Alexander Afanasyev uye mabasa ake

mabhuku api verenga kusvika kubva firimu? Chokwadi, nyaya. Ndiyo nyaya yokutanga, iyo kuudza vabereki kuti vana vavo. Izvi, isu dzokubvisa zvidzidzo yokutanga: akanaka akasimba kupfuura zvakaipa, inogara rowana. Uye kunyange zvazvo nzira dzimwe nguva nelogok, asi iwe unogona kurega uye kuti vatende pachavo uye nesimba ravo. Akachenjera, zvakanaka rungano - iri nyika hombe, izvo anovhura mwana kubva pamazuva oupenyu okutanga.

Ari kudzidza kufunga, kusiyanisa zvakanaka kubva pane zvakaipa, kuongorora zviito zvevanhu rungano vatambi. Tales rokugadzirira mwana upenyu mukuru, vanodzidziswa sei kuzvibata munyika yakakura iyi. Kana totaura rungano, hazvibviri haana kuyeuka guru "nyaya-mutauri wemashoko" - Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev, nekuti taizova pasina uye havana kuziva chinhu "Gomarara" kana "Chickens Ryaba" kana "Bun".

basa rekuita

Afanasev Aleksandr Nikolaevich (1826-1871) akazvarwa Voronezh nharaunda, guta Boguchar. Baba akashanda se gweta uye saka akaedza kupa vana vavo dzidzo yakanaka. Ndapedza chikoro chesekondari Voronezh Afanasiev akatuma kuMoscow, uko akapinda yunivhesiti. Ndapedza, anodzidzisa mabhuku uye nhoroondo Russian, uye gore gare gare akapinda basa iri arşive.

Pamwe ndiwo makore basa Archive zvave kupfuura vana rokusika kuremekedzwa. Ikoko vakasangana nevanhu vanoverengeka magwaro chenhau kukosha, asi dzisingambosvikiki kune ruzhinji. Afanasiev rinobudisa magazini "The Bibliographic manotsi," uye akaona chiedza zvinhu chokuita basa yakakurumbira Russian nevafungi, vanyori uye vadetembi. Alexander Afanasyev akanyora zvakawanda, anoita somunhu mutsvakurudzi uye mutori. Mumwe mabhuku mashoma makore aya:

• "N. Novikov. "
• "Russian bhuku kutengeserana."
• "Satire Cantemir".
• "The mabhuku polemics wekupedzisira remakore."

Chinhu kuti aisagona rakabudiswa muna Russia, akanga nengarava kunze uye akaonekwa muLondon Anthology rinoti "Polar Star", mumwe wevaparidzi iyo yaiva Russian echimurenga A. I. Gertsen. Muna 1862, Afanasyeva adzingwa basa, mhosva pachishandiswa London mashoko. Alexander Afanasyev pasina basa zvechigarire aiva makore mashoma, uye muna 1865 akapinda Duma Assistant Secretary, inofamba nezvenzvimbo munyori makore maviri gare gare. munyori Great akafa pazera 45 of tibhii.

nhoroondo basa

Anoda kwazvo kare, Afanasiev rinoongorora zvose kwakabatana munhoroondo Russia, zvinotora pamusoro rugwaro rwakanyorwa nemaoko bhuku rekare. Zvaanazvo dzakawanda mabasa rakazvipira munhoroondo Russia, akabudisa navo magazini "Contemporary" ( "State Farm pasi Peter Mukuru", "muPskov Pakutonga Charter" uye vamwe.). Anonyora wongororo chenhau mabhuku racho "Society of History uye Antiquities" payunivhesiti. Ndiye "Society of Vadi Literature", rinoongorora yamabhuku, anotaura uye rinobudisa nyaya nezvokusikwa mashoko matsva avanhu. Wakakura zvikuru uye yaivhuvhuta ezvinhu nokuti Afanasiev apedza uye akabudisa chikuru basa hwake - ". Zvokudetemba maonero yezvakaita Slavs"

mabhuku mabasa

Kubvira 1850, Alexander Afanasiev ari kushandisa zvakakwana wokutsvakurudza chokuita ngano, mungano uye ethnography vanhu. Zvidzidzo ake munokosha zvikuru. Anotipa kare kure, kwakatangira mutauro ano. Zvinounza dzakafara negurumwandira kare tsika, zvitendero, ngano uye Madimkira necheSalvic mabhuku. Panguva iyoyo, rakabudiswa mumabhuku akawanda, vanopfuura 60 nyaya, kusanganisira:

• "Sekuru imba" kudzidza pamusoro mungano.
• "Somuzivi uye Witch."
• "Zoomorphic Vanamwari Slavs."
• "A Mashoko mashoma pamusoro ukama mutauro pamwe chevarwere mashura."
• "Vechihedheni tsika pachitsuwa Buyan".
• "Russian satirical magazini 1769-1774 gg.".

Russian zvavo dzechembere

On the nechido Afanasyev akanyora dzechembere nyanzvi Russian uye ethnographer Pypin A. N. In kudzokorora rokutanga reShanduro rengano, akaona kuti fananidzo fairytale motifs Afanasiev uye akabudirira chaizvo chitaridzi. Kunyange zvakadaro, akabva akashora naye zvinoreva munyori ari kuedza kupa duku Zviitiko ngano tsananguro. Chernyshevsky Ng akataurawo izvi, asi akawedzera kuti hatigoni kubvumirana netsanangudzo Afanasyev.

