Wepfungwa Anna Freud: A Biography uye Photo

Anna Freud, mapikicha uye nhoroondo dzeupenyu dzinoturwa munyaya ino - mwanasikana muduku Sigmund Freud uye mudzimai wake Marita. Akaberekwa muna 1895, December 3. Panguva iyoyo mamiriro ezvemari mhuri yakanga yakaoma, uye zvinetso mudzimba yakawedzera kuberekwa mwana wechitanhatu. Marta Freyd kuzvidzora akatungamirira mhuri, uyewo kutarisira vana. Kuti kumubatsira kumba Freud kuti akatamira Minna, munun'una wake. Akava amai wechipiri Anna.

Zvinoitwa nababa

Sigmund akamanikidzwa kushanda nesimba chaizvo. Chete munguva dzemazororo, akawana nzira kukurukura nevana vavo. Nokuti baba Anna akanga ari soro mubayiro kukudzwa. Akaedza kuti ave nani.

kudzidza

Muna 1901, Anna akanga vakabvuma kuti chikoro voga. Pashure pemakore maviri kudzidza ikoko wakapfuurira zvavo. Ipapo Anna Freud akanyoresa private kusekondari. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvisiri zvakakwana munhu prodlozheniya kurovedzwa yunivhesiti - aifanira sekondari. Yepamusoro Education Anna haana kugamuchira.

Pokusiyana Sophie

Nokuti musikana yazova akaoma 1911. Ipapo akasiya imba yababa vake, Sophie, hanzvadzi yake. It ainyanyodiwa nababa vake, uye vakawanda vashanyi ayo pakarepo kudanana nomusikana uyu. Sophie naAnna vaigara rimwe kamuri uye ushamwari chaizvo. Apo Sophie paakaroorwa, Anna akanga akatendeukira makore 16 okuberekwa. Chakatokanganisa vakapfuura bvunzo muna Lyceum. Mukadzi anoshushikana mubvunzo sei vamwe wake zvichaguma. Akanga asina akanaka, kunyange akafunga pachayo mamirire home youth maximalism.

Travel, kupfuurira dzidzo uye kudzidzisa zvinhu

On zano Sigmund akaenda rwendo kuti tisanzwe nokufunganya pamusoro nefemero matsva. 5 months Anna yapera Italy, uye pashure vakadzokera kumba, akaramba dzidzo yake. Final bvunzo iye akapfuura muna 1914, uye akatevera 5 makore akanga achiparidza mukudzidzisa basa.

Kujairirana psychoanalysis

Sigmund vagutsikana basa mwanasikana wake. Akataura kuti musikana mutsamba chete vaviri kwokushaya kwayo - overreliance pamusoro knitting uye akakotama mamiriro. Anne kutanga vanzwa psychoanalysis kuna baba vake kana iye makore 13. Gare gare, achiona kuti mwanasikana wake ari pachokwadi kufarira, Sigmund akabvumira wake kuti pane hurukuro yake uye kunyange panguva negashiro varwere. Munguva kubva 1918 kusvika 1921, iye akabata kuongorora baba vake. Izvi zvakanga kutyora psychoanalytic tsika, asi Sigmund simba haana kubvumira vateveri vake kuti vataure kusatendera kwavo pachena.

Mushure World War First, vanakomana Freud vakanga vatora kuhondo, uye mwanasikana wake taroorana. Anna ndiye chete vana vakagara pamwe nababa vavo. Aive chikomba.

Wokutanga budiriro

Kubvira 1918, iye akatora mugove International Psychoanalytic Congress. Imwe nhengo "Psychoanalytic Publishing House" (Chirungu Department) akatanga muna 1920. Zvayaida chokuita zviroto chokwadi nengano. Anna kushandurirwa bhuku "ichimutsa pakurota" German J. Varendok.

Muna 1923 Anna akazarura tsika yake. Yakaiswa mumba apo akatora baba vake varwere. By Sigmund vakasvika nevakuru, uye Anna akatora vana. Nderake wake chikwereti yavaive pauduku psychoanalysis sezvo yakazvimirira nhungamiro uchidzidzira. Rethinking pfungwa baba, Anna Freud akaita akaisa zvose zvayo pfungwa mwana. Handiti haisi shoma, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange zvakawanda kubatsirwa uye kutambudzika saizvozvo akura.

