Botanical Garden muna Saint-Petersburg: mapikicha, mutengo uye nepurogiramu

Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg - mumwe zvikuru nevanhu nzvimbo muguta, ayo zvisakamboonekwa uye kudada. Pari, anonzi ari Botanical Garden of Botanical Institute of V. L. Komarova , Russian Academy of Sciences, uye kare akanga paakavapa musoro Imperial Botanical Garden.

Mukona iyi zvakasikwa chete chinokwezva vanoda greenery uye zvinomera. Vashanyi Its - vagari uye vaenzi. Botanical Garden - rakasiyana zvakasikwa rinobatanidza kutarisirwa munyoro uye basa vanhu, uye runako hunhu maruva.

nyaya

Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg rakavakwa Peter I muna 1713 sezvo wezvinonhuhwira Garden, zvavasingafaniri kukura makwenzi uye zvirimwa inoshandiswa mukurapa. Rakanga riri pamusoro chitsuwa dema, iyo gare gare akanga zita wezvinonhuhwira. Nharaunda zvishoma nezvishoma akawedzera, zviri ikozvino bindu ano rinotaura zvinopfuura 16 hectares. Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg kubva panguva kwayo kushanda kunyatsotevera siyana yokurapa, zvesayenzi uye dzidzo masangano uye mabhizimisi munyika, hune mharidzo kuti vadzidzi vepayunivhesiti, ndivo pashoo uye akatungamirira Tours kuti kuenda kukireshi vana.

Pakutanga mashoko XIX remakore yakanga yasakara, muti waiva zvishoma - chete anenge 1,500 marudzi, akaita maviri chete mumapoka - botanical uye zvokurapa. Muna 1823 mubindu kwakasarudzwa kuti rename ari Imperial, saka basa rakatanga musi ayo nokubatanidzwazve uye kuvandudzika. Uyezve, kubva kunze kwenyika vaitendawo miti itsva, zvakare vakavakazve uye reconstructed zvivako, ennobled ndima. Papera chinguva kwakauya miziyamu uye raibhurari. Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg rave kushandiswa kwete chete kwezvokurapa uye utano, asiwo pakutsvakurudza mabasa. Pakupera yacho XIX remakore, vashandi vayo vakaita pakundopambara kunyika mupudzi ivhu, zvinangwa yesayenzi vava kukosha.

At pakutanga XX remakore Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg, muridzi nokuda Academy of Sciences of USSR, uye akasika Botanical Institute yakanga vaita kwayo kukura uye Resettlement. Uyezve, tsvakurudzo mabasa zvave zvakapararira. USSR mudonzvo nesayenzi mubasa kukura kwenzvimbo mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana zvinomera, zvinetso kukura uye acclimatization én. Panguva WWII munda takarwara kubhomba uye akatambudzika zvikuru kurasikirwa. Rinenge rose muunganidzwa akarasika kasvisto, kunyanya neapo dzinopisa mhando zvinomera, miti, maruva hothouse, uye zvakawanda. Munguva yehondo zvakakuvadza ari bhaira uye rudo kupisa-zvose zvirimwa zvachose akarasika. Save akakwanisa marudzi mashomanana kuti vakanunurwa ne vashandi: zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko vakaita mu mufurati kana kuruboshwe duku girinihausi, izvo kudziyisa yamavira. Pashure pehondo, bindu zvishoma yakadzorerwa. Chokwadi, zvakatora nguva refu uye mari zvikuru nesimba zvose tsvimbo uye akarurama hanya nevanhu.

Madhipatimendi of Botanical Garden

Kuti abudirire zvikuru kushanda mabasa ose anoitwa munyika botanical mubindu rakakamurwa zvakasiyana madhipatimendi uye pazvinoitwa. Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg - hazvina chete park, asi vashoma greenhouses kuti chipo zvirimwa dzinopisa uye subtropical okunze, Arboretum - Garden kuzvikudza, pane zviuru zvakawanda kwemarudzi miti, herbarium akaunganidzwa, rine mazana herbals, wakasika nemasayendisiti-botanists pamusoro kwemakore akawanda.

