Bowel chirwere: Zviratidzo uye kurapwa. Zviratidzo bowel chirwere

Pathological pezvakaitwa kukanganisa bowel, kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye mukutanga mumatanho asiri vakanetseka varwere. Ndokusaka vanhu kazhinji tisina zvakakwana mune zvoutano, sokuvapo chirwere asingadi kupinda chirwere muchimiro. Ndezvipi zviratidzo inoratidza chirwere uye sei kurapa imwe intestinal chirwere, tigokuitira pamwe.

Intestinal zvirwere vari boka anogumbura pezvakaitwa kuitika muura uye ura diki. Somugumisiro, siyana zvinoodza zvinhu uye rive dete kunoitika lesion mucous Kamudzira lining zvomukati. Matambudziko bowel vaibatanidzwa gastroenterologists.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kukura intestinal pathologies

Zvirwere mudumbu uye ura nokuda chiito pamusoro muviri kunaka zvinokonzera kuti, uye mune zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko, chikonzero kuzvimba vamwe chimwe ezvinhu. The zvakawanda siyana zvikonzero panguva sei muviri, asi zvakaoma zvikuru zvichaita mberi chirwere uye, naizvozvo, kuoma zvichava kurapa naye.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kukura chero abnormalities ari ura, zvinosanganisira:

- kutyorwa kwekodzero dzokuremekedza zvokudya;

- immunological zvirwere;

- mupfungwa kugozha uye kushushikana ezvinhu;

- nemagene chinhu;

- nokusarovedza muviri;

- gastro-nemavhairasi chirwere;

- mumwe kwemabhakitiriya intestinal chirwere;

- doro, kusvuta;

- kutora zvimwe zvinodhaka (semuenzaniso, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya).

Zvirwere ura duku zvinosanganisira enteritis (intestinal pathologic nyonganyonga functionality), carbohydrate kusashivirira, gluten enteropathy (simuka nokuda kwokushayiwa anodiwa makemikari mumuviri), sema vascular uye intestinal chirwere, Whipple chirwere, uye vamwe. Vose vanotanga kukura kwavo nokuda kutyora kuvimbika kana mucous Kamudzira nokushatiriswa lining vaduku ura nokuda zvokudya kukodzera kana kutora zvakananga mishonga.

Zvirwere muura zvinosanganisira colitis, kusanganisira maronda, Crohn, chirwere diverticulosis, uye zvimwe kutsamwa bowel namamota uye zvimwe zvirwere. Rakajairika anogumbura pezvakaitwa munzvimbo iyi zvinokonzerwa munhu noutachiona, asi asingaiti haabatanidzi nyaya apo chikonzero rinova kosi refu inorwisa mabhakitiriya, zvirwere zvokudya uye zvichingodaro.

Zvirwere ura duku

Kana totaura bowel chirwere, zviratidzo uye kurapwa kuvimba kunaka zvinoita kuti pave ari zvokurwara. The duku ura ndiyo wakarebesa chikamu nemudumbu. Iye rinobatanidzwa Absorção de Água muviri zvokudya. Tichitarisa chirwere ari ura duku, zvakakodzera kufunga kwete chete zvinhu chitarisiko chavo, asi anofambidzana hwavo zvakasiyana. Izvi zvichaita kuti murwere kuti vagadze kupfuura rakakodzera mishonga.

Anogumbura pezvakaitwa yomuka ari ura duku, rinonzi enteritis. The chirwere Kazhinji chakasimba kana chirwere. Kazhinji chinokonzera rikwanise enteritis ndiyo chirwere (chikafu chepfu, "chirwere namaoko tsvina", etc.). Typical zviratidzo duku bowel chirwere airatidza kwaita kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, manyoka uye dzimwe zviratidzo kudhaka, uyewo fivha, fivhiri. Utachiona ndiwo salmonella, korera uye mamwe majemusi tifoparatifoznoy boka. For chisingaperi enteritis dzinoratidzwa kwemabhakitiriya uye protozoal zvirwere, akasiyana-siyana kusagadzikana dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri. A chepfungwa chirwere muchimiro enteritis ndechokuti kwayo pakurukurwa anogumbura kana anogumbura-dystrophic vachivavhiringidza, kuitika ura duku. Nokuda chirwere ichi mu dzevanhu kuva zvinetso zvomudumbu, pane kubereka vana pathogenic zvigare zviri ura duku, zvinoita kuti zvirwere uye metabolic nematambudziko.

