Combinative variability chacho shanduka kukosha

Combinative variability ari kukonzera intraspecific zvakasiyana-siyana zvose zvipenyu. Asi ichi mhando yokugara nadzurudzo kunotungamirira chete kuti paumbwe mubatanidzwa itsva maitiro vatovapo. Uye haana combinative variability uye ayo zvigadziriswe regai kukonzera nechitarisiko vangasimudzira yakasiyana Gene mubatanidzwa. The chidzoke zvivako zvachose itsva nokuda siyana Gene zvakasiyana, zvinogoneka chete panyaya intraspecific mutational kuchinja.

Combinative variability pakutsvaga hunhu dzokubereka muitiro. Nokuti ichi mhando yokugara nadzurudzo mamirire chimiro genotypes matsva nemhaka rekuUnited Gene mubatanidzwa. Combinative variability kunooneka pacharo atova chehupenyu inotungamirwa gametes (utachiona masero). Uyezve, muchitokisi chimwe nechimwe kwakadaro chinomiririrwa homologous chromosome kubva peya imwe neimwe chete. Dzinoratidzwa nokuti okutodza achawira utachiona muchitokisi randomly, apo gametes mune imwe nhengo zvingasiyana zvakasimba zvakakwana pamusoro Gene yakatarwa. Hariwaniki kuva chero kuchinja makemikari hunhu rakananga mutakuri enhaka mashoko.

Saka, combinative variability imhaka dzakasiyana-siyana recombination majini vari vatovapo ari chromosome yakatarwa. Izvi mhando yokugara nadzurudzo chiri haana Conjugate pamwe kuchinja chromosome naGene ezvirevo. Sources combinative variability kungava chete kwemasayendisiti kuti munguva achidzikisa sero weboka (meiosis) uye muchangosangana.

Elementary (duku) chikwata chakasiyana recombinations nhaka zvinhu, kukonzera kuumbwa itsva Gene anofambidzana, inonzi RECON. Mumwe recon anoenderana nucleotides maviri (kuvakwa zvinhu zviri nucleic acid) iri miviri nezano DNA molecules uye kuroorwa nucleotide, kana totaura sechivako chete-nezano nucleic asidhi wanda. Recon hakusi divisible apo vaiyambuka (mukutsinhana rikurumidze pakati aiwanzopiwa wokushanda homologous okutodza panguva conjugation) uye muzviitiko zvose ichiparadzirwa zvakazara.

Combinative variability mu mumasero eukaryotic munzira nhatu:

1. Genetic recombination mu nedanho mazambuko-pamusoro, mauri okutodza vari aumba vane anofambidzana vatsva alleles.
2. Independent kurongwa vakapararira okutodza panguva anaphase yokutanga meiotic kupesana danho, apo gamete zvose wana yavo nemagene zvinhu.
3. Kurongwa Nevapanduki utachiona masero panguva muchangosangana.

Saka, achishandisa izvi zvigadziriswe matatu combinative variability neimwe sero zygote inoumbwa ne Fusion pamusoro gametes, anowana zvachose yakasiyana iine magene mashoko. Kuti okunatsiridza yakadaro enhaka anotsanangura kusiyana chikuru mukati mhuka. Genetic recombination kunokosha zvikuru kuti shanduka upi rudzi, sezvazvakanyorwa zvakasikwa zvisingaverengeki-siyana genotypes. Izvi zvinopa chero heterogeneity vemo. Chimiro zvipenyu, takaberekwa tine ayo pachedu maitiro, anosarudza yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda dzinongoitika selection, achimupa mukana kusiya chete anobudirira zvikuru wemishonga enhaka zvinoyemurika. Nemhaka kukumbanidzwa pakati zvipenyu itsva dzokubereka muitiro, majini akafanana ari akaramba hwakavandudzika.