Academician Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich: Biography, kubudirira, mibayiro uye mafaro zvinhu

Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich (1871-1939) pakutanga akatora systematization zivo pamusoro zvemaumbirwo kuRussia, iye akavamba mumhuri peturu zvemaumbirwo uye chikoro nesayenzi. basa rake seminal aiva "Dzidziso mafuta", dzakanga yakataurwa dzinokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero dzidziso mavambo mafuta reserves uye mamiriro ezvinhu inotungamirwa yavo. Ivan Mihaylovich Gubkin aronga kudzidza mukana dzichiri minda mafuta idzva, uyewo nenhungamiro pakudzidza anomalies muna Kursk.

Brilliant kubudirira masayendisiti

Chinhu chinokosha yokungotaura uye anoshanda. zvinoreva rusununguko basa musayendisiti pamusoro pokugadzwa mafuta maindasitiri munzvimbo yacho Volga uye Urals. Mukutanga 20-ies yacho XX remakore, Ivan Mikhailovich aiva panyaya yokuti fanira hwakadzama kudzidza zvemaumbirwo yacho. Pfungwa yake pamusoro kukosha munzvimbo yakavakirwa zvesayenzi zvavo nezvinhu chokuita Geological nemamiriro nzvimbo. Papera academician yaisangana mufambiro ubanguranyika basa kuti mafuta. Pamwe izvi, vamwe minda yavo tsvakurudzo Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich kwaisanganisira pachake. Chinokosha basa musayendisiti anonzi "Ural-Volga mafuta dunhu" hwakasikwa yakavakirwa tsvakurudzo yedu. Zvakajeka mifananidzo Tichitarisa mikana uye zvinogona kuti anogona kuvhurwa panguva oiri munzvimbo idzi navo.

Pamberi pake, ari akapoteredza oiri nharaunda iyi anenge asina kufarira, uye basa rinoitwa dzakwidzwa kuva kunokosha nokuda Soviet Union munguva yehondo.

Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich: pfupi Biography

Ivan Mikhailovich akaberekwa mumusha Pozdnyakovo, pamusoro nharaunda enyika Vladimir. baba vake aiva murombo murimi mudiki uyo kazhinji akaenda refu Vols kweGungwa reCaspian.

Mushure Kudzidza uye magumo Kirzhachskiy vadzidzisi 'zvechitendero, Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich chave chichirondedzerwa chinzvimbo mumwe mudzidzisi pachikoro kumaruwa. Panguva kudzidzisa jaya akapiwa bhezari, saka akanga hazvo makore mashanu ari mudzidzisi pasi. Njodzi yemberi academician akataura netsaona kuwana. Sezvo shamwari mupristi womunharaunda, Ivan vakandowana ari atiki mabhuku pamusoro zvemaumbirwo. mupristi wake vakakanganwa hama vakaenda kuSiberia. Maererano Gubkin, verenga mabhuku chaizvoizvo "kumedzwa" izvozvo, kumanikidza vanofarira kunyange zvakawanda munzvimbo iyi.

Nematambudziko kuenda kukoreji

Kwete achida kurega nechepakati, Ivan aida kuramba zvidzidzo zvavo panguva Mining Institute. Asi akanga akamirira kuti zvinovava mwoyo sezvo wayo dzidzo nzira kukoreji yakavharwa. Yakanga iripo chete Pedagogical Institute muSt Petersburg, apo akatanga kudzidza.

Panguva iyoyo, chero jaya raiva nesimba kugara kure pachena upenyu unotsamwira uye Ivan akava nhengo sangano, kudzivirira kodzero rwekuita mukirasi.

Pashure pakuguma zvedzidzo sangano jaya akakwanisa mudzidzisi muSt Petersburg chikoro guta. Kuva vakashanda pano vakasvimha, Ivan Mihaylovich Gubkin akaenda mberi zvakare vakaedza kupinda St. Petersburg Mining Institute uye zvakare kwakakundikana. Panguva iyi chipingamupinyi chaiva kushaya chitupa kuchikoro-kusiya, iyo yakapiwa vakapedza kudzidza muzvikoro uye mumakoreji. Ivan haana izvozvo, nekuti hadzisi kune anokudzwa kana pakati kirasi. Kwete kuda kukanda mapfumo, Gubkin, uyo panguva iyoyo vakadzokera makore 32 okuberekwa, akaenda kuna Tsarskoye tiiviste uye pamwe vaduku vapinda gore vakapfuura anodiwa bvunzo uye akagamuchira kuchiva gwaro.

