Inotungamirwa, Mitauro
Articles mumutauro Chirungu: tafura uye kushandisa mitemo. Chivakashure mu Chirungu
Articles anoshandiswa sezvo mukuru shoko emazita vari vanhuwo nyaya, kana nedzimwe nzvimbo pakutaura, sezvinoita pazita iri zvavo nyaya. Inonyanya chinyakare nzira yokutsanangura sei kuti zviparadzanise imwe nokusingagumi uye chaizvo nemidziyo emazita mumutauro Chirungu, rinoti "chete chinhu mutorwa assessable - / a /, / ive /; yaizivikanwa chinhu chipi saizi - / ari / ». Asi pane Mapato zhinji mashoko uye zvirevo nokuda "mu aakatipa zviitiko" inodzorwa nokushandisa imwe nyaya. Naizvozvo, tinogona kutaura kuti pane mumwe mutemo nyore anotiudza sei kushandisa nyaya Chirungu. Table inobatanidza uye classifies nomumwe zviitiko zvakawanda.
kushandisa pfungwa nyaya
Kazhinji musiyano pakati pemapoka aya pane zvinodiwa, saka zvakaoma kusimbisa zvinorehwa determinant kushandisa, uye kunyange zvakawanda zvakaoma - kunzwisisa nei paine. Kunyange zvakadaro, chokwadi iri vanogona dzaibatanidzwa vakawanda pfungwa kuti hazvisi pachena nguva dzose:
- / A / uye / ane / - nguva dzose zvimwe chikamu yose;
- / The / - anogara chinhu rakasiyana, rose, concrete;
- razero (razero nyaya) - nguva dzose chinhu nokudenga, kureva, mashoko haadi okuwedzera waivako kana kunatsiridzwa ...
The mabasa uye nzvimbo nyaya mumutsetse
Kune nuances dzakawanda akashandisa emazita kuti akajekeswa, zvichienderana worudzii nyaya mumutauro Chirungu anoshandiswa imwe nyaya. Articles anotibatsira kunzwisisa basa pazita iri mutongo. Vanopa pfungwa nhamba, nyaya ezvinhu ukama kutaura naye pamusoro munharaunda.
Nyaya anotora nzvimbo kana rwetende pazita, kana, kana kuti pazita ari chikamu okuti - pamberi mashoko ose anotomirira.
Fanira kushandiswa munyaya. Null, Undefined, vamwe
Mubvunzo hausi, mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinoda kushandiswa munyaya Chirungu. Nekuti pazita ose kana mumwe mukukurukurirana kushumira somushumiri pazita, nyaya anofanira kuva, kana zvimwewo, ari razero nyaya - kureva tisina isimbiswe izvozvo. Saka, mubvunzo ndewokuti, sei kushandisa nyaya pamamiriro ezvinhu.
nokusingagumi nyaya
The nokusingagumi Nyaya ine mbiri phonetic chimiro - / a / uye / imwe /.
Open chimiro / A / verenga sezvo [ə] uye rinoshandiswa nemashoko kuti kutanga nzvanyira inzwi. Kana shoko rokutanga ndiro nzvanyira, asi ezita kwokutanga nzvanyira inzwi iri, uyewo anoisa hayo nyaya dziri Chirungu. Mienzaniso: / a zvakasikwa / zvakasikwa /, / a Europe / Europe /.
Closed chimiro / An / kuburitswa somunhu [ən] uye akaisa nzvanyira pamberi zvinoita. Izvi zvinoshandawo nyaya apo shoko rinotanga nzvanyira, mataurirwo uko Haatauri Somuenzaniso, / kweawa /.
The nokusingagumi Nyaya kamwe yakanga isati nhamba / rimwe /, uye zvadaro airarama / a / (/ ane /). Rinopa mamwe mashoko matsva panyaya iri mutongo usiri, chero - kazhinji rinorondedzera nenzira muboka, kana anotamisa chimwe chinhu ehupfumi vazhinji vakadaro. Mukati zvinoreva pano, sezvinoita mutemo, unogona kuisa / zvimwe /.
chivakashure
Chivakashure mu Chirungu - / ari / - ane mhando mbiri emashoko - [Di] [ðə], zvakanyorwa kuti regai kwakasiyana nemumwe:
- [Di] kureva pamberi nzvanyira ruzha, semuenzaniso, / yendege /;
- [Ðə] verenga pamberi shoko kutanga imwe nzvanyira kurira / chengarava /.