Zvakawanda kuvatsoropodzi Alexander Afanasyev akati mungano - sayenzi chete, uye chete unogona kusikazve mufananidzo wakakwana mazuva akare apo zvishoma zvakadzama zviri kudzidzwa. Akataura kuti ngano, ngano, mungano ndiyo vasingasiyani kubva munhoroondo rwacho. ngano zhinji vanenge nechokuita mananara zvakasikwa, izvo hapana tsananguro, izvo kamwe zvakare kunoratidza ngano mupfungwa. Kusanzwisisa nevatsoropodzi ukoshi kwesayenzi kutsvakurudza ake pamusoro mungano vakanga ruzivo Afanasyev kunorwadza.

The muunganidzwa rengano okutanga

Afanasyev shanduro rengano idzodzo ezvinhu - a mhando feat. Akanyorera tsamba mupepeti "Notes of Yababa" uye anokumbira kuti pakadhindwa zvavo dzechembere. Anotsanangura muenzaniso Brothers Grimm, inova zvinhu zvinokosha kuti akakodzera kufarira. Asi mashoko ari mumagazini uye haana kuzviratidza sezvo bhuku, iyo panguva iyoyo vanayo Afanasiev, kure vakapfuura nezvaanogona remagazini.

Muna 1952, kuRussia Geographical Society anotumira Afanasyev muunganidzwa Ngano, uyo akanga ari yamabhuku ake. Pakazosvika nguva dzinoshandiswa munyori chave anenge 1000 rengano raireva nayo Dalem V. I. Both zvinhu zvinoda kungwarira kukurukurwa, sezvo zvinounganidzwa siyana vanhu, uye kutsikisa unhu zvakasiyana, uye manyorerwo. Muna 1855 akabudisa pakadhindwa yokutanga "Russian zvavo dzechembere."

Out dzechembere Aleksandra Afanaseva akawanda zvabudiswa. Dzinokwana nyaya misere zvaisanganisira zvinopfuura 600 zvinhu. Akasarudza kubudisa anonakidza zvikuru vana rengano. Panguva iyoyo vaverengi kutanga akasangana Koshcheev uye Baba Yaga, akadzidza pamusoro Firebird uye Kolobok akanzwa pamusoro Small Palace uye Mary Morevna. Ndicho kupfuura panguva kuunganidzwa rengano munyika.

kupatsanura rengano

Kana zvimwe kugadzirira mashoko Afanasiev vakafunga panze uye patsanura nayo. Akagova Ngano mukati zvamapoka: Epic nyaya, rengano, mhuka ngano, nyaya varoyi uye zvitunha, neimba dzechembere uye chinosetsa. Gare gare, pashure porufu rwake, anoverengeka nyore kupatsanura: mhuka Ngano, zvakanaka uye magic-fi. Asi inobva papfungwa yokuti akasika Alexander Afanasyev.

Books vasingagoni kukonzera kusagutsikana wevafundisi uye zviremera. Kusenza tunodzivisa zvakasimba basa Afanasiev. Zvichakadaro kuGeneva yave kusunungurwa dzakaunganidzwa "Tales Kuchengetedzwa" kupfeka antichurch uye antibarsky hunhu. Publishing kuunganidza Afanasyeva - chiitiko chikuru mumagakava uye masayendisiti noupenyu Russia. Asunungurwa, vazhinji vakakurumbira nevatsoropodzi uye mabhuku vanotsoropodza nguva vaiva wongororo.

Wakarambidzwa dzechembere Afanasyev

Kunze chevana rengano, Afanasyev ndezvaiye dzakaunganidzwa Ngano kuti vakuru, rakabudiswa kuGeneva. "Russian zvavo dzechembere kwete bhuku" The muunganidzwa "Tales, ngano uye mifananidzo" Pakataurwawo rarambidzwa Russia uye akabudiswa kunze. Zviremera makaona nenzira kwayo zviri nezvepfungwa. Zvinosanganisira magwaro makaro, upenzi, dhiabhorosi, ngano omugungwa nemidzimu yakaipa. Very chinokosha panyaya nhaka dzakaunganidzwa vanhu pakunamata.

Mumakore ose kusenza nenzira kuunganidza mazhinji pasi mazita akasiyana. Somuenzaniso, rengano pamwe eroottinen kugutsikana akabudiswa pasi title: "Bharamu. Gore obscurantism. " Bhuku rino rakarambidzwa kwenguva refu. MuRussia, akauya kokutanga muna 1997. A yakakurumbira nemuteresi kuti ngano ndohwaJehovha dzakawanda mabhuku kuti yakabudiswa chipo.

Naizvozvo, vanowanzoororwa kuvhiringidzwa basa vomunguva edu, uyo akanyora bhuku "utachiona mapazi". Alexander Afanasyev - Contemporary munyori achinyora Genre nemauto. Asi basa rake hakuna chokuita Ngano yacho namesake guru, uyo akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna nekunhonga ngano. Total muunganidzwa Afanaseva Aleksandra Nikolaevicha anenge zviuru zviviri dzechembere. Akapinda nhoroondo Russian tsika sezvo vanobudisa dzakaunganidzwa pevairwara dzechembere okutanga.