Artist Gustave Moreau: biography, creativity

Chii chatinoziva nezvevanyori vezana remakore rechi19? Mazita akareba anonzwika nevose, asi kune avo vakasara vasingazivikanwi nenyika. Chimwe nechimwe chazvo chakaita kuti unyanzvi huve nemafungiro ake. Muenzi Gustave Moreau aiva mumwe wevaya vakazova mumwe wevanyori vakanyanyisa, anonyatsotora nzvimbo yake ikoko.

Vechidiki

Chiratidzo cheFrench chakaberekerwa muParis muzana remakore rechi19. Akabva anzwisisa kuti ndiani aida kuva, uye kwenguva yakareba akadzidza pachikoro chezvakanaka. Kubvira paujaya kutungamirirwa mumabasa ake kwakaratidzwa: bhaibheri. Akasika zvinyorwa pazvinhu zvisinganzwisisiki, saka basa rake richiri kufadza uye rinotakura chimwe chinhu chakavanzika uye chisingaoneki.

Mushure mechikoro, Gustave Moreau anosarudza kupinda muchikoro. Achitenda kuna baba vake, akakwanisa kugara mu Louvre apo aida, uye kushanda ikoko, akafuridzirwa nevanyanzvi venyika. Muna 1848, Moreau akapindira mukukwikwidza kweGratu. Kuedza kwose kwakange kusingabudiriri, uye munyori wacho akasiya chikoro.

Kuti ave akafuridzirwa, vanyori vemazana ezana remakore rechi19 vaida kufamba nekutsvaga musemu. Moreau akaenda kuItaly kaviri. Panguva ino aikwanisa kupinda kumakona ose akanaka enyika ino: Venice, Florence, Roma, Naples. Kunze kwekuvakwa kwemazuva anoshamisa, pano akadzidza maRenaissance uye vanyori vakakurumbira venguva iyoyo.

Shandisa nehurumende

Mukuwedzera kune chokwadi chokuti Gustave Moreau, uyo ane mifananidzo yakave yakabudirira, akashanda pamabasa ake, akazadzisa urongwa hwehurumende. Basa rake raiva rokuumba kopi huru yemakona eCarracci. Zvisikwa zvaifadza kune vose, uye akapiwa imwe chirongwa chekopi yemufananidzo, asi Moro akaramba, achitaura kuti aida kutenga mabasa ake, kwete mapepa evamwe vashandi. Mushure mokutaura kwakadai, Gustave akarairwa kuti aumbe yake pachavo.

Nzvimbo itsva yekugadzirwa

Nzvimbo itsva yakatanga nekutenga dzimba. Baba vacho vaifarira mwanakomana wavo, saka muna 1852 akamutengesa chic. Kubva kumahwindo kwaigona kuonekwa nzvimbo yeSaint-Lazare, pedyo nehova yeSeine yakarongedzwa . Moro akabva asarudza pane imwe yepasi kuti aumbe nzvimbo yake yekusika uye akatanga kushanda. Chic mansion yakamubatsira ndokumufuridzira. Gustave akararama mumamiriro akanaka kwazvo, achizadzisa mirairo yehurumende. Zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kupinda mumasangano evakakurumbira vanyori.

Munguva iyi, akadzidza nezvekuve nemimba yemusikana wake, uyo aigara muRoma. Mucherechedzi akasarudza kubva pahurombo. Nechisarudzo ichi mai vake vakabvumiranawo, vaidavira kuti zvose zvemuchato uye mwana muduku aizoparadza basa remunguva yemberi munyori mukuru. Rwendo urwu rweItaly rwakatora makore akawanda. Vabereki vaGustav vakauyawo pano, vachifunga kuenderera mberi nomunyori pamayendo ake. MuItaly, akafuridzirwa naBotticelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Krivelli nevamwe vanyori vakuru. Nokudaro, akadzorera mifananidzo yekumba nemifananidzo yakagadzirwa, yakagadzirwa neItaly ruvara.

Rudo rwekudaidzira nekubudirira kunobwinya

Mushure mekudzokera kumusha mukuru weFrance, Moreau anotanga kushanda muimba yake, dzimwe nguva achishanyira shamwari. Pane imwe yemadekwani aya, akataura nemutungamiri Alexandrin Duro. Kamwe kamwe-kamwe rudo rukuru rwunokura kuva chishuvo chinoshamisa, asi manzwiro evadikani vanovanza.

Rufu rwababa vake muna 1862 rwakabata muridzi, uye mukuchema kwake akafunga kuzvipa iye unyanzvi uye dzidzo. Makorori eMoro ari kudiwa, uye anove achizivikanwa muParis uye kure nechekare. Mumakore makumi matanhatu ekupedzisira Gustave akazova mukuru wejuri reMutengo mukuru, umo akakundwa kaviri muhuduku hwake. Mumakore ekuma70, mufananidzo wacho akagamuchira mupiro wakakwirira kwazvo weFrance - Mutemo weLegion of Honor.

