Alexander Popov: redhiyo uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Biography Aleksandra Stepanovicha Popova

Alexander Popov, pikicha chichakurukurwa akatsanangura pazasi, akaberekwa mupurovhinzi Perm muna 1859, gore musi 4 March. Akafa muSt Petersburg muna 1905, musi 31 December. Popov Aleksandr Stepanovich - imwe yakakurumbira Russian nemagetsi mainjiniya uye yefizikisi. Kubvira 1899, gore akanga akaita honorary magetsi injiniya, uye kubvira 1901-ndipo - ezvinhu yedare.

Brief Biography pamusoro Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha

Kuwedzera mhuri yake vakanga vana vatanhatu. Pazera 10 Aleksandr Popov akatumwa Dolmatovsky chikoro. In chikoro ichi Mukoma wake vakadzidzisa Latin. Muna 1871 Popov akatamisa kuchikoro Yekaterinburg echitendero mugiredhi rechitatu, uye kubudikidza 1873 ndipo kudzidza pashure zvizere weboka 1st, muchikwata soro. Mugore iroro akapinda chebhaibheri muguta Perm. Muna 1877 ndipo Alexander Popov vakabudirira vakapfuura napo bvunzo kuSt Petersburg University muna Physics uye Mathematics weVadzidzisi Vedare. Makore kudzidza yemberi kutsvakurudza mushandi havana nyore. Akamanikidzwa kutsvaka mabasa, sezvo zvinhu hazvina kukwana. Panguva basa rake kufanana zvidzidzo zvavo zvinoumba chokupedzisira maonero ake yesayenzi. Zvikurukuru, zvakatanga inosanganisira mibvunzo wefizikisi ano uye magetsi mapurani. Muna 1882 Aleksandr Popov kudzidza kukoreji aine dhigirii mumiriri. Akabvunzwa kuti varambe kuyunivhesiti kuti kugadzirira professorship pa weDhipatimendi Physics. Mugore iroro akatsigira chinyorwa chake "On misimboti chidhayinamo uye magneto michina ine dzose uno."

Kutanga basa nesayenzi

Mukomana nyanzvi iri chaizvo mwoyo experimental tsvakurudzo mumunda magetsi - akabatana kirasi Mine Kronstadt purofesa magetsi engineering, masvomhu uye wefizikisi. Paiva akashongedzerwa zvakanaka hofisi wefizikisi. Muna 1890 Alexander Popov akanzi adzidzise sayenzi iri Technical College Maritime Office muna Kronstadt. Parallel izvi, kubvira 1889 kusvika 1898, gore akanga musoro huru simba chirimwa muna Nizhny Novgorod Fair. kupembedza zvose nguva yake Popov akapa experimental basa. Mubvunzo mukuru kuti chaibatanidzwa kudzidza, vaiva ehupfumi ose remagetsi nemafungu.

Mitambo kubvira 1901 kusvika 1905

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kubva muna 1899 fung Alexander Popov aiva musoro honorary zvemagetsi injiniya uye nhengo Russian tehobschestva. Kubvira 1901, akava purofesa wefizikisi panguva Electrotechnical Institute of Emperor Alexander III. Zvegore, Popov akapiwa mamakisi ndokuendeswa (zvavo) chinzvimbo wechishanu - State Patson. Muna 1905, nguva pfupi asati afa, Popov kubudikidza zvasarudzwa Yedzidzo Council of Institute, iye akasarudzwa Rector. Mugore iroro musayendisiti awana rimwe dacha asiri kure yemapurisa. Udomlya. Apo mhuri yake yaigara afa. Akafa musayendisiti, sezvinoratidzwa enhoroondo magwaro, kubva sitiroko. Kubvira 1921, gore chisarudzo SNK of RSFSR musayendisiti mhuri kwave kupfeka "upenyu rubatsiro". Ichi pfupi Biography pamusoro Popova Aleksandra Stepanovicha.