Chivakashure mumutauro Chirungu rinobva Old Chirungu chisazita / Se / kuti / pamwe zvabatwa zvomuenzaniso kukosha kwayo. Iye oga nyaya kubva muchikwata zvinhu zvakadaro kana oga boka rimwe chete sangano - uye pose, rinoti nzvimbo (s) chinhu. Unogona kuedza mupfungwa / kuti /.
razero nyaya
Zero nyaya - ndiko kushaya nyaya. Pane mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu umo nyaya dziri akadarikira muna Chirungu tafura mazita mamwe yainyanya kushanda nenheyo kushandiswa.
Kazhinji mashoko pasina pamutemo determinant, vane mamwemazwi kukosha. Kana kuchisazitasingwi kana zvazvisingaverengeki pfungwa hatigoni kupatsanurira nhau kukurukurirana, kana kusarudza izvozvo muboka, uye kana muzvizhinji, hatigoni kushanda pamwe chete isangano. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kukumbira maapuro - / Ndipei maapuro /, asi ivo inomiririra chete kutaridza dzakafanana zvinhu, boka, iyo inotanga chero kufamba. Uye tinogona kukumbira Somuenzaniso, kuti aratidze United States of America - / Ndiratidzei United States of America /, uye iyi vari, chaizvoizvo, chiito somunhu indivisible yose. Kune chaiyo nyaya, iyo inoshandiswa razero nyaya dziri Chirungu. Tafura pazasi rinofananidza nyaya chikumbiro / a /, / ane / uye / yacho /.
/ Vamwe / kana / chero /
Dzimwe nguva, pane razero anoshandiswa nokusingaperi nhamba chisazitasingwi / vamwe / kana / chero / nyaya, kana munhu pazita iri kutanga kana abstraction, uye kana akashandisa muuzhinji kana zvazvisingaverengeki pfungwa. Saka, / vamwe / uye / chero / inogona kubviswa kuchiiswa somunhu akatodzana nyaya kana kwete rakakodzera / yacho /, hazvibviri kushandisa / a / kana / ane /, asi pane chido kuti hune vakasarudzwa.
Table chaiyo zviitiko
Vanofanira kunzi chaiwo zviitiko kushandiswa, kunzwisisa sei rassstavlyat nyaya Chirungu. The tafura rine dzikarongwa mukati zvinoreva ezvinhu yaida kushandisa imwe kutaurwa kana razero nyaya.
/ A /, / ane / | / The / | zero | |
kwose | vakawanda pfungwa chinhu pakuonekwa chinhu chokutanga kana shoko rinoshandiswa kutsanangura ehupfumi kuti tsanangudzo, kunyange kana shoko riri chaihwoihwo kana incalculable ukoshi kutapurirana zvivako vakawanda akafanana naye zvinhu ane anenge quantitative chaizvo mashoko - / peya / nomudzimai /, / zvishoma / zvishoma /, / vashoma / vamwe /, / nehafu / hafu / vasati countable pfungwa kugadzirwa pamwe / chii / vasati countable pfungwa iri zvakagadzirwa / pane / panguva panodudzwa kurongwa mumiriri weimwe chikamu panzvimbo nhamba / munhu / a / | reappearance of chinhu zvakananga nezve yakananga chinhu chechinyorwa uye kunanga chinoratidza chimwe chinhu, zvikurukuru: nevamwe nyaya pachishandiswa, pamwe ordinal nhamba , pamwe adjectives mu zvisingagoni muchimiro nezita yavo sorutivi kuti rakasiyana (chete) Mashoko ari Kazhinji (rairatidza kana pasina chaiyo mashoko) - / zuva / zuva /, / mwedzi / mwedzi /, / Pasi / Earth /, / pasi / pasi / pamberi mashoko anoratidza kirasi, kutaridza kune dzimwe kutaura kunze emazita, izvo vakawana kukosha muuzhinji rokuti - / simba / simba /, / akare / okuberekwa /, / vechiduku / vaduku / kana uchida kusimbisa kukosha chinhu pakati pezvimwe zvinhu mukirasi chete | nemashoko muzvizhinji, riri kuchisazitasingwi kuti kushandiswa / a /, / ane / pamwe ndivanamwari uye zvinhu zviri Kazhinji pamberi zvinhu uye mananara kuti zvisingagoni kutsanangurwa empirically (wandisa) neimwewo mupfungwa kana shoko pamberi kunokosha kureva nawo chinangwa nyaya chisazita kana emazita kazhinji ukoshi (/ kuverenga / kuverenga /, / fodya / kusvuta /) kana shoko rinomirira nokududza nhamba kubva emazita zvinosanganisirei kuenzaniswa marongerwo kana chivakwa pamwe Zvireva mwene |
chandinodisisa zvinhu | pamberi pakunzi basa | pamberi mazita zviri muzvizhinji marudzi pamberi ordinal nhamba zvokuridzira nziyo dzemiviri pamberi mazita munyika uye mazita nenzvimbo kuti mumire muzvizhinji, neeSultan gomo, archipelagos uye madhamu pasina mashoko / mudziva / mudziva / | pamwe nemitambo nemazuva revhiki, mwedzi uye mazororo chiratidzo pamberi yokudya pamwe zvedzidzo anoranga zvinyamutanhatu pamberi zvakakodzera mazita, mazita okuremekedza uye zvinzvimbo uye kukurukurwa mazita uye mazita okuremekedza mabhuku nyaya zviratidzo asati mononuclear mazita emaguta uye rinoti, migwagwa, dzinoungana, mumapaki, makondinendi, mazita nomumwe zvitsuwa, makomo neshoko / mudziva / mudziva / sezvo chikamu zita |
yakasimbiswa kushandiswa | / Akadaro / akadai /, / kutoti / wakanaka /, / zvikuru / chaizvo /, / yakawanda / zhinji /, / kwazvo / zviripo, / sezvo mutemo / kazhinji /, / pa kurasikirwa / nokushaiwa, / kwekanguva / kwekanguva /, / kukurumidza / kurumidza /, / kuva nguva yakanaka / vane nguva / yakanaka, / chinhu tsitsi / chii tsitsi /, / kuita mumwe kufadza / kuunza munhu mufaro /, / zviri zvinonyadzisa / kuti zvinonyadzisa /, / chii chinyadzo / zvinonyadzisa /, / kaviri pazuva / kaviri pazuva, / somugumisiro / somugumisiro / | / The nokukurumidza ... - nani ... / ... nokukurumidza, kuti ... /, / rinotevera / anotevera /, / chete / sole /, / rapfuura / rapfuura, / kodzero / akarurama / zvakanaka / / / chete / chete /, / okumusoro / pamusoro /, / zvikuru / chaizvo /, / zvakaipa / venhema / zvakaipa /, / musimboti / nechepakati /, / kuuya / kuenda / kuuya /, / zvinotevera / rakatevera /, / wokupedzisira / wokupedzisira /, / kuruboshwe / yakasarira /, / chikuru / mukuru /, / mangwanani / mangwanani /, / masikati / zuva /, / manheru / usiku / , (/ usiku / usiku /) | / Kuti ndigadzire ... / basa /, / kuti yakasarudzwa ... / vhoti / / On rutsoka / rutsoka /, / nomusoro / mwoyo /, / nemotokari / motokari /, / pamba / musha / |
Articles nokuti kuenda kukireshi
Articles mu Chirungu kuti vana vasati vava kuenda kuchikoro zera iri nani muchimiro mienzaniso chaiyo kuita pasina rurege panguva kunangiswa mapatani kubva zvivakamutauro pfungwa maonero.
Zvichaita kurovedza zvavo rinoonekwa uye auditory okurangaridza injini unyanzvi sandara uye zvichabatsira mireza yavo matauriro centre. Zvadaro, kudzidza girama mutauro nzwisisa flair kuchakubatsira zvadziri mu mitemo uye anokosha zviitiko.
Similar articles
Trending Now