Zviratidzo intestinal zvirwere

Kana bowel chirwere zviratidzo uye kurapwa kuvimba ukuru kwokuomerwa kuzvimba, uye nzvimbo yaro nzvimbo. Zviratidzo zviri chirwere anogona anosiyana kubva nyoro kune zvikuru. Munguva zvinoshingaira chokutambudzika chirwere achiteverwa nguva kanganwiro. The kunotoda mufananidzo zviduku intestinal kuzvimba dzinoratidzwa anotevera zviratidzo:

- manyoka - dambudziko vanhuwo vanhu nezvirwere izvi;

- nefivha uye yakawedzerwa nepfungwa kuneta - kazhinji kana matambudziko pamwe muura muvanhu rinowanika fivha yakaderera-sosaiti, anonzwa ndapera uye kuvhiringidzika;

- abdominal marwadzo, chinyamunhari chinorwadza - kuzvimba uye ulceration pamusoro intestinal mucosa kungaita chakaipa kufamba zvokudya kuburikidza nemudumbu uye pakudaro marwadzo uye cramping;

- kuda kurutsa, kurutsa;

- kuvapo ropa chetsoka - kazhinji inoratidza womukati ropa pamusoro ura duku;

- ungaderedza Nzara - abdominal marwadzo uye chinyamunhari chinorwadza, uyewo kuvapo kuzvimba mumuviri, kazhinji kutekenyedzwa nzara;

- nokukurumidza uremu.

Clinic echirwere zvirwere ura duku anokonzerwa pave idzokororo manyoka uye malabsorption syndrome. Manyoka atsamwiswa hypersecretion nemvura karusiyamu ions mumuviri, intestinal giperekssudatsiey, vakawedzera osmotic kumanikidzwa uye kuvhiringidza intestinal mukati zvifambiso chaitika. Malabsorption chirwere chinhu pamusana idzokororo manyoka.

Chirwere chirwere siyana anorondedzera kupararira enteric syndrome (pakuonekwa zvisingafadzi nezvekufadza mudumbu kunharaunda kweguvhu). Mukuwedzera, murwere kunokuvadza kutinhira uye anobuda kunzwa mudumbu, bloating. Abdominal marwadzo angava spasmodic, cramping kana mikukutu hunhu. Kana marwadzo kuipa pashure pokudya, zvinoreva kuti chirwere kwapfuura ari kumhanya fomu.

Zvirwere huru ura

Zvirwere muura zvinosanganisira chirwere kuzvimba zvose kana zvikamu muura. Izvi anonyanya maronda colitis uye Crohn chirwere. zvirwere Vose vari chokuita zvikuru manyoka, zvinorwadza abdominal kurwadziwa, kurukutika uye uremu. Kana munhu vanofungidzirwa bowel chirwere, zviratidzo, uye kurapwa tinofanira kutsunga nekukurumidza, nekuti kusavapo zvakakwana mushonga kungaita kuti zviome zvinouraya.

Maronda colitis chinhu anogumbura chirwere chinokonzera ulceration pamusoro pamadziro muura yomukati. chirwere Crohn inozivikanwa nokuva kuzvimba mucosa ari nemudumbu, kuzvimba yemanyorero kunosvika vanyura nedambudziko rinenge uye kunogona sei gobvu uye diki ura. Collagen uye lymphocytic colitis tiri vaiona zvirwere muura, asi zvinowanzonzi yoga kubva dzenhoroondo anogumbura bowel chirwere.