Munda une yayo Museum, apo Exhibits ezviuru isingawanzowanikwi uye Zvisaririra zvinomera. Museum Exhibits kukasawedzerwa kusvikira zvino, vakabatsira masayendisiti akawanda, nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu makore akasiyana, vakakurumbira yakadhirowewa sayenzi bhotani. Kuwanda zvinhu kukasapfuura 80,000! The raibhurari ane mabasa anopfuura 600. Seminary Botanical Garden kusikirwa Kuzvinyora mbeu uye atakatora mhiri kwemakungwa zvinomera uye maruva. Biological Laboratory rave kuongorora kuti ehupfumi zvinomera siyana. Kubvira 1901, ari Botanical Garden akatanga kubudisa pachake magazini yacho. zita raro rakachinjwa kanoverengeka, asi muna 1933 akasarudza kubatanidza pamwe Bhuku "Botanical Journal of USSR." Gare gare, akanga pakupedzisira kunzi "Botanical Magazine".

FYI

Various kuratidzira uye zviitiko dzinoitwa gore rose, asi zvichienderana mwaka inoitwa mumadhipatimendi akasiyana. Shanyira Botanical Garden muSt Petersburg, unogona rose gore, uye mumwaka ose zvichaita kusiya zvikuru. Summer ndiye mukare kubva zviuru maruva zvinomera, isingawanzowanikwi cup. In Mumatsutso Park dazzles runako mashizha mavara, naka Conservatory basa muchando. Educational Tours inopihwa kushanyira ane mutungamiriri mupaki uye greenhouses, unaccompanied, unogona chete kushanyira paki munguva kubva May kusvika October.

excursions

Mapoka karwendo vari inoumbwa kuunganidza vanhu 15 - zviri nyore kuti vaenzi. Unogona bhuku Tours pachine. Inonyanya kufarirwa vavo - "Plants inopisa kumatunhu Nyika", "Plants subtropical kumatunhu Pasi," "Famba pamusoro Arboretum" pana Palm House uye Water girinihausi. Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) - pikicha nevashanyi nhandare chisingakanganwiki uye unoshamisa pakunaka dzavo uye nokubwinya zvinomera uye maruva.

Kushanda nguva uye mutengo

Botanical Garden (St. Petersburg) anoshanda mazuva manomwe pavhiki, kubva 11 kusvika 16 maawa. The chete Kunze ndiko Monday. A zororo rakavhurika pasi miti pamwe 10 kusvika 18 maawa akazarurwa Botanical Garden (Saint-Petersburg). Tikiti mitengo kuvimba chinangwa kushanya: kufamba mupaki kunodyira 40 rubles ive tikiti mukuru, pamukova Conservatory - 220 rubles. Photo nemavhidhiyo kupfura, zvakare, akaripira, kubva 90 rubles uye yakakwirira.

Replenishment akaunganidzwa uye nzendo

Kubvira pakagadzwa, kuti Botanical Garden muzadze kuunganidza dzavo chete dzimwe nyika - mbeu uye mizambiringa yakabva kumwe vakanga yakatengwa muEngland, Germany, Holland. Kutanga muna 1830, kuchaitwa dzinokosha dzakaitwa masayendisiti kuCaucasus, ivo reCaspian nharaunda, Baku, Kamchatka kuti muzadze kubindu akaunganidzwa uye kusimudzira pakutsvakurudza mabasa. Kubva nzendo mhiri akauya miti kubva kuchitsuwa Saint Helena, Rio de Janeiro, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil.

Botanical Garden ave achishingaira chikamu zvokushandisa pachavo kwete chete mishoni dzavo, asi mishoni vamwe makambani nemasangano. Mukuwedzera, zvinomera vakaunzwa pano vafambi vazhinji nokuzvidira - pamwe akatevedzana ari Tiến Shani, Issyk-Kul, muna Ussuri mudunhu.

Mumwe vachangobva kuwana chirimwa, iyo Anozvirumbidza munhu botanical bindu - cherry, yabva Japan. Zvirongwa ramangwana kuumba rakasiyana mukoto Sakura.