Acetylene: mafomu mukurapa, indasitiri,

Acetylene anoreva Mahydrocarbon unsaturated akatevedzana. remubatanidzwa ichi, uye ayo homologs siyana vanoshumira se mbishi zvinhu nokuda kwetunhu yakawanda namakemikari zvigadzirwa.

Properties uye kugadzirwa acetylene

In ezvinhu ose mumhepo dzvinyiriro uye kuipa tembiricha, acetylene chinhu Hauoneki gasi. Kana tembiricha iri akatura kuti kukosha -85 madhigirii uye tikarega mune imwe remubatanidzwa wehurumende - chikukutu. In chimiro iyi crystals. Cherechedza kuti mune mvura uye rakasimba hurumende acetylene inogona putika pasi nezvaizoitwa kukweshera kana aaiitawo (zvemaziso kana hydraulic). pfuma iyi dzinongoita anosarudza ayo nzvimbo chikumbiro. Acetylene combustion zvakaitwa rinowanikwa pamberi okisijeni. Somugumisiro izvi pane murazvo, dzinoratidzwa zvepamusoro tembiricha zviratidzo (3150 madhigirii) zvichienzaniswa mamwe marudzi mafuta.

The chikuru kugadzirwa nzira ndiyo zvakaitwa acetylene, apo nekutaurirana karusiyamu carbide uye mvura. Izvi zvakabuda pamusangano tembiricha anenge 2000 madhigirii zviratidzo uye endothermic.

Pane kudaro chinhu sezvo goho kuti acetylene. Ndiyo mari iri aburitswa manyowa kubva 1 kg calcium carbide. GOST 1460-56 unobatsira chaizvo tsika kupiwa ukoshi, inova zvakananga kushanda ukuru granulation ari kutanga zvinhu. Saka, mhedzisiro imwe PARTICIPLE saizi zviduku zviri karusiyamu carbide ndiko kuderedza acetylene goho.

muenzaniso uyu ndiyo migumisiro kuvapo wakaisvonaka carbide nezvimedu nouipi, semuenzaniso karusiyamu oxide.

Kune dzimwe, shoma kura, zvinodhura uye simba-nyanyisa nzira zvibereko acetylene. Somuenzaniso, chafariz-oxidative methane pyrolysis maitiro negasi; manyowa ramafuta, neparafini nezvimwe rinochiwedzera kubudikidza elektropiroliza.

Storage uye zvifambiso

Nzira dzose okuchengetera uye yokufambisa anopa kushandisa sepombi. Vari vakazadzwa rinokosha kurema porous kusachinja-chinja. Zvinonzi akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya acetone, izvo nyore urwa acetylene. Kushandiswa nzira iyi inogona yekudyidzana awedzere nokugaramo pamusoro acetylene humburumbira uye, pazvese, lowers explosiveness kwayo.

Refu kuonana kubva acetylene pamwe simbi akadai mhangura uye sirivha, zvowedzera explosivity kwayo. Naizvozvo, impermissible kushandisa zvinhu ringave riine nesimbi izvi, zvakadai mavharuvhu.

Kazhinji, asi sepombi vanofanira kuva anokosha mavharuvhu, akagadzirirwa zvakananga kuchengetera acetylene.

kunyatsoshandisa yose humburumbira vanokwanisa vanogona kubudirira nekuchengeta chinhu midziyo zvokuti acetone akanga richiparadzirwa munyika Vhoriyamu mugaba. Uye zvinokwanisika chete mune chinjikira chinzvimbo. Kuzadza humburumbira zvinofanira kuitika zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinokosha zvaidiwa ezvinhu makemikari kuita Kuparadzwa acetylene muna acetone, uye zvikurukuru ayo nokukurumidza.

