Characters - chii ichi? Chinese uye Japanese kutaurwa uye zvaanoreva

Vamwe Hurongwa kunyora vane chiratidzo chinokosha pamusoro yavari yakavakirwa, hunhu. Mune mimwe mitauro, zvinogona kureva mabhii kana inzwi, mune mamwe - mazwi, pfungwa uye morpheme. inonzi "ideogram" zvikuru mune ekupedzisira nyaya.

Mumufananidzo pazasi inoratidza hieroglyphs yekare.

History of Character

Translated kubva zita "chimiro" Greek rinoreva "zvinyorwa zvitsvene." Figures nokuti nguva yokutanga chirongwa chakadai akaonekwa muIjipiti pamberi munhambo yedu. Chokutanga, vatambi vari akasarudzwa netsamba, kureva, vaiva ideograms, uye gare gare pakanga zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa nemashoko uye mabhii. Panyaya iyi anofadza ndechokuti chete emakonzonendi vakanga anoratidzwa vatambi. The zita kunobva mutauro wechiGiriki, sezvo vaiva vokutanga kuvaona pamatombo tsamba risinganyatsozivikanwi. Kutonga nezvinooneka yaMakoronike veIjipiti uye dzimwe ngano, mabhii vakanga yakagadzirwa mwari Thoth. Akavasika kuti achengetedze hwokunyora dzimwe ruzivo vakawana Atlanta.

An dzinonakidza ndechokuti kwakanga kare kuumbwa zvakazara muIjipiti chiratidzo kunyora. Zvose zvinoitwa, masayendisiti uye hurumende, asi nyore izvozvo. Kwenguva refu nguva vatambi vavo nechirevo havana pachena European vanhu. Chete muna 1822 Shapolon akakwanisa zvakazara kuongorora muEgipita nezviratidzo ari Rosetta Stone , uye kuwana Decryption yavo.

Muna 50-ies zviri XIX remakore, vamwe vaimbi kushanda manyorero expressionism uye tashizma zvakanga zvakasimba vaneshungu pamusoro East. Izvi zvinoitawo kuti kuitika, chokuita calligraphy Asian uye chiratidzo gadziriro. Kuwedzera muEgipita yekare, vaiva vanhuwo Chinese vatambi uye Japanese.

hieroglyphic ndimi

Nemhaka bhurasho (zvinhu vakabvuma kunyora zviratidzo), zvinokwanisika kuti vashongedze vatambi uye kuvapa mamwe kwezvokufuka chepamutemo chimiro. nhaka uri wakanaka kunyora inonzi calligraphy. Zvakajairika muJapan, Malaysia, South uye North Korea, China, Vietnam. Vagari venyika idzi unyanzvi kuzivikanwa akanyatsoti se "mumhanzi maziso." Panguva iyoyowo kazhinji inoshanyirwa kuratidzira uye makwikwi vakazvitsaurira kuna yakaisvonaka kunyora.

Characters - ichi handicho chete kunyora hurongwa dzimwe nyika, asi uyewo nzira kuratidza pachavo.

ideographic chinyorwa

Ideographic kunyora hurongwa iri parizvino richiparadzirwa chete China. Pakutanga, zvakanga akazviratidza kuti zvive nyore kunyora, kuti rakanyatsorurama. Asi muitiro ndakacherechedza chimwe drawback: kwakadaro kunyora hurongwa haana zvakabatana. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kusiya kubva muupenyu vanhu. Zvino ideographic chinyorwa inechirevo Chinese vatambi. Uye avo kukosha akafanana zvikuru tsaru. Musiyano chete iri kunyora muoti.

