Chii kudzidza jogirafi pamusoro makondinendi uye nyanza? Makondinendi uye nyanza - chii?

Kunogona kuva pasi refu zvinhu zvakagara kuti vava vanotongwa yokudzidza sayenzi akadai jogirafi: makondinendi, makungwa, nyika uye vanhu, makomo, mapani, gungwa uye zvakawanda. Munyaya imwe chete chinotaura chete pamusoro mumakondinendi uye nyanza.

Chii kudzidza jogirafi pamusoro makondinendi uye nyanza?

kosi Izvi hazvo zviri nenzvimbo mumadhipatimendi ose chekare uye pedagogical kumayunivhesiti. Kazhinji, rinenge conventionally rakakamurwa musoro zvikamu zvitatu:

1. The jogirafi hwokuchamhembe makondinendi.
2. The jogirafi kwesango makondinendi.
3. The jogirafi nyanza.

We Kosi iyi pakati chikoro (giredhi 7th) ari.

Chii kudzidza jogirafi pamusoro makondinendi uye nyanza? Science ndehwokuti funga Regional zvinhu yezvakaita redu. Tiri kutaura kupfuura dzinongoitika zvivako Earth - makondinendi uye nyanza. Pakati izvi, geographers uye kukuwanira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzimwe nguva achienzanisa nomumwe zvikamu nyika pevhu.

The jogirafi pakati makondinendi uye makungwa - ndiwo chirango kuti kunokosha zvikuru kuti dzidzo kuchizvarwa chevechiduku. Pashure pezvose, pasina kunzwisisa zvikonzero vadzidzi vose venyasha zhinji hunhu Pasi haangavi dzidzo zvakatipoteredza, izvo zvinokosha chezvinonhuwira kuchikoro hurongwa.

Makondinendi uye nyanza - chikuru dzinongoitika enyika nyika

Makondinendi - ichi ndizvo kudzidza jogirafi pamusoro makondinendi uye makungwa mune zvose uye nechimwe. Zviri chikuru chaivo gadziriro yenyika, izvo rakaisvonaka muenzaniso nokudzidza mitemo dzinongoitika chero uye pezvakaitwa kuti atore nzvimbo yacho nenzvimbo hamvuropu.

Chii chinonzi kondinendi? Uyu yakaoma hombe, takapoteredzwa mvura mumakungwa kunhivi dzose. Nhanhatu makondinendi panyika anomira panze (mune dzimwe inoti - 5 kana 7). Remasangano aya nzvimbo - Eurasia, uye duku - Australia.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nyika uye gungwa vakagovera pamusoro penyika Pasi zvikuru gogonera (vanenge 30% 70%). Muna Northern Hemisphere nyika kubva muzana iri yepamusoro zvikuru, asi muna South - rwezasi 50 madhigirii zviri kushanda zvisiri (kunze zvitsuwa zviduku uye archipelagos).

makondinendi All dzakaparadzaniswa zvakawanda maturakiti mugungwa. All vashanu vavo panyika (mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti pane chete ina): Pacific (chikuru uye yakadzika vose munyanza), Atlantic (rakabvongodzwa) Indian (inodziya uye wakawanda), Arctic uye Southern. Kuvapo rokupedzisira gungwa chete kunokonzera gakava zvikuru pakati pemasayendisiti.

Algorithms kudzidza makondinendi uye nyanza

Makondinendi uye nyanza, avo hunhu kudzidza Regional Geography zano zvakajeka. Somuenzaniso, imwe ongororo uye rondedzero yacho inosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera:

• nenzvimbo mamiriro ezvinhu kondinendi;
• hunhu nemhenderekedzo, kusanganisira yokunyanyisa pfungwa venyika;
• Geological marongerwo uye kwakaita nzvimbo yacho yendima;
• zvicherwa kondinendi subsoil;
• okunze zvinhu;
• pemvura (nzizi, madziva, chando, etc ...);
• dzinongoitika zoning.

Uyewo, makungwa vari kudzidza pasi mumwe urongwa, zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvinotevera:

• nzvimbo;
• bottom zororo uye chicherwa pfuma;
• okunze pamusoro penyanza;
• Tsika yomugungwa dzenzvimbo;
• Organic nyika Ocean;
• kushandisa zvikurukuru kwoupfumi mvura munzvimbo.

In mhedziso ...

Zvino munoziva kuti kudzidza jogirafi pamusoro makondinendi uye nyanza. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mukuru pamapoka, izvo vanodzidziswa ari kuyunivhesiti kuti kudzidzisa vasayendisiti uye geographers uye vadzidzisi. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha chirango ichi - ona kiyi zvinhu uye mitemo yezvakaita mumakondinendi ose uye nyanza dziri redu.