Yegory the Brave (George anokunda): hupenyu, kunamatwa

Holy Holy Martyr George anokunda, ndiye Yegory (Yuri) Brave - mumwe wevatsvene vanoremekedzwa zvikuru muchiKristu: mukukudza kwake temberi uye machechi akavakwa, nhoroondo uye nheyo dzakanyorwa, zviratidzo zvakanyorwa. VaMuslim vakaitumidza Girgis al Khidr, mutumwa wemuporofita Isa, uye varimi, vafudzi nevarwi vakafunga kuti ndiye mutariri wavo. Zita rokuti "George" rakatorwa pakubhabhatidzwa naJaroslav the Wise uye Yury Dolgoruky, chiratidzo cheguta guru reRussia rinoratidzira Yegory Rokunda uye rakakosha zvikuru mupiro - St. George Cross - inonziwo mukuremekedzwa kwake.

The Origin of the Holy

Mwanakomana waTheodore naSophia (Giriki version: Gerontius naPolchronia), Yegory Brave akaberekerwa muna 278 (maererano nerimwe shanduro muna 281) mumhuri yevaKristu vanogara muKapadokia, nharaunda iri mundima yeAsia Minor. Maererano nenhoroondo dzekare dzeByzantium, Yekare Rus neGermany, Baba George ndiFeodor Stratilat (Stratilon), asi nhoroondo yake yakafanana neyemwanakomana wake.

Apo Feodor akafa, Yegory naamai vake vakatamira kuPalestine Syria, kuguta reLiddu: imomo vakange vane zvipfumi uye nzvimbo. Murume uyu akabatana nebasa kuna Diocletian, uyo akabva atonga. Kutenda kumano ake uye mano ake, simba rinoshamisa uye masculinity, Yegoriy akakurumidza kuva mumwe wevatungamiri vakanakisisa uye akagamuchira zita rezita reBurve.

Rufu nokuda kwekutenda

Mambo aizivikanwa seaivenga chiKristu, achirova nekutsoropodza vose vakatsunga kurwisana nechihedheni, uye pavakadzidza kuti George akanga ari muteveri waKristu akazvipira, akaedza kumumanikidza kuti arambe kutenda kwake nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Sezvo akatambura kukundwa kwakawanda, Diocletian muSeneti akazivisa mutemo unopa vose "varwi nokuda kwekutenda kwechokwadi" rusununguko rwakakwana rwekuita, kusvika pakuponda kwevasingatendi (kureva, vaKristu).

Panguva imwecheteyo, Sofia akafa, uye Yegory the Brave, akagovera nhaka yake yose yakawanda nenhumbi kune vanhu vasina misha, akauya kuimba yamambo uye akazviziva pachena seMuKristu zvakare. Akatorwa, akaiswa pasi pamazuva mazhinji ekutambudzwa, panguva iyo uyo Akakunda akaramba achiratidza simba raIshe, achidzoka kubva pamaronda akaipa. Pane imwe yeizvi nguva, mudzimai waMambo Alexander akadavira munaKristu, iyo yakaoma mwoyo yaDoocletian: akaraira kuti aparadze musoro waGeorge.

Yakanga iri gore re303 rekanguva yedu. Imwe jaya rakashinga, rakafumura rima rechihedheni ndokuwira pakubwinya kwaIshe, rakanga risati rava nemakore makumi matatu nemakore panguva iyoyo.

St. George

Kubvira kare muzana remakore rechina munyika dzakasiyana-siyana yakatanga kuvaka machechi eSt. George, achisimudzira minyengetero yake semudziviriri uye achikudzwa munhau, nziyo uye nezvinyorwa. MuRussia Yaroslav the Wise akasarudzwa November 26 mutambo weSt. George: pazuva ranhasi akapiwa kuvonga uye kurumbidzwa, achitaura zvinyengeri zvemhanza uye kusagadzikana muhondo. Egorii akakumbira kuporesa, kuva nerusununguko mukuvhima nekukohwa kwakanaka, vazhinji varwi vanofunga kuti iye mutongi wavo.

Musoro nemunondo we Yegory Mushingi anochengetwa muSan Georgia muVelor, pasi peatari huru, uye ruoko rwake rworudyi (chikamu chechipiri kusvika kune zvigaro) mumuzinda we Xenophon muGreece, paGomo reAthos dzvene.

