore, vaongorori zviome kuumba nechirwere mumwe muimbi. In yenhau Sofi Veber uye nedzimwe hama kuzvipokanidza zhinji. Zviri ezvinhu aya uye vanowanika vakawanda shanduro rufu Amadeus Mozart. Ngatikurukurei chimwe nechimwe chazvo.

Salieri

Version kuti Mozart akafira mumaoko godo, - rakajairika. Uye kuti akanga hwaro Pushkin kuti nenjodzi. Maererano shanduro iyi, upenyu uye mabasa Mozart akanga akapoteredzwa zvousimbe. Nature akapa muimbi inonzi tarenda zvokuti kuedza haamanikidzwi. Mozart All vakabudirira effortlessly, nyore nyore. Uye Salieri nekusiyana, nokuti ravo zvose havana kukwanisa kusvika uye kusiririsa chikamu chii aigona Mozart.

Basa kunobva Pushkin kuti nhema. Asi vaverengi vazhinji nhasi regai kusiyanisa kufungidzira kubva munyori akasimbisa chokwadi. Heroes Pushkin nharo shasha uye zvakaipa - sawirirana pfungwa. In mabasa munyori Russian anomutsa Mozart Salieri muchetura, nekuti havasi kubvumirana naye. Achitenda kuti kuunza simbe, asi nyanzvi pakuridza munyori zvibayiro unyanzvi.

Kudavira kuti Salieri ari muurayi, anoonekwa kuva mumwe shanduro ndiyewo nekuti pakutanga namapfumbamwe remakore, muna imwe chechi yamabhuku kuwanikwa kureurura yake, umo akareurura uye kutendeuka pamabasa avo. Kusimbisa chokwadi kuti gwaro akamborarama, kwete. Zvisinei, nhasi vakawanda Mozart kuti admirers anogutsikana kuti shasha akamboitirwa shanje "nevamwe".

Constance

Pane imwe shanduro nomuchetura. Vateveri varo vanodavira kuti Mozart akatuma chiedza wake. Uye ini kumubatsira mune ichi mumwe muimbi vadzidzi. Kana uchitenda norunyerekupe, asi kutsamwa kudanana pakati Constance uye Zyusmayra aine tsanangudzo ukama uye zvikuru mupfungwa kuyananiswa. Beloved mukadzi Mozart aiva chinzvimbo chaizvo, kana kwete careerist. Akasagona zvakanaka kutanga pamwe Constance mu nyaya kunobva madota mudzidzisi wake mukuru. Asi chii Zyusmayru aifanira kubvisa Mozart? Izvozvo Makamupa rufu rwake?

Uyezve, shanduro iyi zvishoma anobata tichifunga nezvokuti akachengetedzwa dhayari ake pashure pokufa muimbi. Uye testamendi kuna gobvu kuzvipira uye rudo nezvaiva dzemhuri Mozart.

kupira umhondi

Pakupedzisira, ichangobva Bhaibheri. Kana isu kufungawo avo kuti vanotaura rufu rwechisimba chete, ichi zvichida kupfuura anobata. Sezvambotaurwa, muimbi mukuru aiva Masonic vachivata. Navavaki vanowanzotevedzera kubatsira "hama" dzavo. Asi havana kubatsira Mozart kana akawana kwazvo matambudziko zvemari. Ivo kunyange kuteerera rufu munyori, kwete akadzima sechiratidzo zvokuchema kumusangano waitevera.

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti umhondi akanga Mozart Chinangwa kusika bhokisi. Mune rimwe mabasa ake okupedzisira - "The Magic nenyere" - kushandiswa Masonic zviratidzo. Ratidza chinhu kufanana wakachinyiwa haana kugamuchirwa. Zvichida Mozart akauraya munun'una wake navavaki.

kuviga

About apo akaviga Mozart anozivikanwa. Kumakuva St. Mark. Date wamarinda anoramba dzichipesana. Maererano yepamutemo shanduro - 6 December. Vakawanda vaidavira kuti Mozart akavigwa vakawanda guva aiendeswa varombo. Asi, maererano kare, kuvigwa kwakaitika muboka rechitatu. Yakanga isiri mariro murombo, asi kwete opulent yokuoneka mhemberero huru wenziyo, Pianist uye mudzidzisi. Sezvo kazhinji zvinoitika, kubwinya yechokwadi kuna Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart akauya pashure porufu rwake.