Chinese kunyora

Chinese Manyorero kunyora mabhii kuti kureva munhu mabhii uye mashoko, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa. It yakaumbwa muna II remakore BC. Pari zvino pane vanopfuura zviuru 50. Zvisinei, Signs, zviuru chete 5 kushandiswa. Kare, manyorero uku yaishandiswa kwete China asiwo Japan, Korea, Vietnam, kushanda chaizvo simba riri paumbwe tsika dzavo. Chinese vatambi vanoumba hwaro National mugadziriro zviratidzo. Uye kusvikira zvino, vari kushandiswa nevakawanda.

Mabviro Chinese kutaurwa

Kukura Chinese kunyora haina chete zvinoratidzwa rudzi rwose, asi yaiva kwakabatsira unyanzvi nyika. Muzana XVI remakore BC akaumba vatambi. Nepo vanhu zvakanyorwa pamapfupa uye kamba anoshongwa. Nemhaka Zvakafukunurwa matongo uye zvakanaka zvichengeteke zvisaririra, masayendisiti zvakava nyore kuti kunze tsamba yekare. vanopfuura zviuru 3. zviratidzo akawanikwa, asi hapana mhinduro dzakapiwa chete anenge 1 zviuru. The ano ezita manyorero uku vawana chete pashure wakakwana paumbwe kutaura. Chinese vatambi - nayo ideography, zvinoreva shoko kana mabhii.

Japanese kunyora

Japanese kunyora hurongwa hunobva syllabic uye earufabheti vatambi. About 2 zviuru. Characters vakanga akakweretwa kubva Chinese vanhu kuti vashandise mativi avo mashoko kuti handishanduki. Vamwe zvakanyorwa kushandisa if (syllabary). Zvinonzi huviri zvokusarudza: Katakana uye hiragana. Chokutanga rinoshandiswa kuti mashoko anobva mimwe mitauro, uye wechipiri - evasingatombonamati Japanese. nzira iyi zvaiita zvakakodzera zvikuru.

Kazhinji, eJapan mabhii ari tsamba verenga kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi, pane nyaya chinjikira kunyora. Dzimwe nguva pane mirayiridzo kubva kumusoro kusvikira pasi uye kodzero kuruboshwe.

Mabviro Japanese kutaurwa

The Japanese kunyora hurongwa rakavapo kuburikidza kutongwa, kukanganisa uye anoitwa. Vanhu vakanga zvakaoma kushandisa magwaro chete Chinese. Zvino paumbwe mutauro - nyaya tinyanye gakava. Dzimwe nyanzvi anokukonzera panguva kukunda vokuJapan muzvitsuwa, uye vamwe - kuti panguva Yayoi. Pashure pakatanga the Chinese rakanyorwa mutauro kutaura rudzi kuchinja zvinoshamisa.

Muna 90-ies ari XIX remakore, hurumende rakadzokororwa ose vatambi, iro rinobatanidza mukomboni, mhando dzakawanda kunyora, uye akabvumira kushandisa zvidimbu 1800 chete, kana chokwadi paiva zvakawanda zhinji. Zvino nokuda pokudzora American uye nezvimwe tsika dzokuMadokero yave chinenge rapera pakutaura pamutemo anova nezvahunoreva akariposhera. Nokuda musiyano ichi pakati tumitauro kwakadzikira.

The chidzoke kunyora enyika muJapan

Kana hurumende Japanese yakasarudza kuumba mitauro gadziriro, vatambi okutanga (ichi inzira yake chikuru) yakatorwa Chinese kunyora. Chiitiko chacho chaiva nokuti kuti munguva dzekare dziri muzvitsuwa Japanese kazhinji kurarama Chinese wakakubudisai zvakasiyana zvinhu, zvinhu uye mabhuku. Hazvizivikanwi panguva iyoyo yokukudziridza yako vatambi Japanese. Zvinosuruvarisa pachiitiko ichi izvi zvinenge haana kurarama.

