Akmeology ndeyepi yesainzi? Professional acmeology

Miganhu ye ruzivo rwakakonzerwa nevanhu iri kuwedzera kusvika pakusakwanisa. Kune zvitsva, shanduro dzechidiki dzinobatsira kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nezvose zvakatipoteredza, nekuvandudza hupenyu hwehupenyu. Tichazotaura pamusoro peimwe yeiyi munyaya yedu. Sayenzi yeAcmeology ndiyo bazi rezivo pamusoro pekubudirira kwepamusoro pezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupenyu. Ndezvipi zvimwe vatsvakurudzi-acmeologists vari kuita uye izvo zvinobatsira zvakadini kubudirira kwavo zvinogona kuunza, tichaedza kuisa muchiedza chinonakidza munyaya yedu.

Akmeology ndeyepi yesainzi?

Izwi rokuti "acmeology" rinobva mumutauro wechiGiriki uye rine mazwi maviri echirevo: akme-vertex, logos (chikamu ichi chinonyatsozivikanwa kwatiri) - kudzidzisa. Nhasi izwi rokuti "acmeology" ndiro sayenzi yemagariro evanhu vertex.

Shanduro itsva inofungidzirwa sechikamu chekuwedzera kwepfungwa. Nhungamiro inokosha mukudzidza kweAcmeology ndeyekuti inongororesa kwete chete kubudirira kunoitwa nevanhu mukukura, asiwo zvinhu zvinoita kuti izvi zviitike. "Baba" veAcmeology, iyo Rybnikova NA inowanzoonekwa seyo, yakasarudzirwa kusonganidza izwi iri muna 1929 nesayenzi yekuvandudza vanhu vakakura.

Izvo zvakakosha zvakakosha zvemigumisiro yeAcmeological Conclusions ndeyokuti inomiririra zvinyorwa pamusoro pemamiriro ezvinhu akaendesa munhu kune zvakakwirira zvepfungwa, mumuviri uye mune zvekunamata. Muzvinhu zvakawanda izvi zvinotipa kuswedera pedyo nokunzwisisa zvinorehwa noupenyu.

Nhengo dzekudzidza nesayenzi

Acmeology ndeyekudzidza kwekuvandudzwa kwevanhu vakawanda. Anoedza kuvhara zvakanyanya sezvinobvira zvose zvese zvine chokuita nekusimudzirwa kwevanhu munguva yehukuru yehupenyu hwake. Iyi sayenzi inofukidza nguva dzakadaro se:

1. Zviratidzo zvakaratidzwa mukuzadzika kwezvigadzirwa zvekusika zvevanhu vakuru mukugadzira basa.
2. Zvikamu zvekudzidzisa kwevanhu vakuru uye nzira yekuva iyo seyanzvi.
3. Kuzvipira-sangano, kuzvidzidza kweunhu hunhu hwakakura, uyewo kuzvidzora mumatambudziko aya.
4. Zvikonzero zvehutano hwakasiyana (chinangwa, chimiro), zvichienderana nokubudirira kwezviito zvebasa, zvose zvinogadzirisa uye zvinokonzera kubudirira.
5. Zvinyanzvi zvekuvandudza munhu mukuru, kugadzirisa kuitika kwemamiriro matsva (zvinodikanwa zvebasa, kushanduka mune zvesayenzi, teknzidzo, mutsika kufambira mberi), kuzvirongedza, kuzviruramisa. Pano tinocherechedza kuchinja kwemukati, zvido zvemunhu wega (kuongororwa kwezvakanaka uye kuora kwemabasa avo, kuziva kwezvavanogona uye mano avo).

Nokudaro, mazuva ano acmeology ndiyo bazi rakasiyana nedzivo rezivo yesayenzi, yakagadzirirwa kunyatsonzwisisa kubudirira kwevanhu uye zvikamu zvinotungamirira kwazviri.

Pakutanga danho uye kukura kwemabhizimusi

Kutanga kweAgmeology seSayenzi yakarongedzwa muna 1928 naN. Rybnikov, uyo akashandura izwi iro pacharo sezita re sayenzi yekukura kwevanhu mumutsara mukuru wehupenyu. Asi ipapo nzira yesainzi yechidiki yakanga ichangotanga.

Rimwe rinoremekedzwa iro rakaparadzaniswa bazi rezivo acmeology rakava pakati pezana remakore rechi20. Zvadaro musayendisiti akakurumbira wokuRussia Ananyev BG akasarudza nzvimbo yehutungamiri hutsva, iyo yaanoita pakati pezvose zvesayenzi zvevanhu. Chinhu chiduku kune acmeology chaiva uye ndezvekupfungwa kwepfungwa.

Nhamba yepamusoro yekuzivikanwa kwesayenzi yekufambira muhukuru yakawanikwa mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira. Vakabatanidzwa mune sayenzi yakadai seAcmeology, Derkach AA neBodalev AA Pasi peutungamiri hwavo, dhigiriro rekutanga reAcmeology (zita rakazara - chigaro cheAcmeology uye Psychological of Professional Occupation) rakazarurwa muRussia Academy of Public Administration pasi peMutungamiri weRussian Federation. Muna 1992, Academy of Acmeology yakazaruka uye yakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo muSt. Petersburg. Chiitiko chacho chakatangwa nevasayendisiti vekuRussia vekushanda kwepfungwa Kuzmina NV, Derkach AA, Zimichev AM

Nhasi, acmeology iri pedyo zvikuru nezvinangwa uye nyaya yekudzidza pedagogy uye psychology.

