Crimean Peninsula. Map of Crimean kweItari. Nharaunda Crimean kweItari

Inozivikanwa chokwadi ndechokuti Crimean kweItari ane akasiyana ekunze. Crimea, nharaunda iyo anopindura 26.9 zviuru. Km ^2, harisi chete anozivikanwa Sea Black utano dzisina, asiwo utano dzisina Azov. Mvura iyi Continental maviri mumakungwa kugeza Mahombekombe ayo. Mukuwedzera, muCrimea hwakapiwa simba zvinokosha zvinogona kukura unodiridzwa zvokurima: horticulture uye viticulture.

Peninsula ane multilevel ruyamuro. Kuchamhembe uye vari pakati chitonge inowanzorimwa kwenzvimbo, zvinotora ¾ ndima Crimea, kumaodzanyemba zviri unongoshanda anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri matatu kudzika sedimentary Crimean Mountains, achitambanudza 160? Km kureba wonamatidza. South Coast achifara pamwe Spa zvinhu. Saizvozvowo, maererano okunze nzvimbo Crimean kweItari unotora kuzvivaraidza zvitatu:

- kuti akakumbira zvikuru - subtropical (yokumaodzanyemba Crimea) ;

- inowanzorimwa Crimea;

- Mountain Crimea.

Mamiriyoni zvevashanyi zviri vakokwa yezhizha ayo kugamuchira maguta: Simferopol, Sevastopol, Kerch, Feodosia. Izvi - kupfuura guta Peninsula, tsanangudzo pfupi vamwe vavo, ratinoparidza pazasi. Maererano nenhamba, pari kushanyira Peninsula nokuti mwaka mamiriyoni 5-6. Vashanyi. A mugove kana zvishoma? Enzanisa mashoko Turkish plesieroorde ashanyirwa mamiriyoni 31,456. Vashanyi muna 2011. Zvose - mu kwezvivako uye kukwidziridzwa. Sezvaunogona kuona, muCrimea vane chinhu kuedza ...

kuti vagari Crimea

The Vagari kuCrimea, maererano Krymstata musi 01.01.2014, yaiva kupfuura 2.342.000. Man uye uderedze vawedzere. Chikonzero - yokutama Kukwezva yacho kuCrimea. Saka Urban vagari vane mugove 62,7% pamusoro Peninsula, uye kumaruwa ukuwo - 37.3%. Panyaya yenyika, maererano 2001 okuverengwa gore Crimean Russian vakawanda rinoumbwa runonyanya (58.3%), Ukrainian (24,3%), Crimean Tatar (12,1%), Belarusians (1.5%). The yasara vanogara rudzi Peninsula nenzvimbo imwe zvinoenderana duku zvikuru - asingasviki 1%.

Pakazosvika nzira, Crimean vagari Verenga 2001 yakaratidza inonakidza chokwadi: mundima yayo anogara Izhora (dziwande duku Finnish-Ugric vanhu) kupfuura munyika yokumusha kwavo.

Crimean guta

Guta Crimean kweItari vashoma. Kuyerera kwadzo 18. Fungidzira tsananguro pfupi vamwe vavo.

Administrative, tsika uye mumaindasitiri muzinda Crimea ndiro guta 360,000th pakati Simferopol. MuchiGiriki, zita unorira "guta rakanaka". Ichi chinhu chikuru senga nomusimboti. Kuburikidza migwagwa nayo kutungamirira nemisha zvose Peninsula.

Rinokosha maindasitiri Simferopol: emakambani makuru anenge 70, kusanganisira "Photon" mafekitari, "pneumatics", "Santechprom", "Crimeaprodmash", "Fiolent" uye vamwe. Saizvozvowo, vagari veguta racho vanokodzera zvakakwana. The guta ndiyo mumayunivhesiti huru Peninsula, saka chinonzi kwesayenzi muzinda muCrimea. Yeuka zvakare kuti Simferopol ndiye duku kunyika yose Academician Igorya Vasilevicha Kurchatova, mutambi Romana Sergeevicha Filippova, muimbi Yuri Iosifovich Bogatikova.

Guta Sevastopol rakavakwa zvarayirwa Empress Catherine II sezvo nhare. It ane inokosha kukosha muGungwa Black nharaunda ive isina aizi chiteshi uye wengarava chawo. Kubvira 2014, maererano Russian Bumbiro iri, Sevastopol ane yeUnited kukosha, kuva huru yacho of Black Sea Fleet.