Kukura chiBuddha munyika kunooneka zvakasimba mune zvokunyora. chitendero ichi akauya kuburikidza Korean Embassy, iro vakasvika munyika uye chakaunza akasiyana-siyana zvivezwa uye Buddha ndima. kokutanga pashure zvizere Implementation Chinese kunyora muupenyu Japan, vanhu kunyora mashoko yokumwe. Zvisinei, pashure pemakore mashomanana pachava kusanzwa, sezvo mutauro rudzi pachake akanga siyanei uye nyore. Matambudziko vakasikwa vo kunyora mazita zvakakodzera, apo Chinese vanotaurwa anoshandiswa. It vagara kunetseka Japanese. Dambudziko iri ichi: mumutauro Chinese hakuwaniki sezvo mashoko uye ruzha, izvo zvaifanira hwakanyorwa gwaro.

Pfungwa Makakamura mashoko Japanese chaiwo wandei nhengo kuti musoro, akanga akaipa chaizvo. Panyaya iyi, kuverenga chaiko aifanira kukanganwa. Kana usiri kutsauswa pfungwa yokuti mashoko shoko vanofanira dzinounzwa kuti muverengi kunzwisisa kuti ari pakubata mashoko, zvinoreva izvo zvinogona kungotariswa. Chinetso ichi aripo kwenguva refu, uye zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vagadzirise, pasina kubva Chinese kunyora.

Mamwe masayendisiti pakupedzisira vakatanga kugadzira anokosha zviratidzo izvo munhu aigona kuverenga rugwaro akanyorwa Chinese mu Japanese. Calligraphy zvaireva kuti mumwe nemumwe anofanira kuiswa panzvimbo riine mativi mana akaenzana, kuti varege kutyora kumuganhu tsamba yose. The vokuJapan vakasarudza kuiganhura vachiita akawanda zvikamu, chimwe nechimwe chinoita dzichipfekeka basa. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, vatambi (Chinese) avo zvainoreva Japan akatamira zvishoma nezvishoma kure kupinda yokukanganwa.

Kukai - murume (maererano nengano) akasika hiragana (arufabheti Japanese pakutanga). Nokuda kukura mumunda kutaurwa zvakasikwa rinokosha hurongwa kunyora, yakavakirwa phonetics. Papera chinguva, kuburikidza kurerutsa mhando Katakana vatambi yakaonekwa, iyo zvakasimba vapinda kushandiswa.

Japan akatovaregerera akakweretwa panguva akarayira achinyora China pamusana nenzvimbo napedyo. Asi kutanga uye kuchinja vega iconic zviratidzo, vanhu vakatanga kugadzira rokutanga vatambi Japanese. The Japanese aisakwanisa Chinese manyorero zvayo yepakutanga chimiro Zvisinei, kana chete nokuti hapana inflections. In mutauro uyu, kukura haarambidzi. Kana rudzi akasangana nemamwe gadziriro (kwakavakirwa Chinese vatambi), ndiko nekutora kwavo zvinhu kunyora akaita mutauro wavo zvikuru nemamwe.

Kukurukurirana pamwe Russian mutauro vatambi

Zvino mukurumbira chaizvo nyora ari muchimiro Japanese uye Chinese vatambi. naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti kuziva zvinoreva hieroglyphs pamusoro Russian, asati stuffing vave muviri wangu. Zvakanaka kushandisa ndivo kuti zvinoreva "zvakanaka", "mufaro," "rudo" uye zvichingodaro. Pamberi kushanya kune nyora Artist zvakanakisisa kuongorora zvinoreva mashoko akawanda.

Mugore mutauro wokuRussia nyika somunhu Parody chakakurumbira vatambi Asian. vatambi Russian havapo pamutemo, asi chete aonekwa mapeji pasocial network. Zvinokonzerwa guru mupfungwa Internet vanoshandisa. Kazhinji, zviratidzo izvi regai kutakura anokosha uye tiripo chete varaidzo. Uyewo akazogadzira mutambo, iyo inobva pakuti zvokufungidzira iro shoko iri encrypted mune vamwe vanotaurwa.