Chaiwo zvinokonzera anogumbura bowel chirwere dzichiri kuzivikanwa. Kwekutanga pathological zvinhu zvinosanganisira kushushikana, kushungurudzwa zvokudya. Zvino vanachiremba vanoziva kuti zvikonzero izvi zvinogona achiipa, asi kwete kudenha dambudziko. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vakawanda muura chirwere muka kubva noutachiona, iyo chinopinda pamwe yakaderera yepamusorosoro nezvokudya, zvinodhaka, kugamuchira tupukanana. Uyewo, mumwe zvinoita chikonzero ndiyo nyonganyonga yacho masoja emuviri uye nhodzera. matambudziko Intestinal vo nokuda kuderedza midziyo ropa ari muura uye zvinopesana ropa rayo zvitengeswa. Kazhinji, chikonzero ichi ndizvo vakwegura.

Zviratidzo zvirwere muura

zviratidzo zvakawanda bowel chirwere anowanzoramba anoshandawo pamwe nemumwe. Mamirire zviratidzo zvinosanganisira abdominal kurwadziwa kana cramping zvakasikwa kungopotsera, zvinogoneka kurwadza kwacho. The pemvura chomukati zvinenge zvakazara muura maronda, izvo zvinogona achingobuda ropa. Varwere chokunyunyuta pamusoro mangwanani kuneta chetsoka neropa uye madzihwa kusunungurwa, kupererwa neropa (pamwe kurasikirwa yakawanda ropa), nounyoro majoini. Kazhinji chirwere chacho kusingadzoreki uremu, kurasikirwa kudya, nefivhiri, flatulence, kupera mvura mumuviri. Kazhinji murwere ane Kunetsana nokunobuda netsvina.

Zvakakosha kuti yakakura kudaro ura chirwere, zviratidzo kuti inogona kutorwa nezvimwe zvirwere, kwave akaonekwa mune nenguva nenzira. Pasina zvakakwana kurapwa murwere kwaizowedzera ngozi kutanga matambudziko (oncology, fistulas, intestinal ruptures uye intestinal mhingaidzo).

chisingaperi enterocolitis

Chirwere enterocolitis chinhu mawa kuzvimba sechinhu mutete uye guru ura, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva atrophy of mucous Kamudzira lining romukati penyika muura, izvo zvinokonzera kuvhiringidza intestinal ushande. Zvichienderana localization pakati kushoma hwakanaka classifying chirwere (enteritis) uye gobvu (colitis) nomumwe ura.

Zvinokonzera chisingaperi enterocolitis anokonzerwa nezvainoita muviri zvinotevera pathological zvinhu:

- refu-refu zvokudya kukodzera;

- vasingadzoreki kutapata uye muviri;

- hormone zvinetso, mupfungwa;

- kudhaka mishonga zvinodhaka uye makemikoro;

- kunyanya bowel mamiriro;

- gastro-nemavhairasi chirwere;

- zvirwere zvomukati;

- intestinal uye parasitic zvirwere.

Chimwe ndicho utachiona echirwere enterocolitis vari intestinal giardia (mufananidzo tupukanana izvi zvinogona kunzi munyaya). Vanokwanisa kuwanda nokukurumidza uye kukonzera giardiasis. Zviratidzo chirwere zvinosanganisira manyoka, nekumwisa gasi, cramping uye abdominal kurwadziwa, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa. Giardia, mufananidzo riri pamufananidzo, pane zvimiro zviviri: active uye vakaneta. Active siyana tupukanana vanogara muviri, pamukova mbudo kusvikira kunze pamwe pachituru vanopinda imwe akaneta muchimiro uye kuparadzira chirwere kunze kwomuviri.

Chirwere enterocolitis kunowanzokonzerwa varombo kana kunonoka Mabatirwo chakasimba siyana anogumbura bowel pezvakaitwa. Uyezve, pane mukana kuparadzira chirwere iri nhaka uye vanhu Savacheche vaiva bhodhoro-zvokudya.

