Mhando ramps uye mararamiro avo

Fish ndokudzikunda - Vagari vekare zvemvura yakadzika. zvisikwa izvi husinganzwisisiki pamwe Sharks (hama dzavo dzepedyo) ndiwo mukuru vagere zvomumvura kunyikadzimu. Stingrays zvakawanda dzinonakidza features, pane chokwadi, vakasiyana nevamwe vamiririri fauna of kurarama mumvura.

Masayendisiti akasvika pakugumisa kuti kunyange munguva dzekare, madzitateguru Sharks uye mwaranzi havana zvakasiyana zvikuru nemamiriro mitumbi. Asi nokuti mamiriyoni emakore takaita mhuka idzi dzakasiyana mumwe.

Ramp: chii howa runobva

Stingrays vari nehove cartilaginous superorder elasmobranch dzakava zviumbu shanu namashanu mhuri. Modern murwere hove (yaifananidzira mhuka zvakajeka kuonekwa) kunoratidzwa zvikuru sandara muviri uye musoro, fused pamwe pectoral zvimbi, aunopiwa chisikwa inofadza uye zvichida naka maonero. Ruvara mhuka hunoenderana nzvimbo inogara:

• gungwa mvura;
• mvura yakachena.

Vakai murwere

Top ruvara mwaranzi muviri kunogona kuva chiedza (jecha), mavara (pamwe dzinonakidza designs), uye kwasviba. Nemhaka ruvara ichi, vanogona kuonekwa Masked, kubatanidzwa nomumwe pamwe dzakapoteredza nzvimbo uye kuva anongoda asingaoneki kune dzimwe mhuka. Kana yepazasi chikamu chomuviri zvisikwa izvi, ave mutemo, zviri chiedza, anenge chena. On yomukati divi murwere vari nhengo, muromo uye mhino, gills (mbiri mashanu). The muswe kuti zvomugungwa ane shinda-kufanana chimiro.

Mhando ramps akasiyana zvikuru zvose kukura uye maitiro. Ukuru rudzi urwu zvichisiyana vaviri masendimita kuti mamita anoverengeka. mapapiro anogona kusvika mamita anopfuura maviri (semuenzaniso, kupenya pakati Fern mhuri). In stingrays vane zvavo chinokosha dziri zvombo. Ivo remadza wacho achibatsirwa dzemagetsi discharges, izvo zvibereko zvamarudzi ose nemwaranzi, asi uwandu Volt simba 220 chete. buditsa Izvi zvichava zvakakwana kuti kwete chete remadza nhengo dzemuviri, asi kutungamirira kurufu.

mapoka

mhando dzakawanda mwaranzi vari pedo pasi upenyu uye uchidzidza clams, magakanje. Pelagic mhando ukuparadze plankton uye nehove diki. Ngationei izvo zviumbu emit masayendisiti:

• magetsi;
• piloryloobraznye;
• rajiformes;
• myliobatiformes.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana nemwaranzi dzinogona kuwanikwa siyana munzvimbo yedu yose. Ivo inowanikwa Antarctica uye North Arctic Ocean. Kana uchida kupupurira kubhururuka stingray, wozoenda kune kweAustralia, mune zvinopfuura zvakakwana. Most-siyana nemwaranzi, mufananidzo zviri munyaya ino zvakazara buritsa yose nyaya chokuvapo kwavo uye upenyu ano.

Unique kufema maitiro

Flying nemakapeti of pemvura nyika - nayo ramps hove. Species yemhuka idzi nevamwe zvakasikwa nokuti vane mamwe kufema hurongwa pane dzimwe hove kuti kufema kuburikidza gills. Air zvinoenda muviri Via dzinokosha ramps spiracle dzinongoda pamusoro musana. mano aya vanodzivirirwa rinokosha vharafu. Kana zvikaitika kuti yokumwe chinhu opinda navo, murwere anoenda kure nokubvumira kubva bryzgalets mvura jeti.

Motion mwaranzi akafanana kungozvifunga. Kutama, havashandisi muswe, sezvinoita dzimwe hove. Vanotanga norubatsiro zvimbi.

Otherness

neyemitenusirwa All anosiyana, chokutanga, miganhu. Zvakasikwa, hove vanozivikanwa kureba masendimita mashomanana, uye stingrays, ane saizi anouya kusvikira mamita manomwe. Uyezve, zvinoitwa nomumwe mhando zvakasiyana nokure. Vamwe vavo havana kuyeuka kusvetukira pamusoro mvura pamusoro, apo vamwe vanosarudza kuchera mujecha uye chinyararire kuti zororo.

Fish ndokudzikunda - chikara nyama, ndizvo zvokudya chikuru inotevera upenyu marina:

• Sarimoni;
• rehove pamunhu;
• capelin;
• octopus;
• magakanje.