Zuva reKurangarira

Aprili 23 (Mei 6, maererano nemutauro mutsva) ndiro zuva raSt. George rakakunda. Maererano nenhau, musi uyu akagura musoro. Rimwe zuva rinonzi "Yegory Veshny" (mutsime): nhasi musi vafudzi vekutanga vakabudisa zvipfuwo kumafuro, vakaunganidza mishonga yemishonga uye vakaita tsika yekugeza mu "kuporesa Yuryevskaya dew", iyo yakachengetedzwa kubva kune zvirwere zvinomwe.

Zuva iri raifungidzirwa richifananidzirwa uye rakapatsanurwa gore mugore rechipiri (pamwe pamwe nezuva raDmitriev). Paiva nezviratidzo zvakawanda nemashoko pamusoro peSt. George's Day, kana zuva reNyika reKutengesa, sezvazvakadanwa zvakare.

Zororo repiri rekunamatwa kwaEgor Khrabry raiva musi waNovember 26 (December 9 maererano nemutauro mutsva) uye wakanzi Yegory Osenny, kana Cold. Zvaitendwa kuti nanhasi St. George akasunungura mhumhi kuita kuda, iyo inogona kukuvadza mombe, saka vakaedza kugadzirisa mhuka kune imwe nzvimbo yechando. Pazuva rino, mutsvene ainyengetererwa kudzivirira kubva kumapumhi, achimuti "mufudzi wechiri".

MuGeorgia, musi waApril 23 neNovember 10, gore roga roga Giorgob inopemberera - mazuva aSt. George, mutongi weGeorgia (kune pfungwa yokuti nyika yakatumidzwa mushure mokunge mutsvene saGeorg: Georgia-Georgia).

Kuremekedza mune dzimwe nyika

Munyika dzakawanda dzenyika, George the Victorious ndeimwe yevatsvene vatsvene nevadziviriri:

• Georgia: Egoriy ndiye mutsvene anoremekedzwa zvikuru munyika ino, pamwe naNina the Enlightener, uyo anoonekwa sehanzvadzi yake. Chechi yokutanga muGeorgia nokuda kwokubwinya kwaSt. George yakarongedzwa chaizvo mugore rekufa kwaNina, mupositori muna 335, uye St. George Cross yakaiswa muhurumende mureza. Mumazuva aSt. George munyika iyo zuva rekushanda.
• England: munyika ino, Saint George (George) ndiyewo mutariri mukuru wenyika. Mune imwe yeMisangano yeRoma, uyo akakunda akaonekwa pamberi pehondo yakakosha uye akavabatsira kuti vakunda hondo. Yakanga iri kubva panguva iyoyo iyo Saint George inoremekedzwa munyika yose. Pazuva rekupembererwa - Kubvumbi 23, kune misi mikuru, zvifambiso uye maitiro echechi. Mutauro weChirungu wenyika mureza uyewo St. St. cross.
• Munyika dzeArab, Giorgia inonzi ndiyo yekutanga isiri Quranic saint. Anotumwa minyengetero panguva yekudonha.
• Usgergi (Uastygdi) ndiro zita re Yegory the Brave muAssetia, kwaanofungidzirwa kuti ndiye mubati wevarume (vakadzi vanoregererwa kupa zita rake). Mazororo mukukudzwa kwake anoguma vhiki rose, kutanga musi weSvondo wechitatu weNovember.

George anokunda anonyanya kukoshesa munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, uye mune rimwe nerimwe zita rake rinoshandurwa maererano netsika yemutauro: Dozhrut, Jerzy, George, George, York, Egor, Yuri, Jiri.

Taura muvanhu vechidiki

Nzira dzezvemabasa evatsvene dzakapararira kwete chete munyika yechiKristu, asiwo pakati pevanhu vevamwe zvitendero. Chitendero chimwe nechimwe chakashandura zvishoma, asi chimiro chakaramba chisina kuchinja: Saint Yuri aiva akashinga, akashinga uye murindiri akarurama uye mutendi wechokwadi akafira kutenda, asi haana kuchinja mweya wake.

Mumashoko eYegory the Brave (rimwe zita, "Chishamiso cheNyoka") rinotaura kuti jaya rakashinga rakachengetedza sei mwanasikana muduku wevatongi veguta, uyo akatumirwa kuurayiwa kwechirume ichibva kugungwa nechinotyisa. Nyoka iyo yakavhundutsa vagari vemo iri pedyo, vachikumbira vana kuti vadye, uye hakuna munhu aigona kumukunda kusvikira George aonekwa. Akachema kuna Ishe, uye nemubatsiro weminyengetero akadzikisa chikara. Akashandisa bhanhire remusikana akadzikinurwa sechando, Egorius akatungamirira nyoka kupinda muguta uye, pamberi pevose vagari vemo, vakamuuraya ndokumupwanya nebhiza rake.