Pazvikamu zvekutanga, shanduro itsva yakashandurwa pakudzidza zvinhu zvinobvumira vanhu vakuru kuti vawane zvakanakisa kubudirira mune chero rudzi rwemabasa (kutarisira, mishonga, mitemo, izvi zvinosanganisira mitambo yemagetsi). Zvishoma nezvishoma, vatsvakurudzi vakasvika pakagumisa kuti nheyo yehutende hwekuita kwevanhu muhukuru hunoiswa muhuduku. Pakuvamba kwehupenyu hutsva hutsva hunobudirira, ruzivo rwunowedzera, mafungiro kune rimwe kana rumwe rutivi rwebasa rinoumbwa uye rinogara rakagadzirirwa kugadzirira. Zvose izvi, kana ndikataura kudaro, munguva yakakura, kuvaka hubudiriro hwomunhu mumativi ose.

Institute of Acmeology muSt. Petersburg

Acmeology yakanga isingazivikanwi sezvesayenzi yakazvimirira pasi rose. Saka, masayendisiti kunze kwenyika anotaura kuti iyo ndiyo yekuongorora pfungwa. Asi vaRussia, zvakadaro, vakanyanya kukoshesa ruzivo rutsva, vachizviziva pahurumende.

Muna 1995, Institute of Psychology and Acmeology muSt. Petersburg yakavhurwa (zita rekutanga rechivako raiva St. Petersburg Akmeologic Academy). Iyi ndiyo yaiva yekutanga iyo yakarongedza mukudzidza kwakadzika kwebazi duku rezivo.

Munguva iyo iyo acmeology yakaunganidza mitsva yezvidzidzo zvavo, mhando dzakawanda dzakatanga. Tichakurukura navo gare gare munyaya ino.

Mazano eAcmeology

Zvakasiyana mukati memiganhu ye dzidziso iri pasi apa ndeyeyanzvi acmeology. Uyewo, ine zvinyorwa zvayo:

- pedagogical acmeology;

- chikoro;

- Acmeology yemitambo;

- hukama;

- Hondo;

- Chiremba.

Mamwe mazano e sayenzi ekubudirira mukukura ndeyekushandura, kugadzira, mahedheni, kugadzirisa acmeology, uyewo kutungamira uye dzidzo yezvinyorwa zvechimiro.

Munhu akakura mumusangano weAcmeological point of view

Pakati peiyo iyo acmeology inonyanya kukoshesa unhu hwakakura nehwo hwakagadzirwa uye huri hungobuda huno.

Sayenzi inopa zviratidzo zvehutano hwakakura. Uyu ndiwo pfungwa yakagadziriswa yemutoro, chido chekugadzirisa matambudziko ehupenyu hwakaoma, chikonzero chekutarisira vamwe, kuva mune zvepfungwa mupfungwa yevanhu, kushingairira kutora hupenyu hupenyu hwevanhu, kushandisa unyanzvi hwavo uye mano - chinhu chose chinotungamirira pakuzviziva zvakakwana.

Chiratidzo chokuti munhu uyu munhu akakwana ndiko kugamuchirwa muboka rehupenyu hweunhu hwake uye kukosha. Zvichienderana nekutaridzirwa kwomumwe munhu munzanga, mafungiro ake pakubudirira kwake uye kukanganisa kwake kwaari kunoumbwa. Ikozvino, pane kukoshesa pamunhu pachake. Kana kuonekwa kusati kwasvika, munhu anonzwa kushungurudzika kwepfungwa.

Kana munhu asingagamuchiri kupupura kana mune zvemagariro evanhu kana kumunhu oga, izvi zvinomutyisidzira nehutano hwepfungwa hweunhu.

Mukuwedzera pakuratidza maonero ake pamusoro pokukura kwevanhu, acmeology inotivimbisa kuti inonyanya kukosha munharaunda iyo munhu mumwe nomumwe ane nguva yekuita kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira. Nenzira, acme ndiyo nguva inobatsira zvikuru muupenyu hwemunhu.

Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuumbwa kweunhu hwakakura

Kubudirira kwezvikwata zvakasiyana-siyana zvebasa zvinogona kuitika mune zvimwe zviitiko. Acmeology inodzidzawo izvi. Uye heinoi nguva dzose, mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa, iye akasarudza achiti:

- sangano rakarurama renguva;

- kuumbwa kwenzvimbo inoshanda pakusarudza nzira yeupenyu;

- unyanzvi uye tsika dzemarudzi ;

- kuwirirana kwezvinhu zvomunhu pachake uye mamiriro ezvinhu emamiriro ezvinhu ethnopsychological, simba rekupedzisira pamusoro pekuumbwa kweunhu ;

- mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka ekukunda kukupesana pakati pezvakatipoteredza uye munhu;

- kugadzirisa zvinogadzirisa zvinetso nemabasa evanhu vakuru;

- Kuziva nezvekugona kwavo, kuzvigadzirisa uye kuzviona ivo pachavo semuumbi wehupenyu hwavo.

Mhedziso

Nokudaro, patinenge tichikurukurirana, takaona kuti chii chinonzi acmeology uye kuti chinorevei chaicho mune kukura kwevanhu. Isu takadzidzawo kuti muRussia iyi yesayenzi duku yakazivikanwa sebazi rakasimudzira ruzivo, uye mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemashanu, Institute of Psychology and Acmeology muSt. Petersburg yakavhurwa. Sayenzi yekufambira muhukuru inogona kubatsira munhu kuziva zvaanoda chaizvo kuti abudirire. Ita kuti acme yako itange zvakare kana kuti ienderere kwemakumi emakore akawanda!