Homonymous zvikamu kutaura: tsanangudzo, chiperengo, mienzaniso

"Isu tine, kuti ndiye - dzimwe nguva vanogona kudya, apo vamwe vangava, asi vagere pasina chingwa. Uye tine pano yatovapo, ndiko kuti, saka kana izvi ane chokudya -! Saka tinokutendai denga ". Enyambo detembo "tositi" ne Chirungu nyanduri Robert Burns vakachengeta kurwisana chaiye mashoko "ipapo", izvo mumwe nyaya rinoreva "kuva, kuti," uye mumwe - "kudya." Imhandoi hondo ichi: pakati ani uye chii? Meet - homonymous mukukurukurirana. Mienzaniso mberi.

homonyms

Between mashoko chero mutauro, uyewo pakati vanhu munharaunda, vakaona vamwe ukama, hunhu iyo rinoumbwa maererano akaratidza tsika lexical dzakabatana izvi uye avo phonetic kugadzira. Nokudaro ine mhando nhatu zvinokosha: zvakafanana, antonymous, homonymous. With zvapedzisira tiri kunzwisisa. Saka chii homonym muchiRussia?

Musimboti mananara akadai homonymy, ndiye ani, masanga nokurira - inzwi mufananidzo maviri kana kupfuura mashoko azere musiyano tsika. Pano pane zvimwe kupesana mumba zvinotevera mumapoka:

• Lexical homonyms, kana - zvizere (chiedza - chiedza simba, chiedza - nyika, zvakasikwa, nyika);
• Kukwana, izvo zvaizoitawo akakamurwa mhando. Pakati ekupedzisira Munokudzwa: homophones kana homonyms phonetic - siyana zvakunoreva uye chiperengo, asi zvakafanana ruzha (mamakisi - zvibodzwa uye bhora - kutamba manheru); homographs - yakasiyana, inzwi, asi chete chiperengo (memauto - kuvaka uye zvechizarira - akakiya mudziyo); omoformy kana morphological homonyms - siyana zvaanoreva, dzimwe nguva ndeve zvikamu pakutaura, asi zvakafanana ruzha chete mune zvimwe morphological siyana.

Pano, mubvunzo kuti ndiwo homonyms mumutauro Russian, vakaisa pfungwa, uye achagara morphological homonyms.

Chokwadi zvivakamutauro homonyms

Uyu zvakarurama guru uye siyana boka homonyms, rinova rakakamurwa mhando. Chaizvoizvo zvivakamutauro homonyms - a lexical dzakabatana akafanana zvose inzwi uye kunyora, asi kuva zvakasiyana zvikamu kutaura, uye, naizvozvovo, akasiyana lexical zvinoreva, morphological, zvivakamutauro features, basa iri mutongo. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "kuti" inogona: interrogative kana hama chokuti ( "akanga achitarisira kumashure kamuri?"); dudzirachiito rinoreva "sei", "chii", "sei", "nokuti chero chikonzero" ( "Ko iwe kuverenga bhuku rakanaka?"); Union ( "Ndakakuudzai ndakanga kuenda Africa, asi hamuna kutenda"); PARTICIPLE (yemanyorero kushandiswa pakutanga nhetembo).

dzimwe mhando

Iri boka homonyms - omoformy kuzviita kukasawedzerwa kutukana majoko kuti anosanganisira vose lexical uye girama nekungorora. Ndiyo homonymous mukukurukurirana. Sezvo vachiti, chii uye chii Inodya? Zvinofanira kukurira chimwe nechimwe.

adverbs

Homonymous mativi kutaura vanofanira kusiyanisa pakati pavo, uye pane dzimwe nzira yokuita izvi. Somuenzaniso, kune tumitauro zhinji, izvo zvinofanira kusiyaniswa kubva homonymous emazita, adjectives, gerunds, zvisazitasingwi. For chii? Nokuti zvechokwadi kushandisa mukutaura uye zvekungofungira chiperengo zvikanganiso, nekuti izvi Vakaroorana vari raidudzwa chete, asi zvakasiyana semantics uye chiperengo.

