Nhoroondo uye kusikwa kweATS

Makore matanhatu mushure mekuumbwa kweNATO, muna 1955, kusingapesana nekubatana, Warsaw Treaty Organisation yakaonekwa . Zvisikwa zveATS zvakaratidza denderedzwa idzva reCold War. Asi zvakadaro, nyika dzenyika dzakabatana dzakabatana pamwe chete kwenguva refu zvisati zvaitika. Mushure mokuguma kwehondo, muna 1945, makomonisiti akauya nesimba muEastern Europe . Izvi zvaive zvichienderana nekuvapo kwezvinhu izvi zvemaSoviet mauto, pamwe chete nemafungiro ehupenyu hwepfungwa. Kusati kwatangwa kweWarsaw Treaty Organisation, hukama huri pakati penyika dzevanhu hutsika hwakagadzirwa maererano nesungano dzekubatana uye ushamwari. Muna 1949 Bato reMutual Economic Assistance rakabuda. Zvisinei, kusikwa kweATS kwaive kwakakwana kweUSSR.

Nhengo dzechibvumirano chitsva ndeichi: USSR, Romania, Poland, GDR, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Albania neBulgaria. Chibvumirano chakaiswa chisimbiso kwemakumi maviri nemakore nekuwedzerwa kwakadzika kwemamwe gumi. Muna 1962 Albania yakarega kubatanidzwa muchikwata ichi nekuda kwekusawirirana kwezvematongerwe enyika. Muna 1968 akasiya zvachose.

Zvisikwa zveATS zvaive zvechiuto-zvematongerwe enyika. Izvi zvinoratidzirwa kunyange nehutano hwemasangano anotonga emugariro: mutemo wakabatana weVarwi vehondo uye yezvematongerwe enyika masangano akabatanidza mutemo wekune dzimwe nyika. Kuumbwa kweATS kwakaita basa guru rezvematongerwo enyika. Bhuku racho ndiro rakakosha iyo yakabatsira USSR kutonga nyika dzekambani yevanhu. Mumashoko ehondo, Chibvumirano chakanga chakakosha zvikuru. Masoja enyika dzakabatanidzwa nguva dzose aiita maitiro ekubatana, uye munharaunda yeEastern Europe inoti kune mauto ehondo eSUSS.

Muna 1968, nyika dzeOVD dzakabatanidza mashomanana kuCzechoslovakia kuvhara maitiro ehurukuro uye demokrasi yenyika ino, izvo zvingaguma zvichitungamirira kubuda kwacho kubva pachigumbu. Mumamiriro ezvinhu eCold War, yakanga isingagamuchirwi neUSSR kuti iparadze nyika yakakosha yekuchengetedza seCzechoslovakia. Zvisinei, dambudziko guru nderokuti dzimwe nyika dzaigona kutevera sutu.

Zvisikwa zveATS zvakagoverwa kuenzana kwevadzidzi vose. Zvisinei, kuenzana kwakagadzikana kwevamwe veSangano, avo vaifanira kuunganidza pamwe chete kutora zvematongerwe enyika nehondo, kwaingova kuonekwa. Soviet Union pamwe chete nedzimwe nhengo dzechibvumirano zvakasiyana zvishoma nehukama hwayo nehurumende dzavo. Zvisarudzo zvose zvinokosha zvakaitwa muMoscow. Nhoroondo yeATS yakachengetedza mienzaniso yakawanda yakadaro.

Apo panguva yeperestroika muU.SR pane kuchinja kwehutano, nyika yakasiya tsika yekudzivirira uye kupindira mukati mehupfumi hwevashandi vayo musangano. Muna 1985, nhengo dze bloc dzakawedzera huri huri mairi kune mamwe makore makumi maviri. Zvisinei, muna 1989, kuparadzwa kwakasimba kwesangano revanhu rakatanga. Ikoko kwaiva nehuwandu hwe "velvet revolutions" munyika dzevanhu, uye munguva pfupi nguva hurumende dzomunakomunisti dzadzimwa. Izvi, chaizvoizvo, zvakaparadza sangano reATS simba. Mushure mezviitiko izvi, chivharo chacho chakarega kuva nzira yakabatsira USSR kutonga nyika dzeEastern Europe. Muna 1991, Sangano racho rakazopedzisira ravapo pamwe chete nekuparara kwakakwana kwehukama hwevanhu.