Clavicle: Aripi anatomi, basa, mamiriro

Home ropafadzo murume - unofamba akarurama. Zvakakwanisika nemhaka inokosha kuchinja munyika kutsigirwa uye rwokufamba, zvinosanganisira marangwanda uye tsandanyama. madhipatimendi yayo yose vane yakanakisisa dzichipfekeka kuchinjira kumamiriro hunyambiri nzvimbo muviri. Izvi zvakaita kuti nokubudiswa yokumusoro muzvidimbu kuitawo kufamba muviri wayo unyorwe siyana kurovedza muviri: chengetedzo uye chaiyoiyo kuchinja zvinhu zvokurimisa, Implementation nezviito dzavasinei nadzo dzevanhu. Yokufananidzira mienzaniso zvavo kugona kunyora, kutamba zviridzwa, pendi, kusona, kuruka, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Munyaya ino tichakurukura zvinhu zviri nemamiriro bhandi okumusoro maoko nemakumbo, izvo zvinosanganisira chipande uye bondo. Uripi, chii chinoshanda izvozvo anoita basa yaro zvetsandanyama nemapfupa hurongwa murume?

Location of clavicle iri yevanhu marangwanda

Bone, chikamu bhandi rokumusoro muzvidimbu chokuita sternum Via sternoclavicular rwakashodoka. The lateral Chikamu clavicle chokuita pamafudzi chipande - acromion. Panguva iyi, pfupa ane nematambudziko, dzemakwiringwindi nomumativi vafuke kuda fudzi tsandanyama shwashwa midziyo uchishandisa hurongwa. To nani anobata yokuti kwakadaro bondo, funga sechivako rimwe zvikamu zvetsandanyama nemapfupa ino - repamusoro richiripo nebhanhire.

Clavicle sechikamu yokumusoro richiripo bhanhire

Kuti ruoko mapfupa akanga chokuita nedzimwe nhengo dzomuviri, ari munhu marangwanda ane dhipatimendi, zvinosanganisira aiwanzopiwa wokushanda mapfupa - mativi chipande uye bondo. Sezvo chikamu chomuviri wake bandauko bhanhire, kusanganisira clavicle, vanotova vertebrates, sezvo vamiririri yacho superclass Pisces. It kunokudziridzwa kwazvo mune mhuka kuti vanoshandisa forelimbs dzavo muitiro rwakabata chayabata kana kufamba brachiation nzira (semuna Gibbons). Funga zvakare, apo bondo uye ichi chikamu muviri. It ane chimiro rechiLatin tsamba S, zvakabatanidzwa ayo womukati chikamu sternum, uye kunze - nefoshoro, nokuti simba nzvimbo idzi zvakasimbisa majoini nemarunda.

Panguva hunyambiri kwebasa fudzi mapfupa rotates pamusoro akabatana ayo akafanana kiyi iri keyhole, saka zita - the bondo. Chaitevera pamusoro mabasa ayo mumuviri.

Basa mapfupa okumusoro mapazi ari bhandi rutsigiro maitiro uye motokari

Kare, tine vanozivikanwa munyika yevanhu marangwanda, uko bondo. Anatomically, izvozvo zvakabatana chipande uye breastbone kungotaurwa rubatsiro pamusoro riri vakatasva ari humerus. Sechivako yakadaro remubatanidzwa-mhikuriso zvakanaka kunowedzera amplitude nemafambiro muruoko. The clavicle kunoshanda pokuungana kubudikidza zvokuimba chiito rokumusoro kumugumo kuti chipfuva nomuzongoza. Kwairi wanamatira dzimwe tsandanyama zvakakosha kuti vatambe vose kunofambira mberi uye vakagwinya basa. Anatomy of clavicle, mashandiro kuti vari hwokuzvarwa, wakakodzera anonyanya zvemukati marongerwo. Tinotora Kutarira navo zvizere.

