ReRussia utsanzi kukura zano kusvikira 2020. State purogiramu Russian Federation

State chirongwa of Russian Federation rava huru chishandiso kugadzirisa matambudziko inokosha evanhu uye zvoupfumi. Innovation - chinhu chinokosha mari mberi chero nyika. Saka kukosha kudzidza nzira okukura youpfumi reRussia maererano utsanzi, zvinangwa uye nzira Implementation.

Chii utsanzi?

Nhasi, kune tsanangudzo dzakawanda utsanzi. Zvinotevera tafura inopa kuenzaniswa kuongorora huru dzimwe dzidziso dzaanofanira utsanzi zvakasiyana. Muvambi dzidziso Innovation Joseph Schumpeter akafunga kuti nokudzidza hunhu kuchinja chokuita mezofitpoyavleniem zvinhu zvitsva kana anouya upenyu hwevanhu, akarondedzera kumbovapo chinja utsanzi.

Yainyanya nayo akadura pfungwa utsanzi mune dzakawanda dzave anonzi Oslo Guidelines uye Frascati Manual. In zvinyorwa izvi, rakashandurwa zvinenge zvose mitauro zvenyika, pfungwa utsanzi iri zvichishandurwa somugumisiro webasa, sezvo itsva / kwakavandudzwa chigadzirwa, ruzivo kana muitiro inoshandiswa uchidzidzira.

Zvakagadzirwa kutungamirira guta yokuvandudzwa uye inosanganisira kwete chete utsanzi pacharo, asiwo nzendo zvakasikwa, Implementation uye kushandisa zvakagadzirwa kusangana kuchinja zvinodiwa nevanhu.

Ndezvipi zvakagadzirwa?

Innovation - wechiduku, kukura sainzi, saka pane nzvimbo dzakawanda weboka ravo mumapoka. Zvakagadzirwa dzinoiswa maererano hunhu chikumbiro, zvinokonzera, ukuru simba pamusoro kudhinda kana mumwe muitiro. Vazhinji vakabvuma kushandisa inotevera kupatsanura pakati zvakagadzirwa :

1. Product zvakagadzirwa. Vari nezvezvaiitwawo kugadzirwa uye okusuma zvigadzirwa zvitsva. Saka pane ndiro rine chokwadi romugove pamusoro kudiwa mune zvoupfumi mupfungwa. Innovativeness zvibereko zvinogona dzinoratidzwa emari Russia munguva Soviet nguva.
2. Kwesayenzi zvakagadzirwa. Vari anowanzonzi Process, sezvo vari nechinangwa kunatsiridza pezvakaitwa uye kuwedzera kunyatsoshanda. Kwesayenzi zvakagadzirwa kakawanda kupfuura mari, sezvo vanogona vaunze mari pamusoro sale, pasina kurasikirwa utility muridzi.
3. Social utsanzi. Izvi Kuchinja maumbirwo kwenzanga uye ukama neimwe munzanga boka. Vari aiwanzotanga kuchinja kukoshesa munharaunda Somuenzaniso, kuwedzera basa anobatsira munzanga basa sezvo zvichienzaniswa zvinofarirwa revashandi.
4. Managerial zvakagadzirwa. Nyorawo kero update kuti kurapa sangano.
5. Economic zvakagadzirwa. Kunyatsobatsira upfumi kukura yose uye muitiro kushanda pamusika mamiriro chaiwo mabhizimisi sangano.

Mutemo uri kuronga pokumuka zvakagadzirwa muRussia kusvika 2020

Pamutemo yemibvunzo zvesainzi akatanga kukura kare nhasi. Kunyange Soviet nguva, isu akakurukura mitemo zvoupfumi hwevakuru ehurumende, kusanganisira mirayiridzo upgrading inokosha maindasitiri munyika. Senzira kuchinja izvi zvave nevakawanda utsanzi vaitaura kubva vashandi kuwedzera kubudirira Implementation pakati kuvhiyiwa. Zvakanga nyore uye zvakachipa nzira zvinokurudzira vanhu vasiri mureza yokusvika basa ravo uye kuti imwe mari bhajeti zvakananga pasi kuti ndivandudze workflows kuti auye zvaioneka chaizvo.