Namira bowel chirwere

Adhesions uri mutete fibrous zvinyama yakaumbwa muna abdominal mhango nokuda siyana asina zvinhu. Namira bowel chirwere, zviratidzo izvo anowanzoratidzwa nechitarisiko spazmiruyutsya kurwadziwa, kunonyanya ngozi kuvanhu. The chikuru Kunyunyuta wevarwere, somunhu mutemo, chinhu chirwere kurwadziwa mudumbu, izvo kuona chimiro truudno. Dzimwe nguva pane chinhu intestinal mhingaidzo, kupatira, kugumbuka. Uyewo, namira bowel chirwere, vane zviratidzo zvinogona kufanana gynecological matambudziko, kazhinji mhaka mukadzi kushaya mbereko.

Huru zviratidzo zvinosanganisira kusagadzikana munharaunda yacho guvhu, chinyamunhari chinorwadza, kunzwa abdominal distention. Munzvimbo umo mune adhesions, pane nokuvhiringidza ura, iyo chacho chakaipa kufamba mariri. Zvichida kukura zvizere intestinal mhingaidzo. Zvinosuruvarisa chirwere nzira kwete vakawanda vanokwanisa kuziva adhesions: hazvigoni kuonekwa sechinhu X-ray kana Ultrasound kuzviongorora. Vanogona kunzi kana uchishandisa barium musiyano pakuitisa computed tomography. Treatment namira chirwere akatakurwa laparoscopic kuvhiyiwa kana rakavhurika avhiyiwa nokuda scalpel rassekaniya adhesions kana electrocution.

Chirwere zvirwere zviri ura

Rokuongorora anogumbura bowel chirwere chinofanira chete pashure achisiya mamwe matambudziko zvinobvira. Izvi zvinoda mubatanidzwa chirwere nemiedzo. Diagnosing bowel chirwere rinosanganisira zvinotevera nemiedzo uye pachishandiswa:

- Analysis ropa - zvakafanira kudzora padanho hemoglobin.

- Fecal kuonekwa ropa mairi.

- Colonoscopy - unokubvumira kuona rose muura uchishandisa nhete, anonzwisisa chubhu ine kamera ndaisa. Munguva nzira, chiremba anogona kutora mamwe kuongorora (biopsy) mimwe tishu.

- Zvichienderana sigmoidoscopy - unotakurwa Via nhete anonzwisisa chubhu ine chiedza Switch, izvo zvinoita kuti vanoona sigmoid muura mugove.

- Upper endoscopy - chiremba anoshandisa nhete, anonzwisisa Lighted chubhu kuongorora yegurokuro, dumbu uye chikamu ura duku rokutanga.

- Capsular endoscopy - kunze kuti chirwere kuti Crohn chirwere.

- X-ray Diagnostics - chinodiwa kana nezvinetso zvakakura paura, kuti ndisakuvara matambudziko (semuenzaniso, perforation ari muura).

- computed tomography - nzira runoita kuti funga zvikamu zvakawanda zvakasiyana pamufananidzo kupfuura X-ray. The bvunzo anoyera ura yose, uye zvinyama kunze.

- Magnetic resonance kuri - munhu abudirire nzira yokubvisa fistulas, anoputsa, uye mamwe matambudziko.

Mabatirwo intestinal zvirwere

To zvinobudirira ingapedza bowel chirwere, zviratidzo, uye kurapwa kunofanira titsigire. Chinangwa kurapwa kwezvirwere anogumbura bowel ndiko kuderedza kuzvimba inobereka zviratidzo uye anoita zvakanaka. Yakakwana kurapa haazorambi chete aivabatsira nekuratidzwa chirwere, asi kutungamirira kwenguva refu ruregerero, yekuzvidzivirira zvirwere. Usati kurapa imwe intestinal chirwere, mumwe chiremba achiitisa kwazvo chirwere unokubvumira kusarudza inonyatsobudirira kurapa.