A rwaifadza: The Mountain Institute

Yokudzidza Mining Institute, Ivan akanga asina makore mashanu (Sezvaitarisirwa), uye makore maviri yakareba. The kunonoka kwaiva kuchikonzerwa yechimurenga 1905: musuo establishments vakanga kwechinguva akavharwa. Ndapedza dzidzo yake refu Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich aine dhigirii Mining Engineer akapinda State Geological Committee somunhu mutsvakurudzi. Basa rake nokukurumidza waibvisa, kana musayendisiti akatanga kushanda mumunda oiri panguva kuminda Caucasus mafuta. Mumazuva iwayo, ikabereka mafuta pakanga anenge 90% of yose anogadzirwa mundima weRussia. Rakanga yakakwirira pfungwa Ivana Gubkina, sezvo ake tarenda, kutsungirira uye yakarongeka zvakazara pachena, achipa musikana injiniya mamiriro muvambi epetroleum zvemaumbirwo.

echimurenga nguva

Panguva pokuchinja, Ivan aiva muUnited States sezvo chikamu rwendo kudzidza American reserves mafuta. Kubva rwendo rwake musayendisiti akadzokera shure echimurenga zviitiko, uye pakarepo akava munyaya nokuumbwa mabasa matsva panguva aumba muoti: mugodhi uye zvemaumbirwo. V. I. Lenin akarayira Gubkin kuva nhengo yekomiti chomurayiro kubata oiri. Pashure tsanangudzo iyi geologist Ivan Mihaylovich Gubkin kusvika pamazuva ake okupedzisira rave pakushandisa masangano akawanda zvinokosha kuti vaiita mafuta indasitiri, uyewo Geological Survey muna USSR.

Kuwedzera pabasa nesayenzi, yakanga unoshamisa mufananidzo nguva kuita mabasa wedzero. Kwemakore, Ivan akambomisa chinzvimbo ichi rakarongeka navo "Oil Industry" pedyo magazini.

The shamisa kuwanikidza

Kuva kumaodzanyemba kweRussia, muna Kuban nharaunda, Gubkin akatanga kuongorora minda mafuta. Somugumisiro, hlebodarny pamuuyo yakavigwa muura mafuta avo. Zvisinei, paiva anenge ane aripo sokuti asingagadzirisiki chirahwe, izvo akaedza remuSamoa kugadzirisa mafuta makambani kushanda ikoko tsime pedyo kuti vazvibate zvakasiyana. Vamwe vanobvumira kuti kuwana hombe yakawanda mafuta, apo vamwe vakanga vafa zvachose.

Ivan Gubkin kuziva zvinokonzera maitiro rakadai oiri uye akatanga pfungwa itsva iri nemashoko mamwe mafuta nesayenzi. Masayendisiti akawana kuti iri zvakadaro, maindasitiri vaifanira kubata mutsva mhando deposits inobereka mafuta-. Vakanga iri kwete musono sezvinoita vaya vakanga yakawanikwa ambotaurwa, uye vakanga yomunzvimbo, kuti inomiririrwa chidukuduku nzvimbo. Gubkin akavadana "shoestring dhipoziti."

The musayendisiti akanyora pamusoro wake kuwanikwa ane nyaya shoma kuti dzakabudiswa pakarepo muchiRussia uye ipapo akashandurirwa Chirungu.

Educational mabasa Ivana Gubkina

Academic chimbichimbi kutarisirwa mubvunzo kuti kudzidzisa chizvarwa chitsva vashandi vane unyanzvi. Aidavira kuti nyika husisipo Vanodzidza navadudziri matombo uye mafuta. Sezvo 1922. Gubkin kwemakore masere sezvo musoro Moscow Mining Academy. Vakanzi kwakatanga uye akatanga madhipatimendi idzva vanoverengeka yaitaura kudzidza siyana zvikamu mafuta nesayenzi. Created muna 1930, ari Oil Institute muMoscow kwakavakirwa madhipatimendi zvitsva izvi. Vadzidzi vanopinda richangobva kuumbwa masangano yedzidzo, kosi uye aidzidza nyaya zvakatendeka chakaunzwa purogiramu kukurukura Ivana Gubkina.

Interesting zvinhu kubva Biography kuti mumiriri: School

On kwokutanga paumbwe yemberi academician akatora hanya mbuya vake, vachiomerera pakuti mukomana akaenda kuchikoro yomunharaunda musha. The baba haana kuenda kupa mwanakomana wake pakudzidza, kunyange vasingambodi. Izvi hazvishamisi, sezvo Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich aiva mumwe wevana vashanu, uye hama - mukuru. Zvinotarisirwa kubatsira mumba. Sezvineiwo, Vanya duku haana kuvimbisa kuti dzidzo, kuchikoro kunyange nevanopikisana naye.

