Yakakurumbira Nhare kuCrimea

Chokwadi munhu wose akaona kuti hapana saka zvikuru uye zvakajeka haafungi nokufamba kwenguva, sapamazuva hafu-yakashatiswa nhare dziri - zvapupu kubwinya kare uye ukuru. On chiduku nomunda, anenge zvachose dzakapoteredzwa samaragidhino mvura yegungwa, muCrimea kweItari, unogona kuwana imwe incredible nhamba nematende kubva eras siyana. Vamwe vavo zvino ezvinhu zvakanaka uye kuramba katyamadza pamwe rakaisvonaka runako rwayo, vamwe ungwanjangwanja. Uye tinogona chete zvokufungidzira zvavaizofanira, zvavari. Zvisinei, pane chinhu chakafanana chinobatanidza zvose nhare Crimea. Izvi nharaunda dzavo zvinoshamisa: ari yevedza makomo, nenzwi greenery uye maruva, tekoizi matenga ebhuruu uye kwazvo jengachenga.

Historical nhaka kuCrimea

Izvi zvinoshamisa kweItari panguva dzakasiyana nguva ivepo rakanga pasi pasimba siyana inoti, uye nokudaro dzakasiyana. Ndokusaka nhare Crimea zvakasiyana zvikuru mumwe. Pane dzekare zvikuru, ari Hellenistic manyorerwo, uye Ages-European, uye vechiJudha uye Muslim. Gore negore zviuru zvevashanyi pano kuenda kumatongo zvivako yekare, kufamba shure munguva uye vawane achitaura nhoroondo.

Chersonese

nhare ichi inonzi Russian Troy. Riri pedyo neguta Sevastopol. Vanochera matongo vanodavira kuti makore Chersones anopfuura 2000. It rakaumbwa muna 5th remakore BC uye akavapo kusvikira muzana remakore rechi15, kwenguva itsva. nhare ichi vakashumira sokunoratidza pfungwa yokuti umambo chePondasi, uye ipapo kuRoma yekare uye Byzantium. Sezvo mumwe nomumwe wavabati Chersonese aida kuti guta rakasimba zvikuru uye haripindiki, kuMiddle Ages nokutarisa kukwira panharirire yakasvika 5 metres, upamhi - 4 m, uye urefu - 3 km.

Zvikurukuru Chinoshamisawo kuvakwa flanking shongwe Zeno, mumwe varidzi wenhare wokutanga. Kusvikira tava akasvikawo uye wekare yemitambo, inova chete mune yaimbova Soviet Union, uye nechepakati pachivara - mumusika uye Basilica iri Basilica (Ages chechi Christian). Pakupera rechi20 remakore nhare Chersonese zvakanzi apinda muna UNESCO World Heritage List somumwe 100 zvikuru Zvivako tsika nyika.

nenhare Calamita

Wokutanga nheyo ibwe iri guru hurongwa vakaiswa nevaGiriki muna VI remakore pamusoro nzvimbo muguta Inkerman. Nhare yakavakwa kudzivirira Chersonese. In Calamita kwazvo nzvimbo. Zvinonzi anodzivirirwa kumativi ose nevavengi zvepanyama vachengeti - mawere. Chete nzvimbo vane mamwe nhare kuCrimea. Ngozi vakavapoteredza kakawanda rusvingo uye akachera mugero.

Nhasi, kubva unoriumba ukuru akanga chete ungwandangwanda. Zvisinei, havana kutipa pfungwa chii chaiva nhare mumazuva kubwinya kwayo. Under Kalamita unogona kuona mubako wemamongi. Ane mazana maviri muduku pane yemauto pachayo. KuMiddle Ages Calamita izvozvo zvaiva hugota pamusoro Theodoro, kudzivirira chengarava Avlita kwomuvengi ane zvekunze. Kwechinguva guta-nhare yaiva chikuru chengarava hugota, iyo pashure kuwa akawira pasi hutongi Genoese, vokuTurkey, Tatars.

