Where nemapoka Cave ndiye - wakarebesa bako munyika?

Kana tichiti "nemapoka Cave", haugoni kubatsira kufungidzira zvisaririra zvemhuka zvasara Ice Age hofori akawana mapiyona mukudhinda dzimba. Kutaura zvazviri, Chirungu shoko nemapoka ari "rakakura". Naizvozvo mubako haina chokuita nemapoka. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinonakidza chaizvo kushanyira. Izvi zvinoshamisa pevhu nyika zvinosanganisira hofori dzimba, refu pemipata, mapazi dzokuratidzira. Pano nzizi dzinoyerera, ruzha nemapopoma, pane nyanza. The nemapoka Cave zvinowanikwa chinokosha fauna of - eyeless kuti shrimp, hove bofu. Izvi labyrinth pevhu haisi aizvinzwisisa. Panguva iyoyo, tinogona kutaura pamusoro mazana mashanu namakumi masere nomwe makiromita kureba. Uye ichi inoshamisa mufananidzo anoratidza nemapoka Cave mu isiyo vatungamiriri chakarebesa pachivande maberere. Asi roga gore cavers vanoona ndima itsva uye dzimba! About zvinoshamisa yepasi, verenga nyaya ino.

Aripiko nemapoka Cave

Zvichienderana guru kukura pachivande maberere, tinogona kutaura kuti ruoko pasi rose Ridge Flint Ridge (Flint Ridge) pamusoro kumadokero Spurs Makomo Appalachian. Nemapoka Cave ane migumo wandei pamusoro pemvura. Uye yapfuura zvakanzi vaidavira kuti Crystal, wakawanda, asingazivikanwi - vamwe pachivande hurongwa. Zvisinei Speleological zveBhaibheri ichiitwa pakati remakore rapfuura, vakawana kuti vari vose nechokuita nemapoka. Muna 1972, pakundopambara remasayendisiti yave kuzivikanwa ndima iri huru mamiriro muchivande namaberere Fisher Ridge. Chief, pamutemo suo iri pedyo netaundi Brownsville (Kentucky, USA). Makumi masere makiromita kure ndiyo guta Bowling Green, uyo mubako batanidza migwagwa 31E, 31W uye ini-65. The dzendege pedyo dziri muna Indianapolis, uye Nashville.

ukoshi

Kubvira ipapo, masayendisiti yakasimbiswa kubatana pakati pachivande namaberere pasi muhomba Fisher uye Flint, nemapoka Cave akava munyika kwenguva refu. On hwaro ichi, kuti UNESCO muna 1981 yaisanganisira nawo ayo mazita rwokuzvarwa World Heritage nzvimbo (pa nhamba 150). Kana iwe batanidza mubako, achitora wechipiri nowechitatu rakareba kupfuura munyika, uye ipapo nemapoka yaizova yakareba kupfuura imwe zana namakumi matanhatu makiromita. Pamutemo, iri zvinoshamisa kusika zvisikwa inonzi nemapoka-Flint Ridge Cave System. Rinogona kushandurudzwa se "Giant bako hurongwa pasi muhomba Flint." Asi kwete bedzi nemhaka kukura nzvimbo ino ashanyirwa vashanyi. Nemapoka Cave (mufananidzo uyu zvinoratidza) ndiko kuti kushamisa vaenzi ayo. Pano mummified muviri rakawanikwa imwe Indian, uyo akafa zviuru zviviri apfuura apo kugadzirwa gypsum. Nemhaka inokosha microclimate uye kusavapo utachiona mudenga uye nguo zvakakwana vakachengetedzwa cadaver tishu. Takatodzidza ataurwa pamusoro chakavanzika vagere eyeless pevhu nzizi Echo uye Styx. Masayendisiti haagoni asi inosanganisira zvisikwa izvi kuti chero anozivikanwa muchimiro hove. Around nemapoka Cave National Park chakatangwa kuti achengetedze pristine hunhu uye vanhu zviremwaremwa.