Zvinoenderana Constitution rweUkraine, Sevastopol akanga paakapiwa rinokosha munzanga. The maindasitiri zvinogona ari "guta vengarava Russian," pakutsvaga chengarava yomunzvimbo hove, hove cannery nokubatanidza, Inkerman winery, chikepe rokuvaka uye chikepe-kugadzira mafekitari. City Sevastopol ', uyezve, chikuru dzisina muzinda yokumaodzanyemba kweGungwa Dema, pane vanenge 200 utano nzvimbo uye 49 makiromita ane mahombekombe.

Rimwe remaguta ekare munyika ndiyo Kerch panzvimbo yayo VII remakore BC. e. VaGiriki akavamba guta Panticapaeum. Kerch indasitiri anomiririrwa migodhi, Ndiwe emakambani simbi, shipbuilding, kuvakwa, hove. Crimean dzisina maguta rine vanhu 100,000 kwazvo, vari Evpatoria uye Yalta, vanopfuura zviuru 83 vanogara munyika Feodosiya. Cities Map of Crimean kweItari inoratidza kuti vakawanda vavo vari kumahombekombe. Anosiyiwa vari Simferopol, Belogorsk uye Dzhankoy.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti aivapo madhorobha mamiriro Crimean nepakati kare. Humwe urbanization Peninsula kunodzivisa ayo dzisina mvura kupfuma.

The zvichangobva kare. All-Union utano dzisina

Crimea, Black gungwa ... Mashoko aya avanoziva nomumwe Soviet. Vangani vanhu vakazorora nezuva Peninsula? Nhamba yakarurama zvakaoma kuwana. Pamutemo akataura mufananidzo mamiriyoni 10. Zvisinei, chinoitwa kwakavakirwa Data ose Spa zvivako.

Panguva imwe chete inokosha zvikuru Rwako evashanyi vaifamba kuCrimea vakazvimirira uye kuronga mazororo avo pachavo zvakare. Zvisinei, havasi kuwira mumaonero nhamba. Ndiwo anonzi "savages." Mumwe nevanyori "mabhuku Gazette" iri 60s vakasunungurwa zvavo kero chinosekesa. Akati kuti nzira iyi yakawanda yokufaranuka muna USSR zvokuti yakakurumbira kuti vezvenhau shoko "tyisa" vakatanga kushandisa pasina prices.

In masutukezi awo muvete mepu yacho Crimean kweItari, uye nzira uye kuzorora nzvimbo yavo akazosarudza ... sei kuzviwana? Azvidavirire nokuda uwandu revashanyi pamusoro vemo dzavo, akashandisa kurongwa "chingwa" rwokugadzira. The kukarukureta iri nyore: zvinenge vagari vose upise chingwa nezuva. Per munhu pazuva, paavhareji, chinoita 200-250 magiramu. Kukura kudyiwa chingwa mumwaka zororo, uye akatibvumira kuziva uwandu "savages." Zvakaguma hunoshamisa nhamba :. Kana paiva vanenge 300 zviuru muna 1958, ipapo muna 1988 - vanhu mamiriyoni 6.2 ..

Saka, Soviet muCrimea mumwaka zororo (May kusvika September) akapa ayo kuzvivaraidza zviwanikwa kuti mamiriyoni 16. Vanhu veSoviet. Uye paunofunga kuti yezororo Turkey - kaviri refu, zvino kusvika pakuguma; kuCrimea ari 80s remakore rapfuura akapa vamwe chekubuda vanhu, kuenderana munhu ano Turkish, ichokwadi, kana isu kufunga "savages".

zviwanikwa

Krym rusununguko zvinokosha deposits pamusoro negasi, mafuta, zvicherwa, uye simbi mhangura. Rokutanga Masvomhu dzinoongororwa sezvo yose gasi kugadzirwa - anopfuura mabhiriyoni 165 mamita ³ mafuta -. Kusvika mamiriyoni 47 matani simbi esimbi - .. Over mabhiriyoni 1,8 matani ..

Pasinei kubudirira migodhi kushandiswa, ari Crimean kweItari, maererano nenyanzvi, ane kukuru zvinogona nemhaka yokukosha zviwanikwa, achivimbisa kuvaka pamusoro payo yegore umbowo yokurapa kunaya international chechetere.

