Present Perfect uye Past Perfect: kuenzaniswa ongororo

Present Perfect uye Past Perfect vari boka akakwana (akakwana kutorarama) muna Chirungu. Vanoratidza basa rake rakakwana, asi mumwe chokuita iripo nguva, apo mumwe - zvakapfuura. Munyaya ino tichakurukura uye nyore zvatoitika, sezvo vanhu vari kudzidza Chirungu, kazhinji akanyonganisa Kare Nyore uye Present Perfect.

Zvakakurukurwa manzwisisire akakwana nguva

Akakwana Present racho Nyore inogona kuenzaniswa Russian chimiro akakwana rechiito zvatoitika (rakanyorwa, akadzidzisa, akauya, akaita). vakurukuri Russian anogona kunzwisisa kubva kuti pfungwa maonero. VokuAmerica uye British mune imwe nzira ndinoona pfungwa nguva.

Maererano dzemunharaunda neezvitendero girama wokuRussia chiito panguva ino haigoni kuguma nokuti aripo. Kana chiitiko yapera (yapera), zvino nguva pachena akapfuura.

Musimboti yacho Chirungu wakakwana nguva

Chirungu ndiwo zvandinofunga: kwayo dzemunharaunda kuita panguva ino inogona kupedzwa, uye nguva ino - varipo vakakwana. Saka, muna Russian wakakwana chimiro chete kare, kusafanana Chirungu. nguva Perfect chinotarisa kuti chiito kana chiitiko atora nzvimbo uye chakabata aripo nguva. Present Perfect uye Past Perfect Chokwadi, mapatya, chete chete chokuita kare, mumwe anotaura aripo.

Present Perfect: kushandiswa uye mienzaniso

Funga Present Perfect paumbwe fomura.

PAKAVHA + Auxiliary mugove vane (ane munhu wechitatu) + huru rechiito iri rechitatu chimiro.

Kana nguva iyi inofanira kushandiswa? Present Perfect rinoshandiswa kana zvakakodzera kutaura mugumisiro nezvezvakaitwa kwakaitika. Achibatsirwa Present Perfect ndiyo kumikidzo mugumisiro akakwana ezvinhu. Saka, tinogona kunzwisisa kuti chiito akaita. Yakaenzana kunzwisisa nguva ino inogona verbs Russian: kuita kana kuita.

• Takatodzidza akakutumai tsamba. - Mu akutuma tsamba.
• Iye akava rotari. - Akatoita akahwina rotari.

Ona kuti nguva ino rinowanzoshandurwa kuenda muchiRussian munguva zvatoitika. Zviito zvose izvi kunyatsobatsira aripo rwokupedzisira mugumisiro wayo, kuti vanoshandiswa ukama aripo nguva.

nyaya wechipiri kushandiswa ino rondedzero yake kare muupenyu hwakakwana:

• Ndakagara pano kwemakore 15. - ndakararama pano kwemakore gumi nemashanu.
• Iye kudya muresitorendi Red Dragon katatu. - Iye akadya muresitorendi "Red Dragon" katatu.

Kazhinji panguva ino rinoshandiswa pakutaura pamusoro nhamba mabasa vakaita. Uyewo akakwana rinoshandiswa kana chiito chakaitika panguva nguva kuti haisati yapera. Dzapiwa konekwa yenguva zvezvinangwa ndiwo: nhasi - nhasi, mangwanani ano - ichi mangwanani, gore rino, mwedzi, uye vamwe.

Chero mugumisiro kwatova ikoko, asi nguva haisi pamusoro asi (vhiki rino kana gore). Saka, zvinokwanisika kuita chiito kana kuti kudzokorora kamwe zvakare munguva iyi.

Past Perfect: musimboti nguva

Ikozvino ngatitaurei pamusoro Kare Perfect. Zvinonzi nguva dzose interconnected nemumwe chiito kare. Past Perfect anoratidza chiito kuti zvakaitika pamberi mumwe kana mumwe nguva kare.

Present Perfect uye Past Perfect, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kwose vari vakakwana, asi vapedzisira ndowenyika kare. The chiito wechipiri, izvo zvakaitika gare gare, ari zvinowanzoshandiswa Kare Simple, zvakanaka dzapiwa zvezvinangwa angashandiswa. Aya ndiwo mashoko:

• ne - (nokuti chero nguva);
• pashure - (pashure);
• asati - (pamberi);
• apo - (kana);
• adarika - (ambotaurwa);
• kutanga - (pakutanga).

Present Perfect uye Past Perfect kazhinji vane zviratidzo, asi ivo vakasiyana munguva. Past Perfect Dzava nguva dzose paanouya nemamwe. Zvinogara kunobva zvinokosha nyore zvatoitika.

• Iwe vasvika panhandare yendege pa 8.20 Zvisinei mundege asiya. - Takasvika pachiteshi pa 7:30 am, asi chitima akanga asiya.

Nenzira, vanhuwo zvinhu kuripo uye Past Perfect - nguva zvezvinangwa:

• akarurama - (chete);
• kare - (kare);
• asi - (vasati).

Tinogona kutaura kuti izvi ndizvo huru dzapiwa akakwana nguva.

Present Perfect vs. Past Simple

The inonyanya kuoma pakati vadzidzi kuti Chirungu ndiwo sarudzo pakati Kare Nyore uye Present Perfect. Dambudziko anokonzerwa chokwadi kuti vari mumutauro Russian chete, asi tiri nedudziro. Chinhu chikuru kuziva kuti unofanira kutaura, apo pfungwa.

Huru misiyano Present Perfect uye Past:

1. Present Perfect (nguva yakakwana nguva) yezvakaitwa kare, ine yakananga chokuita nguva iripo.

2. Kare Simple hurukuro pamusoro nguva yakanga yakareba pamusoro, uye haana chokuita chairo chipo. Ndizvo asara kare nokusingaperi.

Ngatienzanisei mitsara miviri:

• Aigara achida kushambira. - Ari nguva dzose aifarira kushambira.

The zvakataurwa chinoreva kuti munhu havazombokwanisi kushambira, zvichida akafa.

• Agara akada kushambira.

Translation pano ndiyo chete. Just kufunga kuti iye achiri kudiwa uye anoda kushambira kusvikira panguva ino.