The vaitaura dudzirachiito wakasiyana kubva pazita pamberi kana kusavapo kuzvimiririra shoko. Shoko iri, panguva yechipiri - kwete. Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "(pa) pamusangano": "Aitambudzika tsoka dzake mberi" - imwe dudzirachiito zvinoreva "mberi"; "My Zvaunotarisira kusangana mutana shamwari hachina" - on (akamirirwa kwenguva refu) musangano pamwe nemataundi neshoko "shamwari", mumwe pazita chete rokuti. The ichocho kusiyanisa pakati imwe dudzirachiito uye chipauro. Somuenzaniso, "(pa) -osennemu": "Zuva rakanga kupenya mumatsutso" - ane dudzirachiito, yakarurama chiperengo ane hyphen; "In Mumatsutso denga leaden makore dzakamhanya-mhanya" - imwe chipauro kunobva rokuti "Mwari" uye anobvumirana nawo munhurume, nhamba uye zvazvingava, rokuti zvakanyorwa yoga.

Asi delimitation pamusoro adverbs uye zvikamu basa pakutaura, sezvo nezvimedu, Zvireva mwene, conjunctions, chete unofanira kubvunza mubvunzo pasi, uye osimudza fanano. Somuenzaniso, tora shoko "kare": "Kare pematanho nomufaro akamhanya vana" - sechikonzero kwete mubvunzo, zvinokwanisika yokutsiva "pamberi, shure"; "Kumhanya pedyo, akadanidzira" - imwe dudzirachiito zvinoreva "pedyo, pedyo, pedyo."

mibatanidzwa

Tikaramba kufunga Chiitiko pamusoro morphological homonymy. Mairi yakawanda yakaoma, zvikuru yakaoma nyaya, kusanganisira chiperengo uye homonymous zvikamu kutaura. Mienzaniso kuchabatsira kuona uye kunzwisisa kusiyana navo.

Cherechedzai inofanira kubhadharwa kuti conjunctions akadai "kuti, nekuti, zvakanaka, zvakare, nokuti, Ukuwo." Panguva Union "kuti" rine mukoma waro homonymous - mu mubvunzo-iri hama chisazitasingwi "chii" uye PARTICIPLE "kuti". How kusiyanisa kwavari? Haukwanisi kudzivirira chiperengo chikanganiso. Chekutanga, kana PARTICIPLE "kuti" kuwana yakaderera, kana kune chimwe chikamu chirevo, uye shoko "kuti" pavanoedza pazita, mumwe chisazitasingwi iri mberi kwedu. Somuenzaniso: "Chii iye achaswedera? - Ko iye achaswedera? - Ndezvipi iye achaswedera? - The mufananidzo Aizova SWEDERA "Zvino, chepiri munogona nguva imwe panzvimbo imwe kwomubatanidzwa. Tinoverenga: "Ndakauya kwamuri kutaura matambudziko yaungana. - ndauya kwauri nehurukuro pamusoro backlog nematambudziko. "

Uyewo, zvakare

Unions "uyewo" yakabuda dzino hakusi netsaona. Ivo, kufanana rapfuura "Heroes" ine homonymous mukukurukurirana - dudzirachiito pamwe PARTICIPLE "se" uye chisazita ane PARTICIPLE kuti "zvimwechetezvo." Kuti tinzwisise kuti zvakakosha kutsiva kwavo mibatanidzwa pamberi pedu, mumwe kana tikafunga "uye" ( "Tinoda ingano, naiyewo anofarira = = naiyewo anoda, uye iye anoda"). Ndiyo nzira yokutanga.

Rurimi uye PARTICIPLE chisazitasingwi "chete" anogona kusiyiwa kana kutsiviwa, uye muna Union - kwete ( "Aida zvimwechete uye isu = Aida kuti isu"). Mukuwedzera, mubatanidzwa hakusi mubvunzo, asi kune dudzirachiito uye chisazita - hungu. ( "Aida zvakafanana (chii?), Uye kuti isu, Iye akananga uyewo (sei? Sei?), Kana tikaita"). Ndiyo nzira yechipiri.

