Chii idambudziko mumabhuku: tsanangudzo

upenyu romunhu kupendwa namavara akasiyana siyana dzimwe nguva dzisinganyatsooneki kwerima guru. Munhu wose ajaira kwakadai sokuti "kuvava rudo", "voluptuous rufu" kana "kuravidza kukunda." Mumwe nemumwe wavo musanganiswa chinhu tisingazvioni zvakajeka uye panguva imwe chete asingadi huripo here. Akadaro anodzidza uye dimikira kuratidzwa uremu hwevanhu mweya manzwiro uye zvakaitika kunoita kuti matsva Kutarira zvavo zvinhu, saka zvinoita hunogutsa uye mamwe mavara. Human kuchiva, manzwiro uye nemanzwiro ose kukura yebudiriro zvave chinangwa pfungwa vazivi mu emakore mangwanani, uye ipapo ita vatsvakurudzi itsva mweya womunhu - vanyori.

Chii chinonzi upenyu hwedu? ..

Zvechokwadi, chii? A akaisawo anongoitika zviitiko kana nguva kuurayiwa kamwe kwenguva dzose predefined dzinotaura? Joy upenyu, kana kuvava nokuziva nullity ake? Kazhinji, upenyu hwevanhu muunganidzwa manzwiro uye nezvekufadza, makara mu mataurire yakaipisisa pamberi chiedza uye anofara. Mumwe nomumwe mavara aya anodiwa kukwana maonero uye nezvekufadza kuvimbika zvenyika. Uye mabhuku anopa munhu chaizvo angadai kumbobvira kukwanisa kuona muupenyu chaihwo. Ndingadai ndisina nguva yakakwana, utano, uye zvizhinji ipapo.

Zviri anoonga mabhuku vanhu akadzidza uye ichiri kudzidza mafungiro. Achibatsirwa mabhuku Genres munhu anogona kusiyanisa Zvinosuruvarisa kubva kunonakidza, baseness pamusoro kutobaya uye zvakanaka kubva zvakaipa. kutanga Dramatic anogara chokuita nemanzwiro, nokuchiva. Kana zviri chin'a kuseka kana haawanzotauri kwakasara sobs - zvose mutambo chaiyo, asi ayo guises siyana.

Zvinosimbisawo mutambo chokwadi

In dodrevnegrecheskie nguva vanhu sezvineiwo pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda kuipa ngano, umo chete akataura heroism zvimwe yakakura vatambi. Achiri kuuya lyrical, evasingatombonamati private, kutanga iri goho womukati zvakaitika chokuita nepfungwa uye zvokunamata kusagutsikana, kana, Ukuwo, risingadzivisiki mufaro kwakaita pfungwa.

VaGiriki vekare aibatanidza Zvinyorwa izvi uye akasika mutambo (chaizvoizvo "chiito"), iro rine umhare uye lyrical hunhu mabhuku kare. The hwaro mutambo vakatanga kufara, yakatsaurirwa avo kana vamwe vanamwari, zviri, chokwadi, rudzi zvibayiro tariro yeramangwana zvinovaka uye vachifara upenyu.

Genres kuti rinonakidza - satyr kutamba, mutambo uye dambudziko - zvakaita kuti mabhuku kwava pedyo upenyu chaihwo, munhu chaiye, munhu chaiye, pane vemungano vanhu. Uye kwaiva budiriro. Nokuti chii idambudziko uye mutambo muGirisi yekare? Kutora pakutanga tsika nemitambo uye vachipemberera rokukudza Dionysus, njodzi uye mutambo achakurumidza kuva vamiririri chikuru chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo uye mabhuku Genres, achiratidza zvakakura chokuita mumagariro upenyu. Kusanganisa chaiyo, zvakakomba chikamu wokuva munhu, uye kunonakidza, "haradhi", iro raiva harbinger netariro migumisiro yakanaka uye mukukunda chiedza pamusoro murima, Genres izvi zvazova pokutangira kukura tsika, kwete chete vaGiriki, asi mamwe marudzi.