Kukura utsanzi iri mumashoko nemirau, uye chinonyanya kukosha izvi raiva "Russian Innovative Development Strategy kusvikira 2020", December 8, 2011 kunotenderwa Federal Hurumende № 2227-p.

Rakagadzirirwa yekudyidzana mamiriro youpfumi yedu, nokuti zvitsva kwevari zviripo uye kwesayenzi zvinoumba basa, uyewo kupa mukana kune Russian dzidzo zvekutepfenyura kukwikwidzana nenyika vatungamiriri mumunda uyu.

Zvinangwa uye Zvinangwa

"Innovative Development Strategy weRussia kusvikira 2020" anosarudza dzinokosha nzira uye zvigadziriswe pakati mazuvaano uye uvandudze pakati utsanzi mutemo wenyika yacho. Rine anokosha chaitwa zviratidzo, izvo aronga kuitwa 2020. Vanogona siyana zvichienderana Implementation zviyero vakaisa pasi nzira.

Zvikurukuru, zvinonzi aronga kuwedzera uwandu maindasitiri emakambani, izvo zvichaita kuti nokuwedzera kunze kwenyika uye mugove Russia muna dzemarudzi mumisika ose michina mitsva. Sezvo nechiidzo rinoratidzawo mwero uye kusvika ataura Russian masayendisiti mabhuku endangariro dzakawanda sayenzi. Development uye patenting yokuzvininipisa dzidzo yepamusorosoro chiri kupiwa vainyatsotarisirwa.

Implementation nzira

Russian utsanzi kukura zano rinosanganisira zvinotevera mabasa:

• Okusuma itsva ruzivo muhurumende masangano, mamiriro-nemari masangano.
• Mazuvaano ose evanhu zvinhu nemaitiro mumunda sayenzi, ruzivo, utsanzi uye dzidzo.
• Kurudziro uye kweiyi itsva mabhizimisi.
• Kupindura Russia ari munyika dzakawanda itsva mazano uye kusikwa masumbu utsanzi.

Strategy "Innovative Russia-2020" achaita chinozoiswa kufungisisa zvinokosheswa muzvigadzirwa dzimwe kumatunhu munyika uye inobudirira hurumende rutsigiro voga zvebhizimisi mumunda matsva zviitiko.

Huru zvigadziriswe Implementation kuti nzira iyi yakatanga chirongwa panguva yeUnited pamwero nesayenzi uye michina wezwi, uyewo nepurogiramu kwematunhu uye refu-refu kuti kukura nesainzi, dzidzo uye utsanzi.

Ngozi chokuita Implementation pamusoro

State purogiramu Russian Federation havasi kubudirira pazvinangwa zvavo. Ndezvipi ngozi kuti nzira idzva itsva kusimudzira Russia kusvika 2020 vachava sauka?

Chokutanga, nemigumisiro yakaipa anogona kupa zvikonzero, nokuda zvimwewo zvinoitika:

• Infrastructural kuchinja.
• Vashandi kuchinja mu masangano inokosha uye hurumende midziyo.
• Financial Kusagadzikana hwenyika.

Chechipiri, pane yokusafa njodzi:

• Rinokosha kuchinja dzidzo, izvo kuchera muitiro rokuumba dzingangoitika zvesayenzi zvigadzirwa.
• Changing uwandu masayendisiti dzinokosha uye vakashandisa nesayenzi.
• The unopinza zvinoderedza mari dzidzo indasitiri.

"Innovative Development Strategy kweRussia kusvikira 2020" akagadzirirwa kutakura chaiye budiriro utsanzi ari mumhuri zvoupfumi uye nechokwadi zvinakire vokuRussia kwemakore anouya. The kuitika kuchinja dzidzo indasitiri sezvo pfungwa zvakare zvinopupurira hurumende yeRussia ichi mugumisiro.