Church Christian muna Early Ages. History of the Christian Church

The chitendero pamutemo hweRoma apo chiKristu akava mutongi Constantine I Mukuru (272-337). Muna 313, iye pamutemo anobvumira munyika yavo chitendero, chirevo yokuenzanisa kodzero chiKristu nezvimwe zvitendero, uye muna 324 chakava chitendero pamutemo hweRoma vakabatana. Muna 330, Constantine akatamisa dzimbahwe rake kuguta Byzantium, izvo rukudzo yake achatsikwa zita rokuti Constantinople.

Nguva Nguva Early Church Christian

Muna 325 paNicaea (zvino guta Iznik, Turkey) waiitwa pakutanga Ecumenical kanzuru, uko inokosha yevaKristu kunge vatora, uye nokudaro hwogumisa nharo pamusoro pamutemo chitendero. Kereke yechiKristu yepakutanga, kana penguva yevaapostora, zvakare, unoguma kuvapo kwayo muDare reNicaea. Start musi anoonekwa makore 30 Ini remakore AD, apo nascent chiKristu kwainzi rechiJudha raiva. The kutambudzwa kwevaKristu haana vakatanga kubva kuvaHedheni, kureva vaJudha. Kufira Church Christian Archdeacon Stephen wokutanga akaurayiwa nevaJudha muna '34.

Kudzvinyirirwa vaKristu uye achagumisa ainetswa

Panguva chechi yechiKristu yokutanga yaiva nguva yokudzvinyirirwa nezvevaKristu pamusoro chikamu ose madzimambo yeRoma Empire. Wakakura zvikuru raiva "kutambudzwa Diocletian" kubvira 302 311 makore. mutongi uyu Roman kuparadza muenzaniso zvachose kutenda nascent. Diocletian pachake akafa muna 305, asi basa rake ropa akaramba venhaka. "Kutambudzwa Great" akanga pamutemo mutongo wakabudiswa mugore 303.

History of the Christian Church asisiri aiziva kunetswa - vaKristu vachibayira vamakumi, richivamanikidza dzavo kupinda munhandare yeshumba. Kunyange zvazvo mamwe masayendisiti anodavira nhamba vakaurayiwa pakutambudzwa Diocletian riite kuti achiri kunzi nhamba chaizvo - 3500 vanhu. Vakatambudzwa uye akadzinga vakarurama yakanga yakawanda kazhinji. Konstantin Veliky hwogumisa kunongedza chamuita kuti maruva rimwe mikuru zvitendero zvevanhu. Kupa chinzvimbo chinokosha kuna chiKristu, Constantine vakanochengeta chitendero nokukurumidza kukura. Byzantium anova musimboti rokutanga chiKristu, uye gare gare guta guru Orthodoxy, iyo, sezvo mune dzimwe kereke, mutongi uyu somusande Sts. mutsvene Catholic haana kukurukurwa.

The Link nguva

More pamusoro mipiro mai Constantine vake, Empress Helena, kuvaka machechi. Apo Constantine rakavakwa Hagia Sophia ari Constantinople - muguta, rinonzi riri kukudzwa mambo. Asi wokutanga chaizvo uye vaiona yakanaka Jerusarema chechi, iyo Bhaibheri rinotaura. Zvisinei, vakawanda zvivako zvechitendero yokutanga havana akachengetedzwa. Mukuru wechiKristu chechi munyika, vakakwira akararama kusvikira nhasi, riri muguta reFrance Poitiers, chikuru guta weDhipatimendi Vienne. It Baptistery Ioanna Krestitelya, yakavakwa muna IV remakore. Kureva, kunyange vasati vatanga nhoroondo mangwanani yeMiddle Ages, umo kuvakwa machechi, temberi uye machechi vakava zvakapararira.

Rich zvenhoroondo kumwedzi

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti Early Ages yakatora 5 emakore kubvira kuwa Western hweRoma muna 476 kusvikira pakuguma X remakore. Asi mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti pakutanga wokutanga nguva yeMiddle Ages aiva nemakore 313 - nguva kugumiswa yokutambudzwa vateveri chitendero chechiKristu.

Yakaomesesa yenhoroondo, kusanganisira kuwa hweRoma, kuti Great Kutama, Byzantium mavambo, vachisimbisa pokudzora vaMuslim nechisimba navaArabhu muSpain, rinoshandisa zvachose chitendero chechiKristu. Church muna Early yeMiddle Ages raiva enyika, tsika, dzidzo uye zvoupfumi chikuru pakuchengetedzwa zhinji madzinza uye vanhu Europe. zvikoro zvose vakanga dzinovangira nemachechi, dzemamongi vaiva netsika uye rokudzidzisa nzvimbo. Uyezve, kare muzana IV remakore wemamongi vose vakapfuma zvikuru uye simba. Zvisinei, chechi kwete chete akadyara munhu anonzwisisa, zvakanaka, nokusingaperi. vachitambudzwa noutsinye pasi kuparadzana. Akaparadza aritari vechihedheni uye temberi, Vatsauki dzakaparadzwa panyama.

