3D-aidhinda sei? Products ari 3D-purinda

Pakuonekwa pamusoro pawaitengesa 3D-vaidhinda akacherekedza kwenguva itsva. Kana pamberi zvigadzirwa yakatanga pachishandiswa soro michina mudzimai zvoupfumi runoita kuti zvinetso yaizivikanwa panyaya-dimensional matatu kudhinda inopa nzira itsva kushandisa mano. Chokwadi, zviri chete mutsva paavhareji User, sapamazuva bhizimisi uye kugadzira zvivako zvakafanana Michina rinoshandiswa kwenguva refu. Asi chero zvakadaro, kudhinda 3D-aidhinda kwazvo runogonesa mutengi, kuti pave iyo, sezvo tsika inoratidza kwete zvose zvagadzirwa. Izvi kunonyanya kukonzerwa kunzwisisa nedanho iri midziyo, uyewo nuances kushanda kwavo.

Asi mibvunzo inonakidza zvikuru chokuita kushandisa vaidhinda izvi. Ndezvipi zvinogona kuumba chigadzirwa ichi? Zvinangwa iro zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa? Uye kuti 3D-purinda? Iyi mibvunzo inokosha, sezvo-dimensional matatu kudhinda kuchiri kokupata mafaro. Naizvozvo, kuti wana zvakakodzera midziyo nokuda kuziva, kuti akariisa zvinyoronyoro, kukodzera. Kanenge, zvinokosha uwane nzwisiso anodawo pezvakaitwa harichadhindwi uye kuziva chii zvaungatarisira kubatsirwa nazvo.

Chii 3D-purinda?

A Mudziyo nokuti-dimensional matatu kudhinda, hwaishandiswa zvinokwanisika kuti vaunze-dimensional matatu zvinhu, rinogadzirwa makaseti pre-vakagadzirira rakapotsa muenzaniso chinhu. Zvichienzaniswa kwakajairika vaidhinda kuti goho yemagetsi rugwaro papepa, 3D-mano zvinopa goho yacho-dimensional matatu mashoko, kureva kusika zvinhu pamwe chaiko chaiko parameters. Kutaura zvazviri, kunzwisisa kuti 3D-, aidhinda funga matanho okuita zvakasimba zvinhu naro.

Nheyo kushanda zvavo

Basa rinotanga kusikwa rakapotsa template pakombiyuta uchishandisa-software chaiyo. Uyezve kugadzira kunoitika programmatically muenzaniso wayo kuparadzana kupinda akaturikidzana. Zvadaro, basa anopinda hwokugadzira chikamu, aidhinda wezvamatongerwe vakawanda akaturikidzana ane rinoumba upfu kuti kubudisa mberi chinhu. Sezvo achizadza zvinhu chaiyo kamuri akabatana aidhinda anoparadzira uremu rwekuita pamusoro. Pashure vanoumba mumwe marongera ari mudziyo musoro zvinoisa namira chawo. Dzokorora mutoo uyu kusvikira nguva akadai haringapiwi akaita chinhu yakatanga muna purogiramu rokudhinda. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kugadzirwa ari 3D-aidhinda anogona kumhanya pamusoro zvakasiyana ruzivo. Saizvozvowo, kuchinja uye kudhinda midziyo, uye zvivako zviri zvinhu zvakashandiswa, uyewo anouya-software Implementation mabasa.

Rapid Prototyping Technology

Pasinei kusiyana nuances ari kugadzira muitiro, anenge zvose-dimensional matatu kudhinda mano anoshanda panheyo nokukurumidza prototyping. Maererano nezano iri, kurimwa riri kuitwa nokukurumidza inotungamirwa yemhando mienzaniso kuratidza yaibvira yemberi pre-chigadzirwa. Mimba Michina kare 1980s nechinangwa pakusika ivhu uye blanks. Nhasi, chidobi iyi inozivikanwa chirungiso kugadzira, kunzwisisa izvo ichapindura mubvunzo kuti 3D-, aidhinda uye chii chinosiyanisa kubva mashandiro tsika nzira kuti kugadzirwa zvinhu. Saka, kana mune nedanho azvikuya, akatendeuka uye dzomoto machine kunobvisa zvinhu, uye nokuchengetedza, kudzvanya uye tsika kuchinja Maumbirwe workpiece, kugadzirwa ari chirungiso hunosanganisira kuwedzera uremu mashoko kuburikidza akavaka-up akaturikidzana. Nemamwe mashoko, 3D aidhinda anochinja danho zvinhu mukati zvimwe nzvimbo. To musi,-dimensional matatu michina iri mune dzakawanda mirayiridzo, pakati inova mabikirwo stereolithography (STL), nzira tikashandisa thermoplastic (FDM) uye Laser sintering (SLS).