Naipolneyshee kushandisa kwavo - yakanakira hondo basa nokuti yose Crimean upfumi.

kweItari ichi chepakutanga uye kukwanisa kushamisika. 5.8% nharaunda yayo zvinonamatwa uye pasi chokuita chengetedza Fund.

Freshwater pfuma kuCrimea - nyaya muchikurukura zhinji. Kunyange zvazvo kadhi Crimean kweItari uye rinoratidza kuvapo 257-mi vemo nzizi, pakati zviri krupnovodneyshimi Aruma, Belbek, Kacha, Salgir, asi zvinenge zvose vane shoma simba inopisa uye yakaoma zvezhizha. 120 Crimean nzizi - kwete anopfuura 10 km, unonyanya nzizi gomo pane kurwizi. Hwakareba zvose - Salgir (204 km).

Musi Peninsula pane nyanza zhinji, kupfuura 80. Zvisinei, reservoirs aya zvomumvura mavambo, vakanga upenyu nokuda mukuru salinity kwemvura. madhamu izvi zvinoita kuti pave hwokurima, zvichivhiringidza ivhu.

Kune rumwe rutivi - chinokosha okunze yekurima zvinogona unopinza, uye pane dzimwe - kukwana aqueous akaratidza kuti kuda kupindira mune kusaenzana kubva munhu. Inokosha kune mvura ine North Crimean mugero unokupai Peninsula Dnieper mvura. Inzwi rayo muna 2003 raiva 83,5% of zvachose mvura nerubatsiro Crimea.

Saka, hazvizivi kuvakwa vatatu mugero pamwe nekurutsa akanga zvaizopedza mvura chishoma, izvo chinangwa tisingakwanisi chero rwizi pachake Crimea kana yayo mugungwa. Sezvineiwo, nhamba rwizi mvura munzvimbo nezvokuvandudzika 9,5 chete%.

Inowanzorimwa mugove Crimean unobereka mvura yokunwa kubva chitubu madziva. dzakananga giravhiti Its harwuna yakaderera - 6.6% kubva nhamba. Kunyange zvinogadzirwa kubva dzakachena mumatsime yepamusoro mvura,.

Nhamba dzinoratidza kuti mumwe ugere Crimea The paavhareji zuva Vhoriyamu mvura 4,7 nguva kudzika kupfuura vagari pakati bhendi. Uyezve, mutengo mvura Crimea zvakare dzinozivikanwa yepamusoro.

Crimea Flora

Kana pakati uye kuchamhembe Peninsula vari munyika arable, mumakomo pane nyonganyonga pakati pristine kasvisto. Ikoko, zvikafadza nyanzvi inokura kwemarudzi 240 kubva nemamwe, endemic zvirimwa. Mujinga ari Crimean makomo akafukidzwa hobvu Deciduous dondo kuchamhembe, memuouki yemiorivhi kukura pazasi, pamusoro - pomuouki uye hornbeam. Kumaodzanyemba mujinga makomo akafukidzwa mupaini masango. Conifers - endemic Crimean mupaini.

Nature of Crimean kweItari vari chaizvo zvakanaka nokuda kwezvisikwa kukudziridzwa arboretums muganhu wezasi, nemazana uye ezviuru zvakakwana yakasimbiswa zvinomera unyanzvi. Kana mhuka uswa ine nemiti (shiblyak), kuti kurimwa kumahombekombe mumapaki vari maparera iyi nyika yekare nevanhu. A nzvimbo inokosha pakati pavo ndorwevaya mukuru Nikitsky botanical mubindu, miti Nedzazvino vashanyi vanobva munyika yose. Zvisinei, kuti Nyanzvi dendrological muunganidzwa yemazana zvinomera uyewo Massandra, Livadia, Foros, Vorontsov mumapaka. Uye - kwete zvakazara mazita Crimean dendrological plantings.

History. kare

History of Crimea anoyevedza uye inonakidza. Ndima yayo kare zvakabata vakundi. Vamwe Vagari yepakutanga, iyo Cimmerians, vaigara XII remakore, chakatsiva vaSitiya. Other vagari vemo, ivo Tauri, vaigara pamapani uye makomo, wakafananidzwa pamwe vakundi. Crimea yakava chikamu muSitiya wehurumende.