Njodzi kumavambo mumabhuku

Chii idambudziko mumabhuku? Tsanangudzo iyi izwi ari compressed muchimiro inotiudza kuti basa iri, iro rine kunoshamisa. Rinotsanangura uye anoongorora kunyatsotevera kutambura kana gamba, kana mhuri yake, asi nguva dzose kubva nemaonero unhu. kutambura uku kunofanira kwakasimudzirwa uye tsika. At paro ndiyo tsika nedambudziko chigadzirwa, kumanikidza muverengi kuti tsitsi huru hunhu uye zvakazadza nemaitiro ake.

Zvino, pazvakava pachena kuti njodzi yakadaro, munhu wose anogona nokungwaririra kuongorora mabhuku, yakanga verenga. Ngatiyeukei nedambudziko Renaissance, uye munguva ichangopfuura - yaitonga Soviet vanhu, izvo zvinoratidzwa zvose nokuzara kwayo musimboti wenyika Genre.

Dambudziko somunhu Genre

Chii dambudziko sechipiriso Genre ounyanzvi? Kusiyana evasingatombonamati mabhuku chimiro, Genre njodzi zvinoreva pechikuva kugadzirwa uye kunoratidzwa kwokupedzisira-njodzi. Zvaida mumwe tinoshandisa chaiyo ukama, dzinoratidzwa pezviri kuzvipokanidza magamba. Anoti zvekuratidza yakadzika uye chaiyo anoitika akapfuma chaizvo uye zvikuru zvikuru nzira. Uye zvokuti mukurwisana izvi uye chokwadi urwu kwavo, kuva mhando romubati zvinoreva, kazhinji pathetic chaizvo.

Nekuona kuti njodzi yakadaro muGirisi yekare, kuverenga mabasa rakanyorwa Aeschylus, Sophocles, kuenzanisa navo akazotevera vanyori, munhu anogona kuona mutsetse wakajeka chamazuva "mbudzi rwiyo" (the chairo shanduro nhamo), kuendesa mitemo yekare Greek yemitambo uri padariro XXI remakore.

High haagoni stilted

Asi pasinei zvose pathos yezvinhu zvinosuwisa zvinorondedzerwa akasiyana siyana mabhuku nyeredzi zvenyika, tisingatauri kuti haana michinjikwa pamusoro weumwe chikumbaridzo kupfuura izvo mutsetse pakati chokwadi uye yokunyepera. Haarambi tsiye achivimba kuti munyori ari mutakuri pfungwa, kudenha muverengi uye anonakidzwa nayo. Hakungavi tsika yokuti auraye zvinotyisa uye nomwoyo wose. Saka, mabhuku mukuru-mugiredhi uye dramaturgy nyara grandiloquence, nokudaro achipa chero chiitiko chinorwadza, njodzi gamba ari denderedzwa rechiedza kuti kutenda kwechokwadi asi kwete zvekunyepera.

Mabhuku segirazi nhoroondo

Chii idambudziko mumabhuku? Definition Takatambanudzira. Subject dzidzo zvizvarwa kuti zvinosuwisa kare kupfuura kare pokumuka muzvizvarwa zvaizotevera. Hongu, kwete nguva dzose zvaiva maitiro Somuenzaniso, kuti nguva yokutanga emakore chiKristu, uye chamuita kuti chiedza mumabasa inoshamisa, akabatsirwa mumamiriro ezvinhu kana njodzi kutapwa magamba kunangana zvakaipa, kuvaka nzanga itsva noukama itsva, ndichazvirumbidza nhasi kudiwa. Asi inosuruvarisa mabhii kare vanogona kuwanikwa zvinhu uye vatambi vakawanda vakararama edu. Uye harisi chikonzero, kureva zvakafanana njodzi pamusoro Sophocles uye Aeschylus, ramba kuunza vatambi vatsva, akakwanisa kutsungirira zvose murima uye akafa uye nezvibhakera nzira rakajeka, yakachena uye utano!