Yepasi pose basa zvinomera: chii?

Yepasi pose basa miti yagara akaratidza nemasayendisiti akawanda. A rinokosha kudzidza izvi akabatanidzwa Russian mutsvakurudzi Kliment Timiryazev. Ndiye akaratidza kuti izvi zvinokosha. On chii zviri sechivako kunobva ndiye pfuma chirimwa zvipenyu?

Space basa zvinomera

All zvipenyu vanoonekwa nevamwe zviratidzo. Zvisinei, vose vanoda okisijeni kuti afemeruke. Space miti uye basa iri nechokwadi kuti zvinenge zvose fuma iyi inokosha. zvirimwa chete vanokwanisa kubudisa nayo zvakasiyana muinonzi photosynthesis.

Dyarai Vamiririri: mamirire STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Nei asina zvimwe zvinenge kubereka okisijeni muupenyu hwake? Nekuti chete miriwo zvakasiyanawo STRUCTURAL zvinhu. Chekutanga zvose zviri pamberi ari mumasero yakasvibirira plastids chloroplasts. On yomukati pose organelles inoitika chirongwa photosynthesis, zvakatemwa nokuda yepasi pose basa zvinomera. The maitiro zviri vamiririri umambo zvakasikwa ndiyo pamberi carbohydrate cellulose muchitokisi pamadziro. Izvi zvinhu anopa simba uye kuomarara pamusoro pemvura midziyo. Sezvo negadziriro yeparutivi inotonhorera muchitokisi cytoplasm akaisa starch granules. polysaccharide ichi chakaumbwa siyana mamorekuru ose shuga synthesized ne photosynthesis. Zvinomera, sezvo dzinoratidzwa inopiwa kukura. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nedanho quantitative kuchinja zvaitika hwose.

Musimboti nedanho photosynthesis

Nokudaro, nzvimbo chikamu miti kunoratidzwa mukufamba photosynthesis. Zita izvi anoratidza gwenya nemwaranzi kuriita. Zvechokwadi, photosynthesis ndiye paumbwe Organic zvinhu kubva chicherwa pasi Kuwanikwa chiedza quanta. It rinowanikwa chete rwegirini chloroplasts plastids. On kwavo kwomukati pamusoro iri akaita nemvura, carbon dioxide. Zvibereko kwemakemikari ichi nedzimwe maitiro ndiwo monosaccharide shuga uye oxygen. Wokutanga fuma yaishandiswa chirimwa sechinhu simba mabviro pezvakaitwa upenyu. Uye okisijeni rinobatanidzwa dzinotsanagura afemeruke zvachose zvose zvipenyu.

Terms of panowanikwa photosynthesis

The kwetunhu Organic yeimwe uye okisijeni, ndiro basa nzvimbo zvinomera panyika, zvinogoneka chete pamberi chezuva. Masayendisiti akaratidza kuti kubudikidza chayo kunoenderana mwero photosynthesis. It anowedzera kuti jekeso pa 15,000 lux, uye ipapo achienda kuderera. Autumn wechisikigo kuderera uwandu chezuva. Somugumisiro, mashizha kushandura ruvara uye idonhe. Musimboti izvi ndiko kuchinja plastids rwegirini tsvuku uye nezvitsvuku, akadana chromoplasts. The jira handichakwanisi kuita kwavo nerevane upenyu kwebasa kwamira. Listopad ane kudzivirira kunoita kuti zvinomera panguva inotonhora nguva, nekuti izvi zvinenge rinomira transpiration. Pashure pezvose, kurasikirwa mwando panguva yokushomeka raro kuchenjera chaizvo.

Solar nemwaranzi ndiyo chete zvakakodzera pamusoro rokutanga chokutambudzika photosynthesis. Zvakanyorwa kunzi - chiedza. Munguva iyi paiva kuunganidza simba kumhanya zvakaoma nemakemikari uye activation kuti chlorophyll. Pashure paizvozvo, chiedza isingachadiwi. Kunouya rima danho, umo kuunganidza makabhohaidhiretsi kunoitika. Uyewo, mutemo unoti zvinhu nokuda photosynthesis aibuda ndiyo pamberi mvura uye carbon dioxide.

Photosynthesis: yepasi pose basa zvinomera

Plants akaita zvinoshamisa kutenderera. Ivo zvibereko okisijeni, zvose zvipenyu vanoshandisa fuma iyi nokuda oxidation kuti makemikari zvinhu, zvichiguma kusunungurwa carbon dioxide. Kuti chinhu chinodiwa uye reagent mu nedanho photosynthesis. Inokwanisa ichi chete zvirimwa. By mhando zvokudya vava autotrophs, anokwanisa pasina kubereka makemikari nyaya. Space basa zvinomera ndiyo inonzi zvakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu nokupukunyuka zvipenyu. Uye, kana dzinozivikanwa zvinofungidzirwa kuti masango ndivo "kumapapu yepasi", zvamazvirokwazvo guru chikamu okisijeni anogadzirwa munyika zvawanikwa hwemvura zvinomera.

Saka, basa nzvimbo iri chirimwa ari kuita chirongwa photosynthesis. In kwayo kosi ari chloroplasts plastids pamberi mvura uye carbon dioxide kunoitika mashiripiti chitarisiko shuga uye okisijeni inodiwa kuti afemeruke zvose zvipenyu vanogara biosphere.