Chirungu idioms rakashandurwa - mienzaniso uye tsika

Kuti vagadzire tenzi palette, unofanira matatu chete mavara: tsvuku, yellow, mutema. Nokusanganisa pavo, tinowana anonzi zvenguva: mutema, orenji nomutsvuku. Zvino? The kure, yakawanda mavara uye noruvara, pasina iyo upenyu - a-chena dema-uye firimu. Ndizvo zvinoitika mumutauro: mavara, mitinhimira, mabhii, mashoko, mashoko, uye, chokwadi, idioms, pasina iro upenyu anova-chena dema-uye akanyarara firimu. Both idioms Chirungu havasi kurwadziwa.

mitsara

Chii chirevo? Pane matunhu-kuwedzera kuvaka yakawanda corridors uye makamuri pasi zita "zvemutauro". Tinofanira kuwana kugogodza imwe kirasi yakafara inonzi "Mitsara". Just pano uye mubasa mukudzidza phraseological dzakabatana - akasimba, kuratidza mubatanidzwa mashoko ane chete Integrated kukosha uye kuita chete syntactic basa.

Somuenzaniso - idioms mutauro Chirungu pamwe chete neshanduro: maoko ehembe kwomunhu - mutsigo, mutsigo, slipshod; mu vachiita utano - «utano, simba, ropa uye mukaka; ose kunanaira mambo - chipo, kubva kumusoro kusvika kutsoka, uye vamwe.

Chirungu

Mitsara - chaiyo pfuma yemashoko mutauro, pasina chakasara chinhu. Ona ichi kutibatsira idioms mumutauro Chirungu, izvo emakore woga nhoroondo vanhu, avo mafungiro, tsika, upenyu, nyika maitiro. Vanongouya kuona chikuru manyuko matangiro idioms. On kwakabva Chirungu idioms vari mapoka mapoka maviri: chizvarwa Chirungu uye rakumbirwa. The yokupedzisira, iniwo rakakamurwa muchinjikwa-mutauro uye Intralanguage. Pano, panzvimbo boka rinokosha dzinounzwa uye chikwereti idioms mune imwe format.

Kubva apa tinogona kunyora zvinotevera mapoka mana:

• chizvarwa idioms Chirungu;
• nokukwereta nevamwe mitauro;
• Intralanguage nokukwereta - idioms, iro rakabva US, Australian Chirungu;
• idioms akakwereta mune dzimwe format.

Zvino zvakawanda pamusoro mumwe nomumwe pamusoro zvinhu.

Native idioms Chirungu

Uyu kumbonyanya guru boka. Zvinogona kunzi, zvakawanda Zvinoumba wokufananidzira Chirungu. Inside kwakadai mapoka anotevera: Chekutanga, zviri akatsiga anofambidzana chokuita Chirungu chaizvo. Somuenzaniso, kuti aberekwe mukati inzwi Bow mabhero, izvo zvinoreva kuti "kuzvarwa muLondon," asi shanduro chaiwo unorira "vanoberekwa inzwi zvinorira kereke St Mary-le-Bow." Chokwadi chokuti ichi inozivikanwa chechi mumoyo neEngland guru.

Next - tsumo umo zvinoratidzwa tsika uye tsika British. Somuenzaniso, fungidzira idioms Chirungu zvakadaro shanduro: kutapudza mumwe akaenda dhenari * - siya hapana nhaka (kana nhaka akasiya chete shilling chete, saka chiito ichi chakaitwa ndeimwewo); kugara kumusoro (pazasi) munyu - kutora yakakwirira (pasi) pamwero mumagakava vakuru (maererano yekare Chirungu netsika munyu akaisa pakati netafura, uye vaenzi ava vagere maererano munzanga: anokudzwa - nokuti rokumusoro kuguma tafura, uye varombo - nokuti pasi).

Kwete pasina British zvitendero: zvakatsvodana ari Blarney ibwe - kuva murume kumeso (maererano nengano, uyo anotsvoda ibwe, iri yamambo muIreland Blarney, nguva anova muridzi chipo chokutaura, kumeso).

Bhaibheri

Phraseological nhaka huru mumutauro Chirungu zvakasiya Bhaibheri uye mukuru Vilyam Shekspir.

Kuwanda "biblicisms" kana yemubhaibheri yakatarwa mashoko, iguru kuti wozvinyora - zvikuru nyore. Nokuti mumwe kupfuura rinoshandiswa Chirungu ano zvinogona kuverengwa zvinotevera mashoko: kutakura munhu muchinjikwa - kuti atakure muchinjikwa; kuuraya mhuru yakakodzwa »- rinoreva kubaya masero mafuta (nyaya musangano anopambadza), kuti ndiye noushamwari; kuti vanodzvara mhepo uye chamupupuri - vanodzvara mhepo - kukohwa dutu, vakabhadhara chaizvo nokuda zvakaipa; kugara pasi kwomunhu pomuzambiringa uye muonde - rinoreva kugara pasi ake pomuzambiringa uye pomuonde, zvinoreva kuti agare pamba murugare uye vakachengeteka, kuva musha.

Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti vazhinji zvinokosheswa Chirungu phraseological vamapoka mubhaibheri mavambo asatenderwe wavo bhuku-kumumvuri, nokuda reconsideration ngano yemubhaibheri pamusoro nguva, uyewo kusiya zvimwe archaisms uye kushandura kurongeka mashoko.

Vilyam Shekspir

Chimwe rukoko chinokosha - a "Shakespearianism" kureva, kugadzikana mashoko chokuita mabasa Shakespeare. nhamba yavo zvachose ane vanopfuura zana dzakabatana. Somuenzaniso, midsummer kupenga - kupenga (mutambo "nemiviri Night"); saradhi mazuva - duku-nyoro, inguva vaduku rushoma (mutambo "Antony uye Cleopatra"); kuti ndiwane yendarama pfungwa - kukonzera yezvisikwa kuyemurwa (mutambo "Henry IV») nevamwe vakawanda.

Pane zvakare kunge dzimwe kusimuka kubva murugwaro pamusoro munyori wemitambo guru: permutation, zvinoderedza mitsetse, kutsiva mamwe mashoko nevamwe. Zvisinei, pane zviitiko apo imwe shoko refu dzemamongi zvisingachashandiswi, asi rwakaramba rakaramba yaro yepakutanga pakuonekwa, mutengo mu "Shakespearianism". Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiyo turnover kubva ane bourne hapana mufambi unodzokera - kubva muumambo rufu, hapana asi akadzoka, inoramba hwake archaism bourne - muganhu muganhu.

Chirungu Literature uye History

Chirungu dzenhoroondo mabhuku, mumwe angati, akaita mupiro wakakura kuti kukura ezvinhu Chirungu Mitsara. Kuwedzera Shakespeare, vanyori vakadai Dzhefri Chosser, Aleksandr Poup, Walter Scott, Dzhon Milton, Charles Dickens nevamwe vazhinji zvabatsira Chirungu wokufananidzira mari. Somuenzaniso, kuti abate smb. dzvuku chinhu (Valter Skott) - kubata dzvuku chinhu tora panguva mhosva kuitika; kuwira pamusoro mazuva akaipa (Dzhon Milton) - Mazuva vatema, kuti eke panze wenhamo kuvapo muurombo; bhegi mapfupa (Charles Dickens) - ganda uye mapfupa, kuti apera; murume Chishanu (Defoe) - Chishanu; Muranda akatendeka.

In chete boka vakachengeta vakawanda phraseological dzakabatana, sorutivi izvo pane mazita wakakurumbira, anokudzwa Varungu: Hobson nezvakasarudzwa - chisarudzo ndisingadi, kumanikidzwa sarudzo (Robson - Muridzi stables mu Cambridge nenhanhatu remakore yaida vatengi ayo kutora chete nebhiza, inova pedyo kune mbudo)

nokukwereta

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, chikwereti phraseological dzakabatana mu Chirungu zvakawanda, uye naivowo unogona kukamurwa subgroups. Pakutanga vari inogona kuenderera tichimhanya, kamwe kuyambuka gungwa vokuUnited States uye noushingi kuisa rutsoka pamhenderekedzo Albion. Izvi anonzi Intralanguage nokukwereta. Kazhinji, vari chokuita unyanzvi mabasa nevanyori American: wemasimbaose dhora (W. Irving) - imwe chibhende okuti "wemasimba dhora"; wokupedzisira hurray (O'Connor) - swansong, wokupedzisira hurray; wokupedzisira Mohicans (F. Cooper) - mumwe wevaya "idioms Russian-Chirungu", sezvo ine ishamwari yayo mumutauro wokuRussia - wokupedzisira Mohicans, wokupedzisira mumiririri, uye vamwe.

Kunewo mufanidzo yekare - idioms, apinda mutauro Chirungu kubva mumapeji Vanyori vekare, uyewo kubva ngano wokuGirisi yekare uye Roma: achiles 'chitsitsinho - simba gwapa, kuti achilles' chitsitsinho; mboni kupesanisa - kukonzera kuvengana kana bopoto, pfupa kukakavara; yendarama zera - kubudirira nguva kumutsidzirwa, dzendarama zera.

Wozotevedzera uchiburuka nokukwereta kubva French, German, Spanish, Dutch, Chinese, Danish, Languages Russian: havi kunouya kudya (Fransua Rable) - havi kunouya nokudya; ropa uye simbi - Shona "simbi uye ropa" nenzira yokureva "shingirira kushandisa simba '(maitiro dzemitemo Bismarck mutemo woutsinye zvikuru vavengi kushamwaridzana nyika German); kurereka pa mahwindimiri (Cervantes) - pakurwisana mahwindimiri; yakaipa Duckling (Andersen AH) - ndakashata Duckling kunze anoyevedza, asi mukati mutsa uye vachiteerera, yotunga nechokunze, asi gare gare chisingatarisirwi divi yokutanga; Murume vachirwara Europe - chitaurwa ichi inogona kunzi muchikwata che "idioms wokuRussia mumutauro Chirungu," uye rinoreva "murume vachirwara Europe" (zvinonzi kuchanzi kuna Nicholas I, uyo akakudanai sezvo Turkey).