Faith sezvo ichidzivirira ari mamiriro

Church Christian mukutanga Middle Ages, ruzivo ruva raro rokutanga, uye kuguma nguva, vamwe vakarasika pasi. Uye gare gare, muna zvinotevera nguva yeMiddle Ages, mutsva kuwedzera chitendero chechiKristu. Pakutanga mashoko V remakore Ireland razova rimwe nzvimbo chiKristu. VechiFrank mamiriro, akaita akawedzera zvikuru ndima dzaro worudzii Clovis merovingian, akatora naye chitendero chitsva. Muzana V remakore mutongi mundima vechiFrank mamiriro atova dzemamongi 250. The Church anova sangano simba kupfuura pamwe zvizere patronage kwaClovis. Church Christian muna Early Ages vakaita consolidating basa. Tora ungano kutenda vakaedza zvose zvavaigona vakakomba chechi varayirwa namambo, nyika yakava akasimba zvikuru uye kwegore risingapindiki kuti zvekunze vavengi. Nokuti chete zvikonzero, kutenda chitsva uye akatora vamwe Europe. Muzana IX remakore, akabhabhatidza Rus. ChiKristu yakanga kuwana simba, hazvina hwapinda mukati Asia uye nechokumusoro kwerwizi murwizi (nharaunda Sudan ano).

zveutsinye nzira

Asi nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana - zvose chinangwa (Islam ari kuwana simba) uye kuzviitira (ushe wavana Clovis, vaimudana "madzimambo simbe," kuparara vechiFrank state) - Christianity ari chakamboti mapfumo zvinzvimbo zvavo. MaArab zvishoma yaigarwa chikamu Iberian Peninsula. Very vakashaisa kwebasa raPapa. Church Christian muna Early yeMiddle Ages aiva feudal rechitendero dzidziso. Akazvarwa kare, akanga vasiya chiKristu ake akava Dzinde feudalism, vachimushumira nokutendeka, acharuramisira udzvinyiriri uye munzanga kusaruramisira "kuda kwaIshe. ' Kuti vachengete vakawanda vari pasi, Chechi akarwawo kutyisidzira, kunyanya kutya humwe upenyu. Akazivisa varanda vasingateereri wadhiabhori, vanyengeri, izvo zvakazoita kuti paumbwe Raibvunzurudza.

The rakanaka rinoitwa chechi

Asi Church yechiKristu muna Early yeMiddle Ages iri kukwanisa chechetere nemagakava evanhu, kusawirirana uye antagonisms. Chimwe chikuru zvinodavirwa muchitendero muChechi - pamberi paMwari, vose vakaenzana. Chechi haina kuzarura utsinye kune vanhuwo zvavo, vaiva chikuru basa simba pamusoro feudal munzanga. Akadana tsitsi kurutivi mumapepanhau uye vanomanikidzwa. Izvi kwaiva pamutemo zvemukereke, kunyange kana dzimwe nguva unyengeri.

Mugore Early Middle Ages pamwe kusaziva chavagari kutopedza, pasina zvimwe nzira yokukurukurirana, chechi airidza basa kukurukurirana centre - pano vanhu kuenda, pano vari kunyorera uye ndikadzidza zvose nhau.

The noutsinye nokuiswa Christianity

Nhoroondo yekereke yechiKristu, kufanana nemamwe chitendero chipi chikuru, kazhinji vapfumi. Vose ounyanzvi ounyanzvi uye mabhuku mumakore vakasikwa vatsigire Church, nokuti zvaaida uye vanhu vake. Vachikurudzirwa nayo uye mitemo vakadzinganiswa yacho inoti, vamwe vari muHondo. Zvisinei, vakatanga vari XI remakore, asi munguva kubva V kuti X remakore, chiKristu vakapararira kwete chete nesimba rokunyengetedza uye mumishinari kana zvoupfumi zvinhu. A inokosha chaizvo basa reDare zvombo. Utsinye chaizvo vahedheni panguva kwayo, kutenda kwechiKristu kwakakurumbira chaizvo, kusanganisira kukunda yeNyika Itsva, akanga rinorambidzwa kubudikidza bayonets.

Page munhoroondo yevanhu

Hondo izere nhoroondo yose Middle Ages. Early Middle Ages, kana kuti mangwanani feudal munguva - imwe nguva apo kuchangotanga uye kuumbwa feudalism sezvo enyika evanhu inotungamirwa. Pakazopera X remakore feudalisation nyika rakapotsa kupera. Pasinei chokwadi kuti zvinofanana okuti "feudalism" kazhinji vanoshumira se obscurantism uye backwardness, zviri mukereke iyi, kwaiva zvakanaka zvinhu inobatsira kuti kufambira mberi vanhu, izvo zvakazoita kuti chidzoke of Renaissance.