Stingrays vari saka siyana kuti kunyange kuvhima zvombo, mumwe anoshandisa akasiyana - chinhu kuti ave paakavapa zvisikwa. Electric, vakabata nezvavakatapa, rinotaura zvimbi ayo uye ane Magetsi, vakamirira rufu kwayo. A spiny anouraya akuvara muswe wake, rakazara schipami iye plunges kupinda muvengi. Kudya dzemugungwa uye crustaceans, vari kutendeukira kuna kuita ndiro kuti atsive mazino avo, ivo ivo ukuye chikafu zvavo. Panyaya kubereka, dzimwe mhando vari viviparous, vamwe mazai avo chaiyo yezvakaita Kamudzira.

Stingray: Types

1. Fern - kubva mhuri nehove huru, muri pelagic. zvisikwa huru izvi kushambira akasununguka megungwa uye achitsva munharaunda. Eagle mwaranzi kufamba tichibatsirwa shamhu Wavy pamapapiro ayo - zvimbi. Mobula nguo uye yakasvinwa mvura kubva plankton.
2. Hvostokolov vane yakapinza yakatesvera panyanga dzacho pamusoro pepasi muviri. The muswe hove ichi kunobereka chepfu chakavanzika, nei kuridza kunogona kuurayisa. Uturu anopinda ronda, anogona kukonzera tachycardia, kurutsa, kurwadziwa uye vasanyanye kumanikidzwa, rutivi rwomuviri.
3. Guitar nowenyika mu chimiro Sharks, asi vane gills kuti anorondedzera kuti mawere. Vanoishandisa kufamba muswe, ndiro nowenyika shark. Rinodya hove diki uye molluscs. On vakabirwa kukandwa pamusoro, kutsikirira navo pasi uye ipapo kudya.
4. Gnyusovye - mhuri stingrays, pane vanenge 40 marudzi. Vane vakaneta, kushambira zvishoma nezvishoma, avanotarisira nhema pasi, akavigwa mujecha. Kana zvakatapwa akananga pedyo zvakakwana chete zvemagetsi buditsa kuti stun naye uye ipapo kudya. Electrical discharges zvinoshandiswa pakuzvimirira.
5. Narcinidae - anononoka pasi-yokugara hove, kubereka zvinopfuura 37 volts. Yavanogara vakadzikama latitudes, kufanana akadzivira jecha coves pedyo nekorari kumboongororwa, estuaries.
6. Pilorylye zvinosanganisira marudzi manomwe hove-cheka. Kazhinji akafanana Sharks kurarama munyika dzinopisa nzvimbo. Vakaguta nechikoro hove. Kana ichipaza kuva remidzanga rehove pamunhu, urove akaona hove somunondo, uye ipapo kunhonga ribve pasi. njodzi haagoni kupiwa nokuda munhu.

Unhu uye kusiyana

Vangani siyana nemwaranzi kuripo Panyika? Pamwe pane anenge 600, asi vakawanda vavo vanogara mvura munyu: makungwa, uye nyanza.

Funga vaya vanogara Freshwater mvura:

1. Sea dhiabhorosi - chipfuwo makuru saizi, uremu anosvika vaviri matani. Ndiye spodvig vakwasvi anyore kupfuura incredible rinotyisa ngano. Fungidzira kwekanguva, sezvo nhunzi mumvura chisikwa yairema matani 2, uye kwekanguva pashure akatuma kwakadzika. Pasinei chokwadi kuti ndicho chikuru kukura mutserendende, haina magetsi simba, uyewo otsutsvuyut spines uye meno. Uye elongated muswe chiri asina chiuno chinhu. Pasinei zita raro, zvakanaka hunhu uye vanhu havana kuvabata.
2. Electric ranzi anonziwo machena. hove ngozi uye anotyisa, izvo masero zvibereko magetsi kukura 220 volts. Izvi mhando hove anozivikanwa kwenguva refu, saizi yaro iri 1.5 metres refu uye 1 mita pahupamhi. Anoyera pakati 25-30 makirogiramu, yokumusoro muviri yakashongedzwa chena uye shava mitaro kuti noruvara ayo dzingasiyana. A munhukadzi yemagetsi kachiedza panguva kunogona vana kusvika 14. Kana vanotarisana chero ngozi, izvozvo anovanda navo kwekanguva mumuromo mangu, kusvikira kutyisidzira asingadi kupfuura. Izvi hove incredible chinhu kuti anogona wakaiswa hove chero.
3. murwere zita Spiny rakanga muswe wake. hove ake plunges yake inotevera akuvara, uye ipapo kuminyuka shure vakakwana. zvombo zvavo mudzakisirwa zvabudiswa chete kana mukana kunzwa. Zvokudya Zvokudya zvinosanganisira molluscs, crustaceans, raakanga chinyararire kukuya asina mazino, uye Platinum.

chechienzi hove

Kana richibhururuka nomurume hove kudaro kujairika uye zvinonakidza, zvinoita munhu zvisingafi pfungwa. On Earth, pane zvakasiyana-siyana pakubhadhara yemwaranzi. mazita avo kazhinji dzinoratidza mararamiro avo. Stingrays - ichi ndiyo chaiyo shavishavi makungwa, uye nyanza, izvo zvinofadza meso nokunaka kwaro kujairika.