The V remakore BC. e. VaGiriki vakashandisa Crimean kweItari kuvakira pamusoro wayo yokumaodzanyemba (Tauris, sezvo ivo vanouti) dzavo maguta-misha: Chersonese, Kafa, Panticapaeum. Panguva iyi, akanga asiri pamusoro Peninsula mamiriro, asi nechiGiriki Colonisation kumahombekombe. Panguva iyoyowo anazvo steppes vaSitiya.

Yeuka kuti Crimea chinonziwo paucheche wokuRussia Orthodoxy. Zviri pano, munyika Khersones, muna I remakore BC. e. Akasvikira muApostora Andrey Pervozvanny kuparidzira zvizivikanwe uye vaSitiya.

'63 BC. e. pakataurwa annexation pamusoro kuCrimea pedyo hweRoma, vakatora kudzora guta yakavakwa nevaGiriki. Pashure pokuwa simba mukuru Peninsula ndavhiyiwa kurwisa akawanda. Muzana III remakore BC. e. KuCrimea vakakunda zvemo kuti dzekuma Scandinavia - the Goths, uye IV remakore BC. e. vakatsiviwa akazotevera nechisimba - the Huns, ivo muArabhu kubva Asia.

Kubva VI remakore ari Crimean steppes hunodzorwa madzinza Turkic-kutaura, akaumba Khazar Khanate. Izvi zvakare tikayeuka munyaya ino.

Crimean guta-misha pamahombekombe akauya pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa mutsivi Rome - Byzantium. Byzantines akasimbisa Hersonissos, kukura nhare itsva: Alushta, Gurzuf, Eski-Kermen, Inkerman, uye vamwe. Nengano kwakaderera ari Byzantine Empire munharaunda yacho Genoese pamhenderekedzo vanoumba hugota Theodoro.

Middle Ages

ChiKristu abuda Peninsula uye kuMiddle Ages. Ari Chersonese akabhabhatidzwa neMweya Mutsvene Prince Vladimir, vakabva kuparadzira kutenda kwechiKristu vamwe Russia.

With VIII remakore BC. e. ari inowanzorimwa chikamu Peninsula kwakaitika necheSalvic Colonisation aiva hunhu nguva-shoma, sezvo pfungwa Kievan Rus pakutanga akapiwa kumadokero kumiganhu, uye muArabhu vakanga vachishingaira uye nehasha vachirwisa.

Muzana XII remakore Crimean kweItari anova Polovtsian. Nguva iyi zvinoratidza zvimwe mazita Polovtsian kusiiwa nguva yedu: Ayu-Dag ( "Bear Mountain"), ARTEK (zita mwanakomana Polovtsian Khan).

Pashure pokukundwa Peninsula yose, kusanganisira hugota pakati Theodoro, ari wechiTatar-eMongolia ari XIII remakore, yakava muzinda weguta Solkhat (iri nharaunda ano mutaundi duku vanha Krym.). Peninsula chikamu eumambo Mongol-Tatar Zolotaya Orda State.

nhoroondo ano

Panguva apo vanhu pakupedzisira akava ndakagara uye akatanga kusika rudzi, paiva yakakura kweItari rudzi - the Crimean Tatars. Muna 1475 Peninsula yakakundwa hweOttoman Empire, uye guta guru kuCrimea yakava Kafa. Turkish mamiriro chiteshi akava mutsigiri mukuru Crimean Tatars, vaibva yake muranda. The hweTurkey yakavakirwa pamusoro Peninsula ayo beachheads zvechiuto. At Perekop nechisimba akavaka inokosha nhare Or Kalou.

Nhoroondo Crimean Peninsula, imwe nguva itsva (anouya aine Countdown of Renaissance) hwakabatana pamwe reRussia kurwisa Crimean Khanate. Zvikurukuru, muna 1736 hondo Hristofora Antonovicha Miniha, uye muna 1737 - the Army Petra Petrovicha Lassii, rakanga yekudyidzana simba. Han Qırım Giray, zvematongerwe kuedza kusimbisa kubatana kunyika dzokuMadokero, akafa pakarepo muna 1769.

