Antarctica - nyika yakaita chando. Chiizve unoziva pamusoro Antarctica

Zvechokwadi mumwe kupfuura enigmatic uye asinganzwisisiki nzvimbo panyika iri Antarctica - nyika yakaita chando. tsanangura muchidimbu ino zvinoshamisa hakushande: pasinei murombo zvingaita kwatiri yezvakaita magumo expanses pakati yakagwamba nechando, pane zvizhinji dzinonakidza nharaunda. Uye kana pamberi kondinendi yaizivikanwa chete nevaongorori uye polar vatsvakurudzi, nhasi chaizvo yokunyanyisa vashanyi vanoedza meso ako kuona yakakura icebergs uye gwenga chando.

tsananguro

With Antarctica Greek anoshandura se "zvakapesana kweArctic." Ichi mukondinendi hombe, izvo inoremekedzwa kumaodzanyemba panyika. Kuburikidza payo conditionally chobudira akabatana paNyika sezvo zviri pano ndiyo rwezasi danda. About mamiriyoni 15 mativi makiromita - imwe nzvimbo anofukidza Antarctica. Nyika pasina kuti chando mune zita echando, nekuti mamiriyoni 1,5 mativi makiromita yayo zvachose munyika nharaunda inogarwa chando echiShinto.

Nokuda kwayo yoga uye kure nenzvimbo Antarctica aiva kondinendi wokupedzisira iyo murume kwabva pamberi. Izvi zvakaitika chete XIX remakore: kunorwa Russian vaitungamirirwa Mikhail Lazarev uye Faddeem Bellinsgauzenom akaziva idzi. Nokuda kusingaperi chando uye kusingaperi nousiku havana kukwanisa kugadzirisa vanhu. The okunze zvechokwadi kwazvo: tembiricha inogona akadonhedza kusvika -80 ° C, nechando mhepo ichivhuvhuta ari kumhanya 90 m / s. Nhasi, nharaunda haisi chero mamiriro. Vamiriri venyika dzakasiyana zvidzidzo tsvakurudzo pano. Antarctica - nyika chando - nomutsa Vaitarisira 3000 masayendisiti, vanoshanda pa 37 nhepfenyuro dzakasiyana.

zvisingaperi chando

Ndivo chikuru kukwezvana yacho kondinendi. Nenzira, zviri pakati mumwe navo - soro. Antarctica rinokwira pamusoro pegungwa kuti 2000 km pakati - ne sezvaiitwa 4000. Chikamu chakakura kumusoro - glacial pamusoro kuti anovanda kwayo pachipfuva imwe Continental chitima. pamusoro chete 5% of nzvimbo isina chando - kumadokero chikamu uye Mountains Transantarctic.

Sezvo Antarctica - nyika chando, vana nevakuru maenisaikoropidhiya akanyorwa zvakawanda pamusoro wayo papi. Masayendisiti vanoti nechando butiro pano Rafa munyika, kukura kwayo ndiko 10 nguva chando kusvika Zimbabwe. Inoitwa mamiriyoni 30 mativi makiromita - iri 90% munyika yose chando. A chepfungwa kondinendi iri kuonekwa guru yakawanda echando echiShinto dziri pano - kamari "rutema" nzvimbo hunoumba chegumi ndima. icebergs Very yakanaka, chirefu pamusoro pegungwa, dzimwe nguva kusvika zvikuru kukura.

-oma Tsunami

Zviri pachena kuti kana vanhu vazhinji, Antarctica kunobatanidzwa chete chete inotonhora chando. Asi musafunga kuti chando inotungamirwa vari hakunakidzi akaturikidzana kana clumps: ivo dzimwe nguva tora chimiro vaRafa yakagwamba nechando semafungu sokuti vasingachaiti panzira yake, uye nekuodza pamwe sefungu munhu taikasauva simbi pezvinhu zvivezwa. Izvi zvinonzi chando Tsunami - zvino nzvimbo outorwa nokuda vashanyi, ari kujairika nokunaka kwenzvimbo. Ndingadzidzei kutaura - the womumhuri chando kondinendi. Clumps zvinoshamisa yakanaka, sezvo ine wakachena ikapenya mutema chando.

Antarctica, nyika chando vakashonga kwayo pamusoro mumazana amakore. frosts varo vaiva mukuru mubatsiri, uye zvakawanda aanoita nemvura zuva kwacho. kusika tsunami mashandiro nyore. Pakutanga, chando iri chena, sezvo pane zvakawanda mhepo matema, pakatanga chirimo kana pachena kuti chiedza chezuva inonyunguduka muchando, nekusiyana, riri muchando - uye kuti pasina kumbomira. Asi pfungwa iri kuti kamwe zvakare nechando akaturikidzana vanosundira mhepo matema, saka chiedza nzendo munzvimbo dzakadzika chando floe. Nokudaro, hatina akura huru tekoizi muchando Tsunami, izvo muchirimo uye chirimo achitamba zvose mavara ose muraraungu.

muzvarirwo

Wanda uye kujairika ipapo nyika: Antarctica - nyika chando - yacho kupfuura unexplored panyika, uye saka pamusoro kasvisto ayo uye fauna of anozivikanwa kwete zvikuru. The utsinye okunze zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti chikamu chikuru idzi hapana upenyu. Pamusoro map - a, ice-akafukidzwa pasi nesinou, apo masikati nomoto havangaruwani zvinomera. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nzvimbo miti nyika akabudirira kukura akasiyana-siyana lichens, mosses uye hunokuvadza. Uyewo, pane angiosperms uye algae.