Histogenesis pfupa

In embryo kukura nguva embryo rukoko vakaumba yechipiri sero mhando dzakadai fibroblasts, chondroblasts uye osteoblasts. Of kwavari zvakare kuva vakadaro zvinyama Anoumba nhengo yacho zvetsandanyama nemapfupa ezvinhu akadai connective, shwashwa uye mapfupa. Kuti tipindure mubvunzo: chii bondo tichitarisa munyika mamiriro, yeuka kuti pane mapfupa vanonzi akavhenganiswa yevanhu marangwanda. Vari inoumbwa zvinhu vane yakasiyana mavambo. Somuenzaniso, clavicle achiumbwa chikamu kubva connective rinenge osteogenesis chinopfuudzwa pasina paumbwe shwashwa, muchidimbu nokuda chondrocytes, izvo kuona chirongwa Ossificação em.

Izvo tsandanyama vari vasiyana bhanhire okumusoro Mbabvu

All kufamba nomuviri kuitwa zvakabatana mapfupa marangwanda uye tsandanyama, mapfupa akabatanidzwa kwavari. Saka, kuti zvakatanga yokumusoro mutezo panguva pamafudzi vadyi, deltoid tsandanyama ipfupi. Ngatiyeukei apo bondo ari munhu uye kuona basa yaro kufamba maoko. Zviri pamusoro pegomo uye pamberi pamucheto pfupa, chikamu bhandi okumusoro maoko nemakumbo, zvakabatanidzwa deltoid. To rwemberi pamucheto clavicle kushandisa trapezoidal uye conical trapezoid nemarunda kubatana uye sternocleidomastoid tsandanyama.

Chokutanga izvi statically akabata yokumusoro shure ari akarurama munzvimbo, wechipiri inopa pani uye kurereka musoro uye kunogona munyaya kufema kufamba.

Sei paumbwe clavicle mu embryogenesis

Kuti zvakajeka kunzwisisa bondo, chimbofunga mashandiro ose Bookmarks mafupa. Paumbwe marangwanda ari mudumbu kunotanga kwevhiki 5-6 fetus kukura, uye ndiye chirongwa Ossificação em. Uye pfupa rokutanga achiumbwa osteogenesis - ndiko bondo. Iye achava mumwe rokupedzisira vakanyatsosvika, ane Ossificação em chinogara kusvika makore 21 oupenyu hwevanhu. Chitarisiko Its kunotanga kubatana yechipiri germinal sero rukoko muboka chokuita anatomically capillaries mudumbu.

Kupesana Kusiyanisa chinonyanya mesenchymal masero rinopera chimiro fibers rinoumbwa fibroblasts. Zvadaro vanounganidza yavo sezvamunoita kollagenopodobnoe nenhumbi - osseomukoid uye kutora chimiro fibers. Around pavo pane osteoblasts - masero chikuru mapfupa rinenge anotanga kubudisa zvicherwa. Fibrous tambo akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya munyu, kurasikirwa elasticity uye kuva aoma. Kuvakwa akura pfupa masero uye capillaries dzakapoteredza pfupa ndiro, vane chimiro concentric marin'i uye sepombi. Chokunze paiva fibroblasts tinoshandurirwa periosteum rakavhara bondo.

Zvokurwara nemafupa yokumusoro richiripo bhanhire

Hatina rinotsanangurwa chii bondo uye sei anogadzirwa panguva embryonic kukura murume. The anomalies kuitika nokuda clavicles Kuvhiringidza osteogenesis ari mudumbu uye akaita munhu magene kubatwa.

Saka, hypoplasia, iro rine zviratidzo underdevelopment kana pasina clavicle iri murwiyo rokumusoro muzvidimbu bhanhire, ndiko kuremara nokuda zviratidzo yaiva autosomes uye vari chikuru mamiriro. Kuvhiringidza akadai zvinorwadza clavicular dysostosis pachena abnormalities chiso uye cranial zvikamu uye achabatsirwa pathological mufambo mashizha uye clavicles, uye dislocations mune acromioclavicular rwakashodoka. Kazhinji, yokumusoro muzvidimbu bhanhire zvokurwara rakanyorwa pamwe nedzimwe hosha iri marangwanda mamiriro, akadai muna Goltz chirwere abnormalities mu dentition kukura, zvakawandisa rwe-melanin usage uye trophic ganda maronda pamwe hypoplasia pamusoro clavicles.

Munyaya ino, isu akaongorora chivako, mashandiro uye zvichiita zvokurwara pamusoro clavicle, inova chikamu bhanhire okumusoro dzomuviri womunhu marangwanda.