Sunset creativity

Muna 1884, Gustave akarasikirwa naamai vake. Ichi chakaitika hachina kumubvumira kuti agare akanyarara, uye kwemwedzi mitanhatu aisagona kushanda zvakanaka. Uyezve ndinozvibvumira kuziva nezvangu nezera rangu. Gustave kakawanda anowanzobuda kuParis, anotamira kune dzimwe nyika, achitungamirirwa naAlexandrin wake anodikamwa. Akatova muna 1888 akava nhengo yeChikemy of Fine Arts, uye makore matatu gare gare akava purofesa paParis School of Art.

Mukutanga kwema1890 Alexandrin akafa, makore mashanu gare gare Gustave akapedzisa basa rake guru "Jupiter naSemuele" uye anosarudza kuronga musimusi mumba make. Muenzi wacho akafa muna 1898, akavigwa mumakuva eMontmartre, pane imwe nzvimbo pedyo neAlexandrin Duro anodikanwa achizorora.

The Museum

Asati afa rufu Gustave Moreau, uyo ane ruzivo rwakakosha uye ruchenekera, akasiya guta nemabasa ake uye pfuma. Mufananidzo wacho aikwanisa kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvekushongedza uye mifananidzo, akaunganidzawo mabasa nevevekuru vanyori, varavhisi, midziyo isina kuwanikwa uye zvimwe zvinhu kubva muzana remakore rechi19.

Imba ye Gustave Moreau House Museum ikozvino yava nzvimbo inowanzozivikanwa muParis. Kunyange zvazvo mufananidzo wacho akanga asingakwanisi kushandura pfungwa dzake muchokwadi, Imba yeParis City yakatora nhaka yayo. Guta racho rakagadzira imba isingashamisi-musamu, umo mava iko kuunganidza zvakakwana kwemavara nemufananidzo weFrance.

Uyu "muparadhiso weparadhiso" akatora maviri pasi. Pamusoro pekutanga - masvingo ose anosungirirwa nemabasa a Moreau. Kubatsira mune ramangwana art connoisseurs Gustave akaita tsanangudzo yemifananidzo, mu museum aya manotsi akashandurwa muchiChirungu zvakare. Mukuwedzera, pakati pemabasa akapedzwa pamasikati ndeavo izvo munyori wacho akasiya asina kupera.

Pasi repiri rakazadzwa nemifananidzo yakavezwa nevamwe vashandi, pamwe chete nemifananidzo yakavezwa, yekare samani - zvose izvo Gustave Moreau aigona kuzviunganidza. Panguva ino, kupfuurira kumusuo weimba kunosvika 6 euro kune vanhu vakuru, uye vana vasati vasvika makore gumi nemasere vakabvuma havakwanisi.

Paintings

Pakati pemifananidzo yakaratidzwa nemupeperi mushure mokunge iye pachake, kune vanhu vose vanozivikanwa. Mumwe wavo ndi "Jupiter naShemele," yakanyorwa makore maviri kusati kwafa kenzi. Pamusoro pezvigaro zvinoratidzwa zvirevo zvezvinyorwa zvinotakura zvakakosha: Rufu, Kutambura, Usiku, nezvimwe.

Zvose nzvimbo izere nemiti isingashamisi, inoshamisa yekugadzirisa matanho nemifananidzo yakavezwa. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti muongorori anotaura zvose izvi zvakawanda zvezvifananidzo nemafungiro, sezvo zvakaoma kuti muoni azviongorore kuti aone vanhu vose. Iyo nhoroondo yeSemuele pane chitubu inowana chimwe chirevo uye chakavanzika.

Kuongorora unyanzvi hwaG Gustave, zvinova pachena chido chake che "kukudzwa kwakakosha." Muparidzi akati takanga tichifanira kutarisa kune vatenzi vekare, avo vasingazotidzidzisa isu mashoma mashizha. Vanyori vekare vakaedza kuratidzira pavanokwanisa zvavo chete ivo vakapfuma, vashoma uye vanoshamisa avo vakanga vari munguva yavo. Zvipfeko, zvavakaratidzwa mumabasa avo, zvishongo, zvinhu-izvi zvose zvakagamuchirwa uye Moreau.

Imwe mifananidzo yakakurumbira yaG Gustave ndiyo "Phenomenon", iyo yaakasika muna 1876. Kufanana nevamwe vazhinji, ine chikonzero chechitendero, munyaya iyi - Evhangeri. Iyo ngarava iri pamusoro paSarome, uyo anotamba pamberi paHerodhi, shure kwevakuru vaJohane Mubhabhatidzi. Panguva ino Sarome asati ari musoro waJohane, achiumba ruzha runoshamisa.