The nzira akakonzera kubatana kwe thermoplastic layered

Zvichida ichi ndicho chinonyanya kufarirwa unyanzvi ose-dimensional matatu azoshandiswa. FDM-Kupararira mano kunoita zvinoverengeka. Chokutanga Namano inoshandiswa zvinoitika chipa mapurasitiki. Uyewo nyaya nyore Chinyorwa nzira, iyo kunyanya kukosha mukubata akadaro midziyo. Kazhinji, kwakadai mabikirwo 3D-vaidhinda anosanganisira kushanda thermoplastics, rimwe riri polylactide. Pakati zvakanakira iyi yakaratidza kwezvakatipoteredza ushamwari, sezvo mapurasitiki ichi inotengwa kubva shuga sengere uye zviyo.

The chikuru chinhu ari aidhinda anofanira anonzi extruder iyo anoita basa iri anodhinda musoro. Zvisinei, chikamu ichi hachisi nyore, sezvo chinhu ari iine nomumwe zvinoriumba. Kana tikafunga rokuti "extruder" iri kwakajairika mupfungwa, ndiko chete chikamu musoro tichavabata rive feeder. Chero nzira, iyo anodhinda inopa hwaro mapurasitiki pamusoro 3D-vaidhinda nokushandisa shinda wakaumbwa. Movement of zvokuimba chikamu electric motor inopiwa. Somugumisiro, mashoko mashandiro anotungamirira rwebhuruu kuti kudziyisa nyere yacho kamwene, iyo inowanikwa kuda chinhu.

stereolithography chokugadza

Laser stereolithography zvemichina zvino kushandiswa chaizvo mazino prosthetics. Ndicho wechipiri rinofarirwa kupfuura mhando vaidhinda nokuda 3D-rokudhinda. The runoratidza ndiko kupa stereolithographic mudziyo Aiva yepamusoro zvinhu. We yakawana zvawanikwa izvi vane mvumo motokari, iyo inogona dzaona ne microns kuroorwa. Naizvozvo musoro kuti basa 3D-vaidhinda kwakavakirwa Laser stereolithography chinhu chavanokoshesa zvikuru kwete chete nokuda vanachiremba vemazino, asiwo jewelers. The-software Chikamu mudziyo chakafanana FDM-analogues muzvinhu zvizhinji, asi pane chinhu nhamba zvigadzirwa zvinhu. Pasinei chokwadi kuti nheyo zvokudhinda inonzi Laser stereolithography, iri kuramba ari kushanda michina yakadaro kwakavakirwa UV akatungamirira projectors.

Fungidziro mienzaniso zvakavimbika Laser uye mutengo riri isingadhuri. Havadi kusimba girazi, kuona Kutsauka nemwaranzi, iyo nyore magadzirirwo. Panguva iyoyowo achizviendesa 3D-aidhinda dzakakwirira unongotaura projectors. mukana Izvi zvinoitwa nokuda kuti hakuna kupindirana uye kwakakwana vachiridza panze rukoko redunhu.

Laser sintering

Rumwe rudzi Laser chikumbiro nzira. Muchiitiko chino, shandisa legkoplavny epurasitiki. High-simba Laser anokwevera chinhu pachishandiswa munhu mapurasitiki chikamu, zvichiguma utsotso uye sintering mashoko. Izvi ndozvazvakaita pamwe rukoko nerimwe kusvikira muenzaniso wakakwana yaibereka purogiramu 3D-vaidhinda kuti sezvo blanks. epurasitiki upfu residues vanozozununguswa pamwe chinhu yakawanikwa panoperera kwacho. A chinokosha drawback zvakadaro mano ndiko kupa porous zvinhu vane pemvura. Ukuwo, hazvina chokuita nesimba chigadzirwa. Uyezve, yakabuda izvi aidhinda mienzaniso ndivo kupfuura yakasimba. The chaizvo chete chirimwa ane yakaoma kuvaka uye, sezvo zvakaita kuti kudhura. Panguva iyoyowo, uye kugadzira muitiro ndiyo nguva tichienzanisa kuti 3D-vaidhinda vemamwe marudzi. Sezvataona kubudikidza vanoshandisa, mwero paumbwe muenzaniso ari masendimita mashomanana paawa.

expendables

Huru mashoko kusika yokutevedzera ne-dimensional matatu kudhinda chinhu thermoplastic. Kunze kare kutaurwa marudzi, zvinokosha kuziva kuti mapurasitiki pamusoro 3D-vaidhinda ari ABS uye pla format. Also kushandiswa zvinhu zvenaironi, polycarbonate, polyethylene uye dzimwe mhando tiri kushandiswa indasitiri. Zvisinei, vamwe chokugadza anobvumira vaiitawo nezvinhu, uye kushandisa ebetsero zvinhu kuti kuvandudza zvechadenga ramangwana chigadzirwa. Somuenzaniso, kuti chinangwa ichi, mumwe polyvinyl doro, riri chaizvoizvo mhando imwe PVA epurasitiki. Kuparadzwa mumvura, inodzidzisa anogona kusika yakaoma geometric zvitarisiko.

