Chikamu The yendarama masvomhu

Maumbirwe chinhu, iyo yakavakirwa nhamba yendarama reshiyo sezvo nekusimba nevanhu vanachiremba uye mathematicians, kunonzwisiswa nomurume sezvo runako uye kuwirirana. Chikamu yendarama iri masvomhu - ndizvo weboka chikamu chidimbu, kana rose chidimbu zvinoshanda dzakawanda nzira dzakawanda vaduku zvikamu.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pfungwa yendarama chikamu chokutanga hwakatangwa Achibvuma pfungwa yaPythagoras. Pane kufungidzira kuti ruzivo yake izvo yendarama chikamu masvomhu uye kwete chete ikoko, asi mapurani, kupenda, unyanzvi uye nezvimwe zvinhu zvizhinji, unobviswa vaBhabhironi nevaIjipiti. Kutaura zvazviri, nhamba mutemberi, mapiramidhi pamusoro Cheops, vamwe zvemumba zvinoratidza kuti vanatenzi weIjipiti vakashandisa nhamba yendarama reshiyo rokuvaka dzavo uye mukugadzira.

Plato, zvakare, aiziva yendarama chikamu. unozvitaura nyaya chokuita aesthetic uye akarongeka zvinoumba chikoro Pythagorean, kusanganisira matambudziko ari yendarama reshiyo mu "waTimio, akange" nhaurirano yavo.

Kukura of France temberi Parthenon akacherekedza pamberi yendarama kupesana. Munguva kupikidura yetemberi compasses vaakawana, yaishandiswa vavezi vemabwe uye ezvivako enguva Greece. Sezviri rePompeii chinongedzo, iyo zvino iri miziyamu muna Naples, vakaisa naMwari zvinoenderana.

The kutaurwa ndarama weboka mumabhuku rekare, hwakawanda huripo, anogona kuwanikwa "Zvinoumba" pamusoro Euclid, iyo inopa kuvaka yendarama chikamu geometrically.

In Ages Europe, yendarama chikamu zvakavanzika vakaramba kunyatsoteerera pakavanda, nokungwarira vakachengetedzwa. Vaikwanisa kuzivikanwa kuti chokugutsikana chete.

Panguva Renaissance kufarira goridhe kupesana inowedzerawo. Great Artist uye musayendisiti Leonardo da Vinci, Chokwadi, asingagoni kukundikana kuziva Mwari zvinoenderana uye akahushandisa mumabasa avo. Uyezve, akatanga kunyora bhuku iri geometry, apo aida kuratidza zvinoshamisa yendarama reshiyo, asi zvakanga mberi mumongi uye mumwe yemasvomhu kukuru Italian Luca Pacioli, uyo muVenice muna 1509 yakabudisa bhuku "Huwandu Divine".

Medieval yemasvomhu Leonardo Pizansky (akaberekwa ca. 1170 -.... Mind ca. 1250), nani kuzivikanwa Fibonacci, aiva mumwe yakakurumbira nyanzvi iyoyo. Kokutanga muEurope, akashandisa pachinzvimbo sezviverengo Roman Arabic uye vakaona dzakatevedzana nhamba masvomhu, akazonzi Fibonacci zita. Zvinoita seizvi: 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21, ... zvichingodaro. The kutevedzana nhamba idzi inonzi dzimwe nguva Fibonacci nhamba. Golden Section anogona kuonekwa pano. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mumwe nomumwe kutevedzana nhamba sezvinotevera, kana yapfuura maviri muchirugu. Kana isu vagovane mumwe izwi iri kunoshamisa kutevedzana kwezviitiko yapfuura mumwe, tinowana nezvishoma kusvika kuna Fibonacci nhamba (P = 1,6180339 ...). Ndiro yendarama reshiyo Fibonacci nhamba akaratidza F. nhamba iyi, sezvo kuzivikanwa zvakanaka Pi = 3,1415 ... havana chaiwo ukoshi. Mushure grade pfungwa nhamba digits magumo. Saka Kunoratidza chikamu yendarama iri masvomhu. Saka anotanga akarongeka uye kwete chete zvishamiso. Kana isu vagovane mumwe rokuti kutevedzana inotevera, tinowana kuti nhamba 0, 6180339 ... Miracles kuitika zvakare - mushure grade pfungwa nhamba kudzokorora chaizvo zvose nenhamba F, wakarurama pamberi koma havafanire 1 asi 0. kwakadaro kwemasvomhu kutsanangura pano kwazvo. Uye ichi ndicho chete kutanga. Chikamu yendarama masvomhu uye kwete chete nayo inoshanda nezvishamiso, asi dzimwe nguva hatina cherechedzai.

Uyewo mune mapurani uye mimhanzi, masvomhu, nhetembo, zvoupfumi, uye marongerwo zvinomera zviri pamusika wemari, ari kukura nomuviri womunhu uye mitumbi yemhuka, zononoka nedhambakura mu makro uye Microcosm, zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa uye zvichingodaro, kusaverengeka ...

Saka, tinogona kufunga kuti Golden Ratio (Golden Section, zvinoenderana naMwari) aripo zvese zvakasikwa.