Advantages ichiputswa acetylene

The chikuru mukana ichiputswa acetylene pamberi, izvo vakagadzirira kushandisa remagetsi rinotakurika calcium carbide, ndiko kuti chikumbiro humburumbira chiri kuwedzera Welding basa munenge 20%, uye apo acetylene kurasikirwa ipfupi ne 25%. Zvinofanira kutaurwa achikurisa kumhanya uye maneuverability chakanamwa nomoto yemapurisa, kuchengeteka. Kusiyana gasi akawana kubva karusiyamu carbide ichiputswa acetylene rine substantially zvishoma dzimwe nyaya, i.e. nouipi, kuti inogona kushandiswa kunyanya kutsoropodza nomoto.

mafomu Zvikuru acetylene

• Welding uye nokuveza simbi.
• Achishandisa seinokonzera chiedza, chena. Muchiitiko ichi chiri mubvunzo acetylene, yakagadzirwa zvokuverengera karusiyamu carbide uye mvura. It anoshandisa kuzvidzora ine luminaires.
• Manufacturing zvinoputika.
• Kugadzirira vamwe yeimwe uye zvinhu zviri acetic acid, ethyl doro, zvokufembedzwa, mapurasitiki, rabha, zvinonhuwirira Mahydrocarbon.

Acetylene: anoshandiswa kuvaka uye indasitiri

Autogenous nomoto uye kuenda zvinenge zvose zvokukura kuvakwa. Iri kwemarudzi izvi basa rakashandiswa acetylene. In zano rinokosha rinonzi burner magasi yakasananiswa zvakananga uye combustion kuita pacharo. The chepamusorosoro tembiricha nemapinduriro zvasvika apo zviri acetylene 45% of zvachose mugaba vhoriyamu.

Sepombi vane gasi ichi chakaratidza sezvinotevera: yakasvibiswa chena uye tsvuku tsamba makuru Zvakarurama chinyorwa: "Acetylene"

mabasa Construction yaitwa kunyanya panze. Kushandiswa acetylene yaro homologues mu izvi zvinhu hazvifaniri kuitika pasi zvakananga chezuva. Short hwatsvuka inofanira anoteverwa bindepinde pakati mavharuvhu ari burner, uye refu - ari bindepinde pakati mavharuvhu ari sepombi pachavo.

Makemikari indasitiri iri kwazvo kudiwa acetylene. Chikumbiro Its ndiye kushandiswa fuma panguva kugadzirira makemikari kwetunhu. Ichi chakaita zvokugadzirwa rabha, mapurasitiki, zvokufembedzwa, acetic acid, etc.

Acetylene ndiye zvakasikwa mafuta, rinowanzoshandiswa pezvakaitwa chokuita gasi-murazvo kugadzira. Zvakakosha kuti kushandiswa acetylene ari indasitiri zvinogoneka chete pasi vakachengeteka matanho, sezvo chinhu putika gasi.

carbide marambi

The zita "carbide rambi" nokuda kushandiswa sechinhu rakavhurika womoto ndege combusted chiedza tsime acetylene. Zvinonzi maererano yaunganidzwa zvokuverengera karusiyamu carbide nemvura.

mwenje Ndivo zvakakurumbira kare. Vanogona kuonekwa pamusoro nezvingoro, motokari uye kunyange mabhasikoro. Munguva dzazvino ari carbide rambi kushandiswa chete kana kudiwa ane simba kumira-woga yechigarire. Saka, kazhinji cavers kuzvishandisa. Kure zvikwangwani zvitengeswa kwakadaro mwenje chokwadi, kwakadai chiedza zviri nani zvikuru pane akapedzisa simba mitsetse. Zvikuru wakajairika kushandiswa mwenje izvi pakadzika-mvura midziyo.

Acetylene: kushanda mune zvokurapa

Sokushandiswa fuma munharaunda iyi? General yokutindivadza kunosanganisira kushandisa alkynes. Acetylene ndomumwe magasi avo, izvo zvinoshandiswa inhalation yokutindivadza. Asi kushandiswa kwakapararira zvakadaro kare. Zvino kune mamwe ano uye njodzi nzira yokutindivadza.

Kunyange zvazvo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kushandisa acetylene uye kwete zvikuru ngozi, sezvo vasati kukosha kwayo wevasungwa munguva inhaled mhepo zvasvika paunogumira ngozi, rezasi flammability pachikumbaridzo akapfuura.

Chinonyanya kukosha zvimiso kushandisa gasi iri kuchengetwa vakachengeteka matanho. Zvakaoma angawedzeredza acetylene sei nengozi. Kushandiswa Its zvinogoneka chete pashure zvose zvakafanira Briefings vashandi nzvimbo yakasiyana umo rinoshandiswa.