Sei mubako hurongwa

Pakuvamba, musi nzvimbo ano mamiriro Kentucky lapped kudzika uye kwoushamwari gungwa. Mamiriyoni mollusks akararama mumvura, uye anoshongwa dzavo vakanyura makadzika, chiwondomoke, chakatsikirirwa pasi mutoro vamwe. Ndiwo sei simba reraimu inotungamirwa. Ipapo gungwa rakatanga taramuka, zvichikonzera paupamhi uye isapinda paiva sandstone Big Clift. Makore anenge mamiriyoni gumi akapfuura vakatanga karsting reraimu rikurumidze. Sandstone akaita sechinhu chokufukidzisa: haana kubvumira mvura mvura kusuka kure choko kumusoro. reraimu washout kwakaitika muura enyika mvura ive rwizi yekare pevhu. Naizvozvo, nemapoka Cave Zvinoshamisawo kuti pane zvishoma zvinowanzoitika mumapako idzodzo - stalactites uye stalagmites. Chete mune dzimwe nzvimbo, vasanaiwa nemvura akachera migumo kuti panyika, uye leaked kuburikidza sandstone, akasika makamuri "Frozen Niagara" uye vamwe.

Huro bako

Sezvo mukuru nesuo, uyewo mamwe mawindo zvakaitwa kare vaiona lazami mune dzimwe mumapako, izvozvo kare vanoziva yeko maIndia. Izvi runoratidzwa pachake makuva uye mitumbi akafa uye charred tsapo tsanga, iyo vaongorori kushandiswa senzvimbo chinyakare somwenje. Amai getter plaster, akapwanyika shanu-savi dombo, akawana makiromita mashanu kubva pamukova. Asi pakati vokuEurope nemapoka Cave zvikazikamwa chete muna 1797, uye ipapo chete netsaona. Two vavhimi vakatevera yakuvara grizzly akaona guru mazano kupinda muura enyika.

Place nitrate kugadzirwa uye nemakanzuru nhangaruvazhe

Enterprising colonists pakarepo akawana kushandisa kwake kuziva. First muridzi, B. Simon, vakasimuka pano potassium nitrate uye akapfuma, nekuti ipapo pakanga pane hondo England. In yorunyararo, kana kudiwa vanoumba chimwe chezvinonhuwira gunpowder dzakawira, nebako yazova munharaunda kukwezvana. Panguva iyoyo yakanga vawana Amai ane Indian. Kunyengera Vaenzi shoma kubako, muridzi wayo, F. Gorin muna 1838 akagadza mutungamiriri muranda wake, Stephen Bishop. Rakanga munhu tinofanira kutanga Mepu pachivande labyrinth. Bishop akakwanisa kuburikidza "gomba risina kwarinogumira" uye kuwana kuti nemapoka Cave, kureba yaiva ipapo kuonekwa 16 makiromita, zvikuru kureba - 40? Km. This guide muranda akauya nemazita mazhinji dzimba namaberere, iyo zvino kushandiswa vatungamiriri ano.

Pachipatara pacho, National Park

Dzh.Kogan akatenga mubako uye kupinda kutengeserana Bishop vokutanga muridzi uye akasarudza akamisa muura dzenyika pachipatara pacho nokuda consumptive. Varwere usaswedera kwazvo, asi zvishoma nezvishoma zvinobatsira nemapoka Cave sezvo tourist kukwezvwa kubva ehurumende. Mune 30s wekupedzisira remakore kubudikidza veko kuti litigation vakaita kuzvibvisa munyika kumativi pamukova ari mwana Kogan. Muna 1941, kwaiva nemapoka Cave National Park - «nemapoka Cave - National Park".

excursions

Gore negore mubako riri akashanyira munenge 500 zviuru vashanyi. Mamaneja National Park anopa vashanyi akawanda mhando excursions, zvakasiyana kwenguva cost, kureba nzira yayo kunzwisisa. Mitengo kutanga madhora mana (okutanga maawa Tour). Zvikurukuru dzakakurumbira rwendo-awa nhanhatu (12 USD). Vashanyi anopedza musi Cleveland Avenue, ane masvingo penya kubva gypsum. Zvadaro Vafambi vane nokuruma mu "Table Snowman." The nzira ichipfuura rakamanikana uye rakadzika kuzvimbirwa Boone Avenue uye inoguma mu muhoro "Frozen Niagara." Kubatidza yose nzira rwokuparidza ichi magetsi. Asi iwe unogona kudzidza kutarisa nemapoka Cave adarika, kana akaongorora mapiyona. Kuti vaite izvi, uye pane zvishomanana "mhuka" Tours (46 USD). Vashanyi vanopiwa nengowani, mwenje, uye ivo vaende kuburikidza inovhiringidza yokuchinja pachivande dzimba namaberere, izvo dzimwe nguva kuti vanokwira muguruva.