Biogenetic Murayiro Haeckel-Müller

Biogenetic Murayiro Haeckel-Müller anorondedzera akaona reshiyo zvakasikwa - ontogenesis, kureva munhu kukura zvipenyu muviri, kuti pamwero, izvozvo recapitulates phylogeny - nhoroondo kukura rese mhuka kuti icho anoti. It akagadzira mutemo, sezvo zita rinoreva, Haeckel uye F. Muller muna 60-ies zviri XIX remakore, pasina mumwe, uye akaisa akawana dzidziso zvino anenge zvisingaiti.

Zviri pachena kuti mutemo biogenetic akanga akagadzira pakarepo. Muller uye Haeckel basa agadzirwa kusikwa yokungotaura yemibvunzo mutemo sezvo kare aona mananara uye mimwe mitemo isingachinji zvakasikwa. Muna 1828, K. Baer akagadzira vanonzi mutemo embryo kufanana. Chaizvoizvo Its iri pakuti anenge evanhu kuva yakafanana zvipenyu mhando, vane zvakawanda zvakafanana pezvokuvamba anatomical mamiriro. Muvanhu, Somuenzaniso, pane imwe nguva chiitiko embryo ane dakashwa slits uye muswe. Typical chinosiyanisa zviri muna Morphology kwemarudzi kuitika chete mberi mukufamba ontogeny. Murairo embryo kufananidzwa kuzivikanwa mutemo biogenetic munzira dzakawanda: kamwe Tuvana ezvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana vachidzokorora padariro pave nevamwe, anodzokorora padariro kukura mhando dzose zvachose.

AN Severtsov vakazopiwa akaita zvimwe Mutemo wakagadziridzwa wokuita kuti Haeckel-Müller. The musayendisiti akati panguva embryogenesis, kureva, dariro pamusoro embryo kukura, pane kufanana pakati pezvitunha tuvana iri, kwete vanhu vakuru. Saka, mashoko dakashwa slits ari mudumbu kwevanhu rakafanana dakashwa slits tuvana hove, asi kwete kusimbiswa mukuru hove gills.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha uchapupu yaDarwin yokushanduka-shanduka anoonekwa kuva mutemo zvakananga biogenetic. Akashandiswa ihwo anotaura yayo musoro chokuita nedzidziso Darwin. Muviri panguva yayo budiriro anoenda kuburikidza zvakasiyana matanho akawanda, chimwe nechimwe fananei imwe Danho okukura hunhu, swedera kubva shanduka pfungwa maonero. Saka, mumwe zvakaoma zvikuru yakarongwa munhu anomirira ari kukura kwake ontogenesis yose mhuka kubva nemaonero yemhindumupindu.

In zvepfungwa, panewo mutemo biogenetic, akagadzira tisingatungamirirwi zvipenyu. Kutaura zvazviri, mune zvepfungwa chakasiyana asina kugadzirirwa mutemo, dzinoratidzwa I. Herbart uye T. Ziller pfungwa pamusoro zvakafanana. pfungwa wemwana pamwe kuti vanhu zvavo. Nyanzvi Various vakaedza kururamisa pfungwa iyi nemamwe maonero. Mr. Hall Somuenzaniso, vakaungana zvakananga kuna Haeckel-Müller mutemo. Akati kuti kukura mwana, kusanganisira pfungwa nemashoko, kunotsanangurwa bedzi nezvinhu zvipenyu preconditions uye akadzokorora shanduka kukura kazhinji. Zvisinei, pfungwa haisi zvechokwadi nekusimba zvevakomana. In zvepfungwa, pachine pasina mutemo biogenetic sezvo vakadaro.