Nyaya kwakagadziriswa kupindira mbuya Theodosia, uyo akatsvaka muhofisi siyana kuti kugadzirwa kemabhuku, uyewo Ivan vaisona hombodo nzendo kuchikoro. kufambira mberi Gubkin ari kukura zvezvaidzidziswa rakava pachena pakutanga kwemwedzi. Kutaura mutauro avanoziva kwatiri, zvakanga achirurama A. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, akanga shamwari shoma kwazvo, uye vakomana, vomukirasi vanonyombwa kwaari, achidanidzira "nyanzvi" uye "noukuru."

matambudziko hasha

Academician Gubkin Ivan Mihaylovich akamanikidzwa kupfuura kamwe kudzivirira uye kukunda kuzvipira kwavo dzidzo yepamusorosoro. Mumakore ake okuyaruka, kana chikoro mumusha aitarisira, baba Ivan vake vakaomerera kuti akatora hofisi wezvokukurukurirana kana womuchitoro. Kwete kuenda kumisa uye achida kuita zvedzidzo vertices Gubkin asi apinda chebhaibheri.

In zvatinokanganisa, ari mugore rechitatu, jaya akanyora uye zvakaenzana Colca epigram yemumwe vaanodzidza navo. Saka Ivan nokuita chii yabednichestvo. Zvisinei, wemanomano yakapotsa arasikirwe Gubkin kunze vadzidzisi 'zvechitendero. Chinzvimbo akaponesa rubatsiro inopiwa shamwari Ivan zvakanaka.

Family Ivana Gubkina

Mudzimai mudzidzisi wechiduku akava mudzidzi Ivan dzokurapa Nina. Vakasangana muna Kuban takabva taroorana. Akanga akangwara kwazvo uye vakadzidza: dzidzo wezvokurapa wechipiri kwaari. Zvisinei, iye akanga asina kuwana nayo, sezvo akazvarwa mwanakomana, Sergei, akabvunza zvose kwake kuteerera.
Mhuri wechiduku akanga tsvarakadenga zvakasimba sezvo matatu kurarama pamusoro mwero muhoro vadzidzisi kwaisava nyore, uye Galina akaberekwa makore mashomanana gare gare.

Zvinhu zvakachinja chete pashure kugadzwa Gubkin muna Geological Committee, zvakauyiswa chaizvo vaizotibata musayendisiti nzendo uye kwaiva kutanga basa kutora kure. In pamutemo mabhuku kazhinji tsanangura akapfuma basa, iyo kwaitungamirirwa Ivan Mihaylovich Gubkin: Biography, ndangariro, mubayiro. Zvisinei, kubudirira kwounyanzvi uye mukurumbira akava chipingamupinyi kuti upenyu hwemhuri hunofadza. Long yenzendo, dzimwe nguva kwemwedzi inoverengeka, uye daro hombe pakati vawanani asingadi kubatsira nokusimbaradza ukama.

Njodzi yavana Academician

A musayendisiti nguva dzose aida vana vake vaanoda zvakanaka chete, kwete kukanganwa nezvazvo mukufamba ake refu. Iye aifarira kuita dzavo, zvavanofarira, uye kubudirira, asi kazhinji kutumira mari.

Mune imwe tsamba zhinji rakanyorwa Ivan wake, iye anoti anoda vana vake dzinonakidza uye inonakidza muupenyu. Akatevera magumo ake, haana kuda Sergey uye Galina akawedzera pamusoro nokuchiva kwavo uye marwadzo, vaiita asingadiwi mabhizimisi.

Vana vakadzidza zvakazara kuteerera zano rababa vake. Sergei aida neniwo pamwe zvemaumbirwo, asi zvino redeveloped mune simbi uye akazova academician.
Galina akasarudza basa balloonist, uye ipapo - nomuedzo mutyairi wendege.

Nhasi kumba yakakurumbira geologist chinenge ose mugari anoziva Ivan Mihaylovich Gubkin. Awards, iyo akaremekedza academician nokuda zvinokosha mipiro vake sayenzi maindasitiri - sezvairayirwa Lenin uye Order of Red Banner of Labor.

zita rake rakapiwa masangano, mumaraibhurari, mumigwagwa uye guta. On panzvimbo musha Ivan Gubkin akamira, zvino akatsemura Square pamwe chirangaridzo bust. Vomunyika vane chaizvo kudada chokwadi kuti pedyo yakadaro yakakurumbira uye akakodzera munhu, ivo kuronga Tours zvinokosha nzvimbo uye vanonyora nhetembo dzake zvakatsaurirwa. Ivan Mihaylovich Gubkin Chokwadi, zvinoshamisa munhu, ane kubudirira nyaya anokwanisa afuridzire uye kukurudzira akashinga zviito vanhu vakawanda kudaro.