Aluston

Kufanana nevamwe dzavarwi Crimea Aluston izvozvo chinopukunyuka nhasi anenge chose matongo. Riri pakati Alushta, kusanganisira dzinogarwa dzimba. nhare ichi uyewo Calamita, yakavakwa muna 6th remakore AD, panguva kuomerera kuna Byzantine mambo Justinian I. rwaidzivirira veko vanhu kubva muArabhu. KuMiddle Ages nhare Akatsoropodzwa Genoese, akarikunda, uye reconstructed nenzira yake. Pakati pezana remakore rechi15 yakaparadzwa Aluston wakabatwa vokuTurkey. Pashure paizvozvo, nhare haasisina akapora. Mukupera 90s remakore rapfuura zviremera Ukrainian munhare akavaka departmental pachipatara pacho. Nhasi kubva paiva mumwe chete kumativi shongwe Ashagi Kul.

Medieval nenhare kuCrimea

Muna 12-14 emakore, Peninsula Kakawanda Akatsoropodzwa Genoese. Kuti ndivo vavaki Ages nhare. Zviya, nzvimbo basa ravo, kazhinji akasarudza matongo mumaguta. Genoese Crimean kuvimba nahwo panyaya iyi. Pakati ano Alushta uye Gurzuf dzinoverengeka nhare kuMiddle Ages nayo yakavakwa. Kana Akatsoropodzwa Khazars, vakaparadza izvozvo anenge zvachose VIII remakore musi Gorzouvites nhare. Zvisinei, nechikepe Peninsula iri Genoese panzvimbo akavaka imwe yemauto asi mune Mediterranean maitiro.

The Genoese nhare muna Sudak

It ane anoshamisa zvivako uye kare. Munzvimbo yayo, zvivako vokutanga vakasikwa 5-6 emakore, chaiyo panguva apo Byzantine vatongi vaiva nesimba pamusoro Peninsula pamusoro Crimea. Genoese nhare, mapikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya, yakavakwa pashure, ndakanga ndauya kuchitsuwa pedyo vokuItaly. Tisati nguva yedu kuponesa vamwe memasvingo aro. Nhasi kazhinji inoshandiswa siyana mitambo, izvo mwoyo munharaunda huru Rwako evashanyi muzvikamu izvi.

Funa

Zita Castle ichi rinoshandurwa kubva muchiGiriki se "nokuipisa noutsi hwemvura". Funa nhare muna Crimea uye riri mu Alushta - mumupata pegomo Demerdzhi. Iye akaridza basa okumabvazuva revarwi vairinda uye akabatsira kuti nhare Aluston. Funa ndicho chatinonyanya kukosha kuti vagari Alushta, uye kuCrimea yose. Vanotaura vanoti pano akavigwa rimwe Navahosi vakagadzirira. Zvinonzi akanga avete mubhokisi nekorona yendarama pamusoro wake. Chokwadi, vakawanda hope kuwana nayo pakati ungwandangwanda wenhare, asi kutsvaka ave saka kure zvisina maturo.

hweOttoman pakudzorwa

Yeni Kale rinoshandurwa kubva Turkish se "nhare mutsva". Rinobuda pamatombo pamahombekombe Strait of Kerch. Munyori okumusoro akanga wokuItaly akitekiti Goloppo. Zvinonzi akati achinja kutenda kwake wechiKristu Islam, saka vazhinji vanoona ake "manyorero" Oriental muhwezva. Panguva iyoyo, yaiva mukati munhare ravarwi. Chaiva vanhu chiuru. Kubvira 1771, vokuTurkey yapamba nhare akaupa kuna Russia, uye pakupera iri 2000s, pane akawana Maive mari yendarama 77. Yeni-Kale - zvikuru yakakurumbira pamusoro Peninsula ari Turkish wakakombwa. Crimea Chokwadi, akanga dzakaoma munguva hweOttoman utongi. Zvisinei, mushure kuenda vokuTurkey mundima vakanaka nhare, nhasi vari pakati yakanakisisa vemo zvinokwezva.

mhedziso

Zviri boka duku nhare dzakanga yakavakwa vatenzi siyana Peninsula. Ndicho chikonzero mapurani zvavo zvikuru. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa kunyange kuburikidza pamatongo.