experimental zvidzidzo

Chii chaiva chikuru budiriro iri rakanga rakakurumbira Popov Alexander Stepanovich? Kugadzirwa redhiyo ndiyo nemhaka yemakore akawanda kutsvakurudza basa musayendisiti. kuedza ake pamusoro radiotelegrafirovaniyu yefizikisi hwapera 1897 pamusoro kuBaltic Fleet ngarava. Munguva ayo vari Swiss musayendisiti vabatsiri netsaona yakati kuti kana pane kukwana excitation mureza coherer anotanga kutendeutsa amplitude modulated mukuru Frequency Mureza kuva pasi maitikiro. Somugumisiro, zvinokwanisika kutora nazvo nzeve. Tichifunga izvi, Alexander Popov chakagadziridzwa mugamuchiri, dzinoisa kuti handsets mukutsinhana tisanzwe ataure. Somugumisiro, muna 1901 akagamuchira ropafadzo Russian muupenyu hutsva mhando teregirafu receiver. Chishandiso Popov wokutanga waiva zvishoma dzakachinjwa mharidzo zvedzidzo marongero kuenzanisira kuedza kuti Hertz. Pakutanga 1895 Russian yefizikisi akafarirawo kuedza Lodge, uyo nani coherer mugamuchiri, uye rakagadzirirwa, kuburikidza izvo zvaibvira kugamuchira anonongedzera ari chinhambwe mana mamita. Popov akaedza bereka womuchato, zvichiita nadzurudzo Lodge pachako mudziyo wako.

Zvakakurukurwa mudziyo Popov

Coherer Lodge dzaitaurwa muchimiro girazi chubhu yaiva yakazara simbi mafufu, vaikwanisa rinooneka - anoverengeka zana - vachinje conductivity zvavo pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu redhiyo chiratidzo. Kuunza mudziyo Nezvenzvimbo yawo yepakutanga, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti zunzai guruva - saka nokushushikana kuonana pakati pavo. The coherer Lodge akanga akapa chinhu otomatiki muridzi wengoma, uyo vakarova tichingotama chubhu. Popov akatanga otomatiki neizvi kubatana redunhu. Somugumisiro, mashoko ataure rakashanda paredhiyo zvaisanganisira kudanwa. In run ichi panguva vachiridzira mbambo, izvo kurova chubhu pamwe sawdust. Paaiita kuedza ake achishandisa Popov afunga Tesla muna 1893 makateyiwa ari kanyanga rechikepe.

Kushandiswa mudziyo

nguva yokutanga mudziyo wako Popov akapa muna 1895, gore musi April 25, sezvo chikamu hurukuro "The ukama zvesimbi upfu kusvika magetsi oscillations." Yefizikisi yakabudiswa navo rondedzero dzakachinjwa mudziyo yakati zvayo undoubted makomborero, zvikurukuru kunyoresa perturbations zvakadyiwa zvomumhepo uye kuti hurukuro zvinangwa. Scientific achiratidza tariro kuti ake mudziyo inogona kushandiswa wokushandura anonongedzera munharaunda uchishandisa kutsanya yemagetsi oscillations vachava kuonekwa rekukwazisa panobva remafungu. Gare gare (kubvira 1945) musi mharidzo Popov zvakavharwa inopembererwa sezvo Radio Day. Its yefizikisi mudziyo chokuita kunyora coils
. Richard, kuwana saka, mudziyo Detective mumhepo remagetsi oscillations. Zvadaro, nadzurudzo iyi yaishandiswa Lachinov, vakapisa "dutu chinoratidza" pamusoro Weather Station. Zvinosuruvarisa mabasa Navy Department vakaisa mitemo vamwe pamusoro Popov. Panyaya iyi, kuchengeta yakatarwa mutoro kwete pachena mashoko, yefizikisi haana kubudisa nemigumisiro matsva basa ravo, sezvo vakanga iyoyo tisanzwe mashoko.