Asi, nekuti, nekuti

Achienderera mberi musoro, uye mudzokere kuna itsva, kwete zvishoma zvinonakidza pfungwa: fused uye vakaparadzana kunyora homonymous zvikamu Kutaura "asi, nokuti, nokuti." kodzero yavo kunyora pamwe chete, kana vari mibatanidzwa uye vachiravana - kana zvisazitasingwi pamwe Zvireva mwene. Sei kuziva kwavari? Unyanzvi vakafanana chakapfuura mienzaniso.

Pakazosvika mubatanidzwa anogona nguva dzose kusarudza mumwe mubatanidzwa, "asi - asi, nekuti - nekuti, nekuti - nokuti" ( "Iye Artist akaipa, asi (asi) munhu Decorator akanaka"). Munguva mubatanidzwa 'nokuti chokwadi, "chisazitasingwi chokuti" kuti, kuitira kuti "nyore nyore chikatsiviwa pazita kana chipauro uye akaisa kwavari mibvunzo kuhupenyu (" Ndinoda kuonga nokuda (nokuti chii?), Kuti mauya chedu zororo ")

Zvireva mwene

Chiperengo homonymous mativi kutaura (kurovedza kutarira mabhuku mumutauro Russian) - iri panzvimbo yakaoma musoro. Naizvozvo tichengete kudzidza nyaya hwakadzama.

Saka, Zvireva mwene nezvimwewo homonymous mukukurukurirana. Tinofanira kuyeuka kuti basa tuzvikonzero kusonganirana mashoko maviri kuti vaumbe mashoko. Vane non-rinobva uye rinobva. Chokutanga akarurama uye zvakafanira kuparadzana kubva homonymous mukukurukurirana. Heino mimwe mienzaniso:

• "The mufurati rakagadzirwa kuti mwedzi mumwe. - Zvinoshamisa, kwave kune unopinza vanobwembura murwizi ".
• "Taifamba zvose pamusoro Italy iri kosi romwedzi. - paiva zvisingatarisirwi zano mutsetse "The kuenderera yokufungidzira.
• "Nokuda kwokushaya nguva handina kupedza basa. - ndakabvunza zvaaireva ".
• "Pamusana pfungwa dzayo itsva isu vapedza basa iri. - The vaenzi zvishoma vakaparadzirwa, nemhaka hositesi kuti zvinoshamisa chisvusvuro ".

Kuti pane

Mutongo wemishonga "mukati" wokutanga - yaiwana pokumuwanira pamwe kupedza -e, sokushandiswa yokureva nguva uye anopindura mibvunzo "refu sei? apo? "Ari kunyimwa akazvimirira lexical zvinoreva, inokosha chokuita pazita. Kana yechipiri - the homonym "mukati" - ". Ari kukurumidza kuitika" mumwe pazita ane rokuti, nekuti unogona kuisa pakati ive chipauro Somuenzaniso, Nyora ndokuguma -uye maererano mukuru nemitemo declension ose emazita.

In chirevo wechitatu, tiri pakubata rokuti "iri kosi" pakupera pamwe netsamba -e. Kufanana wokutanga muenzaniso, ine ukoshi nguva novimba pazita. Wechina pfungwa "mu kuenderera" ari pazita pamwe rokuti, kubva Zvinoita kushandisa chipauro therebetween. Pamberi pedu chaiwo homonyms mashoko dzakasiyana-siyana kutaura.

Nezuva rechishanu musimboti, shoko "yakakodzera" zvakanyorwa pamwe chete, nokuti kunoratidza chikonzero uye, naizvozvo, ndizvo nekunyepedzera. Rechitanhatu mutongo, tichitaura nevanhu "anoreva" nzvimbo pazita ane rokuti uye kunyora ariega. "View" - iri kwokutanga chimiro, riri kureva mukati prepositional nyaya.

Panyaya wechinomwe, nomubvunzo kushandiswa rokuti "kuburikidza", nokuti hazvibviri kubvunza mubvunzo uye kuita pasina izvozvo. Zvino rorusere - sangana homonymous gerund "yakakodzera" nokuti nzira dzokuwedzera kuti pfungwa chiito, mumwe raidudzwa Predicate "mari", uye nezvimiro yoku ezviri anoshamisira.

Tinovimba kuti nyaya inoti "homonymous mukukurukurirana, tsanangudzo, chiperengo, mienzaniso" akubatsire zvose nezvinetso kudzidza mutauro wokuRussia.