Treatment angava mishonga, uye yakakurumbira zvomusejari nzira. Mishonga inogona kusunungura zviratidzo uye yekuzvidzivirira zvirwere. Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti varwere vakawanda vachafanira kutora mishonga kwenguva refu kwenguva. Selection zvinodhaka kunoenderana localization pamusoro kuzvimba, kwokuomerwa zviratidzo uye kuchabudirira kudzivisa chirwere dzokororo. Dzimwe nguva ungafanira chokubatanidza mishonga, kutsivira zvinodhaka marapirwo acho Quick.

Nokuti pakurapa intestinal noutachiona uye anogumbura pezvakaitwa vanoshandisa anotevera Mapato zvinodhaka:

- Anti-anogumbura zvinodhaka (aminosalitsitaly, corticosteroids mu);

- antibacterial vamiririri (semuenzaniso, mumiririri "Ciprofloxacin");

- immunomodulators (mishonga "Methotrexate", "Azathioprine");

- chirwere kunatsiridza nevasori (zvinodhaka "infliximab", "Adalimumab").

Mabatirwo nemishonga inofanira pamwe nokuchinja zvokudya, kushushikana rutapudzo, kuzvivaraidza abvume utongi. Danho rinokosha zvikuru mukurapa ndechokuti murwere kutevera zvokudya pamwe bowel chirwere. Zvokudya kunofanira utano mwero zvigadzirwa ane zvakakwana mari mapurotini uye zvinovaka muviri. Diet anosarudzwa kuti mumwe murwere nomumwe. By zvinotevera rwevanhu kunenge zvinogona kunzi zvakarurama voltage:

- kudya zvokudya diki panyika zuva;

- Inwa mvura yakachena (kusvika 2 litres vari zvikamu zviduku zvakaenzana richiparadzirwa masikati);

- kurega zvokudya dzakakwirira internet kugutsikana (bhinzi, nzungu, bran);

- kuramba mafuta uye zvakakanyiwa namafuta zvokudya, sauces, zvokudya anokonzera flatulence;

- tikadzivisa nomukaka zvigadzirwa (lactose kusashivirirana);

- Panguva marapirwo zvakakosha kutora mavhitaminzi B12, D, calcium, simbi zvokuwedzera.

Kazhinji kurapwa kwezvirwere bowel anoita surgically. Dzinokosha akavhiyiwa anotaurwa resections envisage kubviswa ane bowel zvikamu. Treatment abscesses uye fistulas akapoteredza horo inoitwa pachishandiswa kuvhiya akatevera drenazhirovaniem.

dziviriro

Kwakakodzera zvomudumbu basa rinotanga nezvakanaka kunopindirana utano. Nhengo dzose nemudumbu zviri novimba yakavimbika rokuzvidzivirira, rinogona kudzivisa zvirwere nevamiririri. Matanho chinangwa avandudze utano uye munhu zvakanaka.

1. Kurega kusvuta. Munhu wose anoziva kuti kusvuta kunokonzera mwoyo chirwere, pulmonary neBP zvinokonzera. Maererano nenhamba, 30% zvirwere zvose zvinokonzerwa kusvuta, zvakakodzera pamusoro zvomudumbu hurongwa, vanopfuura 40% wavo - a bowel chirwere. Kusvuta kunowedzera ngozi yokuva maronda colitis, chirwere Crohn, uye kunokanganisa nerwatata, uye vamwe.
2. Control muviri uremu. Kufutisa, kunyanya yokufutisa vemunyika mudumbu, zvichiita zvomudumbu hurongwa zvirwere, kunyanya esophageal kunge chirwere uye kenza muura.
3. Active mararamiro. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti kurovedza muviri kunoderedza ngozi zvirwere nemudumbu, intestinal zvirwere vakwegura.
4. Nutrition. Kurambirwa zvekudya mukuru mafuta kunobatsira uremu. Kunze zvokudya utano akapfuma faibha, izvo zvinoita kuti dzose basa ura.