Hondo yechipiri pasi murayiro-mu-Chief, General Vasily Mikhailovich Dolgorukov pahondo 06.14.1770 uye 29.07.1770 Russian-Turkish vakanga akahwina, mbiri inokosha kukunda Crimean Tatars: Perekopskaya pamutsetse uye Cafe. The statehood ravaIndia vagere nharaunda zvakanga zvarasika. Map of Crimean kweItari kubva 1783 panzvimbo Crimean Khanate akaratidza Tauride mudunhu, kuva Russia.

Scam remakore. Crimean California

Muzana XX remakore, munguva Soviet, nharaunda iyi yava vasingabvumirani nyaya geopolitics. 18.10.1921 gore pano yakaumbwa Crimean zvionera Soviet Socialist Republic - the RSFSR zvinoriumba.

Zvichakadai, hurumende yeSoviet aiva dambudziko nokuda nharaunda. Kana Sea Black kumahombekombe Crimea akanga zvakakwana dzine vanhu vakawanda, ndiye haigoni ati chikamu yake inowanzorimwa. Mugore Crimean inowanzorimwa pachena kwete zvakakwana munhu mari. Pfungwa rakasikwa zvokurima misha yevaJudha kutendeutsa Semi-mugwenga inowanzorimwa munyika anorimwa munyika. Nhoroondo Crimean kweItari, sezvatinoona, aiva kukura ane nzira maonero.

Muna 1922, hurumende yeSoviet akatendeuka Jewish yemarudzi sangano "Joint" chakanaka zvakawanda. Iye akaita kuti mari iri kurima 375 hectares ari Crimean kweItari, uye nokuda kuti zviri RSFSR ukuwo, vanokwanisa kuziva hope vaJudha vekare kutsvaka nyika yechipikirwa, -. To kumisa wechiJudha zvionera Republic pano.

Izvi zvakataurwa yave pasi kare midzi. Muna VIII-X remakore Khazar Khanate, izvo akavapo pamusoro Peninsula, vaizviti chiJudha.

Muna USSR Central Executive Committee of Council vemarudzi nokwenzvimbo yaiva komiti basa munyika yavaJudha rakavambwa. Komiti kwakasimbiswa chirongwa-gore 10 kusvika kutakura 300,000 VaJudha mubvakure ari inowanzorimwa chikamu Crimea.

19.02.1929, pakati CEC of RSFSR uye "Joint" dzakasaina chibvumirano pamusoro kukura Crimean nyika. Munyika basa iri riri nani kuzivikanwa pasi zita "Crimean California." Ezvidzidzo izvozvo, sangano renyika vechiJudha akabudisa kuchengetedzeka mu uwandu mamiriyoni 20. $ Akatengwa kubva US uye European private zvakarurama. Total -. $ Miriyoni 26 (pa ano Gengi -. About $ 1,82 billion) kuti oupfumi yaiitirwa kuburikidza yakazaruka Simferopol bazi kubhengi "Agro-Joint".

Muna 1938, Stalin akashandura chirongwa, asi nyaya akarerwa naye muHondo Yenyika II. Yokuisira kuti migove kuti "Joint" aida muripo. Panguva Tehran musangano, vakaita zvakaitwa US President Roosevelt kuna Stalin. Zvisinei, munguva Yemashoko War, gakava kwakagadziriswa General Secretary Khrushchev ari "Gordian fundo". 19.02.1954 of Crimean nharaunda hwakatamisirwa Ukrainian SSR of RSFSR. Chibvumirano ne Soviet Union "Joint" akarasika simba: nyaya idzi haisi kusvika RSFSR.

Crimea sechikamu muUkraine

The ndima Crimea nokuenda wokuUkraine SSR, zvinoda nouchapupu zviwanikwa nokuda kwayo kukura. Pausiku nharaunda iyi vakasungwa vanenge zviuru 300 vanhu, vashandi zvakajeka kukwana. Mukurwa Hondo Yenyika II akarasikirwa chinenge ngakuite vemo. Agricultural kweItari oga kugona kukunda dambudziko uye kuti tisvike pre-hondo mumatunhu. Migwagwa kukwana.

Muna 1958, wokuUkraine Soviet Socialist Republic kubva bhajeti dzinounzwa mari yokuvaka munyika wakarebesa trolleybus nzira, unobatanidza Simferopol pamwe Alushta uye Yalta. Mumakore 1961-1971 uye yakavakwa sokuronga inokosha chakagadzirwa Canal unodiridzwa inowanzorimwa nyika Crimea tichiregeredza mvura Kakhovka Reservoir Dnieper. Sezvo kuronga uye zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuva viticulture uye horticulture.