"Bylina pamusoro peEgoriya akashinga" yakanyorwa naPeter Kireevsky pakati pezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe kubva pamashoko ekare-kare. Inotaura nezvekuberekwa, kusimwa kwaYuri uye mhirizhonga kurwisa Busurman, Demjanischa, uyo akapwanya pasi kubwinya kwaIshe. Bylina anonyatsorondedzera zviitiko zvemazuva masere ekupedzisira eutsvene mutsvene, achitsanangura zvakadzama matambudzo uye kutambudzwa kwakaitwa naEgorii, uye kuti nguva nenguva sei vatumwa vake vakamutswa.

"Chishamiso cheVa Saracens"

Imwe tsika yakakurumbira pakati pevaMuslim neArabhu: inotaura nezveArabhu uyo aida kuratidzira kusaremekedza kwechiKristu chetsvene uye kupfura kubva muuta mumufananidzo weSt. George. Maoko eSaracen akazununguka uye akarasikirwa nekunzwisisika, akarohwa nemoto, akadana kumupristi kubva mutemberi iyi nekukumbira rubatsiro uye kuchemekedza. Mufundisi akamuudza kuti asungirire chiratidzo chakatukwa pamusoro pemubhedha wake, anoenda kunorara, uye mangwanani kuti asvike maoko ake namafuta kubva pachigadziko, chaifanira kupisa usiku hwose pane iyi chiratidzo. Arab inotya yakazviita. Akange akafadzwa nekuporesa kuti akabvuma chiKristu uye akatanga kurumbidza kubwinya kwaIshe munyika yake.

Temberi dzekubwinya kwaiye mutsvene

Chechi yokutanga yaSt. George Iyo Yakakunda yakavakwa muKievya muzana remakore rechi11 naJaroslav the Wise, pakupera kwezana remakore rechi12 Kurmukh Church (St. George's Church) yakaiswa muGeorgia. MuEtiopia, pane temberi isina kujairika mukuremekedza uyu mutsvene: akave akachekwa kubva padombo rekufananidzira kwechiGiriki muzana remakore rechi12 nemutongi wemunharaunda. Iyo shrine inoenda pasi pasi kwemamita gumi nemaviri, ichienda muhupamhi kusvika kune imwe nzvimbo iri kure.

Makiromita mashanu kubva kuVeliky Novgorod ndiyo Mbudzi yeSt. Yuris, iyo yakaiswawo naJaroslav the Wise.

Imwe nyanzvi yeRussia Orthodox muMoscow yakasimuka pachitendero chechechi duku yeSt. George uye akava mhuri yemhuri yemhuri yaRomanov. Balaklava muCrimea, Lozhevskaya muBulgaria, temberi pagomo reP Pskov uye nezviuru zvevamwe-izvi zvose zvakavakirwa kubwinya kwemufundisi mukuru.

Zviratidzo zvemufananidzo wakakurumbira

Pakati pevanyori vemifananidzo, Yegory uye zvibvumirano zvake zvaifarira kufarira nekufarirwa: aiwanzofananidzirwa sejaya risina kusimba pabhiza jena rine pfumo refu, richirova dhiragoni (nyoka). Zvinoreva chifananidzo cheSt. George chiratidzo chikuru chechiKristu: nyoka chiratidzo chechihedheni, pasi nechisimba, zvakakosha kuti isakanganiswe nejoka - ichi chisikwa chine mazhe mana, uye nyoka ine maviri chete - sechikonzero, inogara ichidonha nedumbu rake pasi (plazun, reptile - chiratidzo chetsitsi uye nhema mumatende ekare). Yegoriy inoratidzwa nemusikana wechidiki (sechiratidzo chete chechiKristu chinotanga kubuda), bhiza rake rinove chiedza uye airy, uye kakawanda rinoratidzira Kristu kana ruoko rwake rworudyi. Izvi zvakare zvaive nezvine zvaireva: George haana kukunda, asi nokuda kwesimba raIshe.

Kukosha kwechiratidzo cheSt. George Chakukunda chakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana: mutsvene anowanzofananidzirwa semunhu akavakwa zvakanaka ane pfumo rakasimba uye bhiza rine simba-kududzirwa kwechimwe chinhu chechigamba chemhare chinomira pakudzivirirwa kwevakarurama.