Zvisinei, chinonyanya zvekumwe zvinhu zvokushandisa matambudziko akadaro ndiye simbi. Kuti vawane chigadzirwa yakadaro rinoshandiswawo 3D-muenzaniso kudhinda 3D-, aidhinda uye ruzivo rwokugadzira kusiyana vari kuderedzwa kuti mashandiro ari anodhinda musoro. Achibatsirwa bhainda rinoshandisirwa namira guru panzvimbo purogiramu kombiyuta rinoratidza. Next, yose workspace musoro kunokonzera nhete paiva upfu simbi. Kureva simbi hauna sezvainonyauswa sokune mumwe mapurasitiki, uye rinoshandisirwa mu akaturikidzana uye glued muchimiro duku inoramba.

purinda utariri

Nokuti kutanga zvinokosha kuziva pokuvhiyiwa, ayo zvinodzorwa nerimwe rokushandisa kuburikidza kombiyuta. Izvi tembiricha kuchinja kubva kamwene uye basa papuratifomu, mwero zvokudya zvokunyama uye basa injini, izvo zvinoita kuti Positioning yacho printhead. Zviito zvose izvi zvinodzorwa nevanhu zvemagetsi controllers. Kazhinji, magetsi yokutevedzera mano aya dzinobva Arduino maitiro ane pakachena mapurani. Kana mumutauro zvirongwa, iri aidhinda inoshandisa inonzi G-code, akavaka pamusoro pesimba mirayiro kuti michina yokudhinda. Panguva iyi, unogona mberi purogiramu-slicers izvo zvinopa shanduro 3D-yokutevedzera nokuda kudhinda 3D-vaidhinda ari pachena controllers bumbiro. Pakarepo ndinofanira kutaura kuti software iyi haisi chokuita kuti pave graphical zvivezwa zvakananga.

Software

The Pamazita slicers huru mabasa anosanganisira kuisa parameters, maererano chichakurukurwa kudhindwa. Kusarudza chepurogiramu iri pakutsvaga purinda mhando. Somuenzaniso, mashoko RepRap mano dzinosanganisira kushandiswa slicers akaita rakavhurika kunobva. Pakati izvi zvinogona kuzivikanwa Replicator G uye Skeinforge. Zvisinei, vagadziri wandei, uyo rinorumbidza kushandiswa proprietary Software kubva makambani yakananga. Izvi, kunyanya chokuita midziyo kubva kambani Cube 3D Systems. Kana Modelling mishonga, zviri kuita purogiramu inokosha pamusoro 3D-vaidhinda, rakagadzirirwa-dimensional matatu zvakagadzirwa. Kazhinji kushandiswa ichi chinangwa CAD-vapepeti, zvisinei, uyo, zvinoda mumwe yakawanda ruzivo pamwe 3D zvakagadzirwa.

Ndezvipi zvinhu dziripo?

Range ose-dimensional matatu vaidhinda vari kushingaira kuwedzera kugona unokubvumira asike zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana musika zvikamu. Kana isu kutaura kuvakwa uye mapurani, varipo zvikuru mukana mukugadzira Layouts idzo, chokwadi, akakurukura pfungwa chirungiso mukugadzira. The ouinjiniya indasitiri chiri zvinowanzoshandiswa 3D-purinda. Products pano rinogona kutaurwa uye mutengi zvigadzirwa, uye munhu okunze kuti pfungwa. Sezvambotaurwa, mukuru nemazvo nhengo kugadzira aikosheswa zvikuru vashandi emishonga. Kuwedzera prosthetics, 3D-aidhinda rinoshandiswa zvaAtemisi mienzaniso nenyere ivhu.

Reviews ari 3D-vaidhinda

Pasinei zvinoshingaira popularization ari nokudhinda, vanobudisa mutengi achiri chokwadi pamusoro mirayiridzo. Izvi pamwe nokuda kudhura michina, asi nokuda kworutivi rukurusa, kunyange michina vatengi rezvishandiso zvitsva havasi matambudziko kukosha zvinogona kugadziriswa-musha 3D vaidhinda. Reviews varidzi Zvichakadaro kutaura maziviro tinogona kugadzirisa matambudziko inokosha muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Somuenzaniso, ari mudziyo unokubvumira nokukurumidza pave asipo chinhu nokuda kugadzwa fenicha, munoshongedza design, kugadzira chitoyi mwana kana ane mbereko kuti pafoni yepakutanga. Maererano vanoshandisa ayo, basa pamwe midziyo uye kunoda kupfuura vachikanganisa consumables, kwenguva refu anoruramisa ose upfumi.

mhedziso

nokuti-dimensional matatu kudhinda mano pachavo vari husiri nyore kuwana uye zvinoda vakaparadzana nehanya kunzwisisa kusiyana mukati chidimbu. Asi kunyange zivo mukuru zviga kuti 3D-aidhinda unokubvumira kutaura guru zvinogona vakadaro nevatengi mano. Tichingotarisa, unogona kuvaka musha uchishandisa asiri tsvina kugadzirwa michina yakadaro. Mumwe mubvunzo - chii kubereka pamusoro yokudhinda mabhuku akadaro? Asi mhinduro dzinopiwa mumwe anoishandisa nomumwe, yakavakirwa zvavanoda. Kwenguva refu Nemutengo, unogona kuwana bhandi chaiyo. Panguva iyi, zvinokwanisika kukoshesa kunyanya nyanzvi vanoshandisa 3D kudhinda kugadzirisa matambudziko avo nyanzvi.