Zvisinei, kubva 1991 kukura zvokurima Peninsula yave katsika ngozi kusviba. The chikonzero - mune zvinodhura pakuunganidza kuvarimi ano zvokurima ruzivo uye kushomeka mamiriro rutsigiro zvokurima iri nharaunda akatambudzika. Somugumisiro, vanopfuura hafu kunoderedza zvirimwa nharaunda uye, wakaenzana, ungaderedza mvura North Crimean gwara.

Crimea nhasi

The kuitika dambudziko enyika ukama pakati Russia neUkraine dzinongoita mumatauriro upfumi Peninsula. Zvichienderana migumisiro referendamu chavagari Crimea (2014), iro RSFSR yakatora kuti kodzero yake vanotongwa Federation. Ukraine, nokuti ayo chikamu, haana vakaziva Mvumo iri referendamu uye anotenda yakatora Crimea.

The kusaenzana zvoupfumi ukama kunotangira kuRussia-Ukrainian "wezvokutengeserana hondo", mwoyo upfumi nharaunda. Kutaura zvazviri, akakunda yezororo. Agriculture achitambura - nokuti zvinopikisana wayo mvura. Zvisinei, vagari Peninsula iri kumirira zvinetso izvi pfupi zvichabviswa kukurirwa. The Russian Federation, nokuti ayo chikamu, ari kutanga kwayo rinoitirwa kwezvivako muna Crimea. Handiti, hazvina kukwana dzinonzi Republic itsva kukasawedzerwa map Russia. The Crimean kweItari iri pari kuitika yakaoma Gwara zveupfumi uye zviri pamutemo kusangana kuenda muchiRussian Nzanga iri.

Ukraine uye nyika yacho Group of Seven, Sezvambotaurwa, vakasaziva Mvumo yacho referendamu. Nokudaro - kuoma iri kuwana zvakakodzera dzakawanda chinzvimbo Peninsula. Panewo nyaya chokuita nzvimbo Crimean Tatars, kuti zvizvarwa.

Zvisinei, nyaya yacho inopfuurira, uye vanhu kuCrimea Chokwadi, kutarisira yeUnited mubhizimisi muupfumi mudunhu ravo. Munzira dzakawanda sarudzo sezvayakanga kutsanangura zvinotarisirwa kuti nharaunda. Chii chichava ramangwana Peninsula nemumwe? Mubvunzo richakazaruka.

mhedziso

Izvo akaongorora tarisiro ichi chinoshamisa munharaunda? Ngationei yeuka nhoroondo zvidzidzo. Panguva iyoyo, apo mumwe rokupedzisira mutungamiriri USSR Yuriy Vladimirovich Andropov vakaedza "kusimbisa basa chirango" vatanga kuwedzera richiona kuti kuchikoro uye kudzivisa kuba munyika, iri mhiri kweGungwa Dema, paiva zvakawanda dzinovaka pezvakaitwa ... Crimean kweItari panguva iyoyo aiva pachipatara pacho napamaruva simba kupfuura Turkey.

Mumakore 80 muTurkey zvakanzi akaronga zvakanaka zvoupfumi, zviri pamutemo rinorondedzerwa uye yakatanga yose mamiriro michini, international mubhizimisi kwacho Spa indasitiri. Nyika, vane GDP ikaurawa 10% munguva yose dambudziko, kuvaka aizobudirira itsva chinhu mari iri bhajeti - dzemabhizimisi uyai. dzakawanda zvibvumirwano pamusoro Mabatirwo guru upfumi takaitwa kuti voga vanoita, vakaenzana kodzero pamwe vagari.

Saka, vanoita yokumwe havasi chete akasunungura (zvishomanana kana zvakazara) mitero uye mari pamusoro Implementation kuti guta mari mu Motels, asi kupa risingaperi zvakanaka zvakarurama mairi. Naivowo hunovimbisa kudzoka mari uye kudzorerwa kwezvinhu guru, kana mari iri "vakakundikana."

Zviri pachena kuti imwe nzira kuva mune zvoupfumi dzakabudirira uye Crimean kweItari. Photo plesieroorde ayo pashure oupfumi akadaro anogona kukwikwidzana mifananidzo dzakatorwa spas uye mvura mumapaki muna Antalya, Turkey.