Most akapfuma kumahombekombe, kunyanya mu kumaodzanyemba Antarctica. Naizvozvo, pane dzinoita zhinji shiri, pakati inova chiratidzo kondinendi - yacho PENGUIN uye cormorants, petrels, skuas. Gungwa chando kunzwa zvakanaka uye saka vanoshingaira kurarama uye tinobereka dzisingaoneki hove huru, zvitema hove huru uye zvakasiyana-siyana pinnipeds. Vazhinji Antarctica iri kuArctic Circle: pano pane refu polar mazuva nousiku. Panguva danda vanozadzika mwedzi mitanhatu, saka kuona zuva kusvika parinonyura ikoko kungava kamwe pagore chete.

Erebus

Oddly zvakakwana, asi pakati permafrost, uye yakakura penzvimbo chando uye ndiyo negomo rinoputika panyika. Wakatanga kuoneka pakati XIX remakore, kunorwa of Great Britain: nayo aiyangarara mhenderekedzo yacho kondinendi. Mumwe British midziyo anonzi "Erebus" - saka zita dzemabota. Kokutanga munhu yamuka pamusoro yaMarch 10, 1908. Munguva yedu, kureba moto makomo - vanenge 3794 metres pamusoro pegungwa, zviri kuramba munhu mwena hombe rusingadzorwi, tichingorutsa dzvuku inopisa namakore chiutsi.

Antarctica, nyika chando, kudada Erebus. Handiti ndiwo mumwe anoputika matatu panyika kuti anovanda ayo pakadzika hariperi mabota mudhamu. Mukuwedzera Rafa kweArctic hariperi reserves emura mabota chete panguva Kilauea muHawaii uye reNyiragongo mu Africa. Muzana remakore rapfuura pakanga 8 kwemakomo, chikuru - muna 1972. Zvinofadza, asi pose iri Dziine Erebus Ice seshongwe wokumwe uye noshamisa zvitarisiko - ichi nechando hwemvura geysers uye dhaka kuti haana-kupedza karwizi raparadza subsoil romoto gomo.

pamipata akaoma

Vazhinji zvinonakidza zvinhu chingadzidzwa nokugadzirira mushumo huru kana basa racho. Antarctica - nyika chando, asi vangadai vakafunga kuti uku ndiko ndiyo iri driest nzvimbo Panyika. Anenge mamiriyoni maviri makore pakanga pasina mvura. Chikonzero mhepo dzose simba vari kufamba vari kumhanya 320 km / h: yacho mwando runopwa, vaigovera kushaya zvakakwana chando uye mvura munzvimbo vemo. Uye pasinei payo wakatandavarira muna Dry mumipata Lake Vida neonikisi - wakarebesa rwizi mu Antarctica.

Zvinoshamisa, pane yakawanda inodzidzisa uye akanaka nzvimbo. Somuenzaniso, Don Giovanni - kupfuura wakawanda nyanza munyika, munyu wevasungwa iyo sezvinongoitawo 40%, izvo kaviri kupfuura Dead Sea. Dry mipatawo vamiririri vanofarira chaizvo NASA, nekuti yomunharaunda okunze zvikuru zvakafanana Mars. Zuva vokuAmerica vari kuita tsvakurudzo, izvo, sezvinei, ndiko kubudirira zvikuru. Vanobvumira kuti kuwana utachiona zhinji kuti vari testamendi yokuti upenyu pasi tsvuku nyika kuchiripo.

ropa Falls

It ari Dry mumipata, imwe musayendisiti vokuAustralia uye geologist Griffith Taylor muna 1911 akazoziva nzvimbo chinoshamisa: kubva hofori rechando yakayerera piriviri hova. Pakutanga taifunga kuti ruvara mvura anopa tsvuku algae, asi shanduro iyi yaiva kururama. Chete emakore akazotevera, masayendisiti akawana chakavanzika Ropa Falls: The bhuku rine yakawanda ferrous simbi iri oxidized nendege, anotendeukira ngura. The chaizvo chete simbi - inogadzirwa muviri ezvinhu zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti vagere mvura iyi.

Mvura pamusoro Blood Falls Zvaringana: chinobva mugungwa, iyo chakavanzika panguva kudzika 400 metres pakadzika rechando. Animals kugara mairi ngozi kurarama pasina okisijeni, kupisa uye chiedza. Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda vari kufarira mubvunzo kupi anoita zvose aigona kuumba mapopoma chaiyo, nekuti Antarctica - nyika chando, ukuwo, tembiricha pano anogara yakaderera. Zvino chinhu zvakafanana munyu. In Continental mvura zviri zvechokwadi zvakawanda, saka matsime regai -oma kunyange dzichiruma chaizvo chando.