Zvipingamupinyi ari nyanzvi basa

Pakutanga I akata- nematambudziko avo nemazvo mabasa Anna Freud. Biography hazvina kwakaratidzwa kuwana dzidzo zvokurapa. Kuishaya yave chipingamupinyi pamutemo. Zigmund Freyd psychoanalysis vaiti nani zvepfungwa pane mushonga. Zvisinei, pfungwa iyi haisi zvose. Uyezve, vakawanda vaongorori vakanga dzidzo kuchipatara. Saka, kusava Anna ake akatarira chinokosha kuvamirira. Kwairi haana kutuma varwere. The musikana aifanira kutanga navana shamwari nekuvazikanwi. Akazivisawo matambudziko kushanda pamwe nevarwere vaduku. Adults vaifarira kurapwa uye achida kuchibhadhara. Zvisinei, mwana kwakatungamirira vabereki Anna vake, apo kazhinji pamusoro zvaanoda. Vana kazhinji capricious, asingadi kutaura, akavanda pasi petafura. Pano uye anobatsira Anna yawana kudzidzisa ruzivo: akakwanisa kuronga vadzidzi pachake. Akaudza varwere yokuvaraidza nyaya yangu, vakagamuchira yavo chinangwa, uye kana zvakafanira, uye iye aigona kuwana pasi petafura kutaura zvishoma mikukutu.

Help baba

Anna Freud pakarepo akawana kubva muna 1923 kuti Sigmund aiva nekenza. Akaenda kunorapwa, kuoma nokuda rinorema kubuda ropa. Anna akati kuti Sigmund vanoda kubatsira kuwana kumba. Kuti atsigire baba vake, iye akaisa vakazvitsaurira kuita. Sigmund Freud zvikuru nemhaka Anna akakwanisa kurarama mamwe makore 16. 31 akavhiyiwa. Mwanasikana wake akatarisa shure kwake, uye akatora pamusoro guru mugove bhizimisi rayo. Anna akaita panguva dzakawanda congresses panzvimbo Sigmund, wakatora mubayiro wake, aiverenga mashoko.

Ukama D. Burlingame

In Vienna muna 1925 vakauya D. Burlingame-Tiffany. Uyu mwanasikana akapfuma industrialist uye muvambi Tiffany admire pamusoro Sigmund Freud. Iye asvika naye vana, asi pasina murume wake (uyo aiva tsamwa ukama). Anna Freud akava amai wechipiri vana vake, uyewo womunun'una wake - mwana Sophie, uyo akafa muna 1920. Iye akaridza navo, vakafamba, akaenda yemitambo. D. Berling muna 1928 takatamira kuimba Freud kusvikira afa (muna 1979) aigara pano.

bhuku rokutanga

Pakapera 1924 aiva munyori Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute Anna Freyd. Vana psychoanalysis - nyaya hurukuro vadzidzisi, izvo iye verenga paInstitute. Wokutanga bhuku Anna Freud yaiumbwa hurukuro mana. Zvakanyorwa kunzi "An Introduction to magadzirirwo mwana psychoanalysis." Bhuku iri rakabudiswa muna 1927.

nguva yakaoma

1930 kwakanga kwakaoma nokuda psychoanalytic kufamba, uye mhuri Freud vake. "Psychoanalytic Publishing House", iyo yakavakirwa guru yaiitirwa mukutanga 1920s, muna 1931, akatosvika yaparadzwa. It akaponeswa chete kwakaitwa Anna Freud.

"Psychology Ini uye kuchengetedzwa"

Muna 1936, huru yokungotaura basa mutsvakurudzi rakabudiswa. Anna Freud ( "Psychology I uye kudzivirira zvigadziriswe") akashora pfungwa kuti chinangwa psychoanalysis - chete afenda. It anova "Ini" - pakati chavanoziva. Saka Psychoanalysis Anna Freud ichazivikanwa noku itsva yokusvika kuna chinhu.

Nazi basa

Over Europe panguva ino makore vakaungana Nazism. Pashure Hitler kutonga, kurambidza kwave kuchiita psychoanalysis uye Sigmund zvinyorwa vaipiswa. Psychoanalysts, ruchifanoona ngozi akasiya Austria. Kunyanya, vaJudha vaitya nevaNazi. Vanorwara nevakwegura Freud zvakanga zvakaoma kusiya nyika. KuVienna, akawana Nazi basa. Annu Freyd March 22, 1938 ndadaidzwa kuti Gestapo kuzobvunzurudzwa. Achityira kurwadziswa, akatora muchetura. zuva rino raiva zvinotyisa mutsekwende wake. Her hwose upenyu akatambudzwa kubudikidza ndangariro naye. Anna ipapo haana kukwanisa kudzokera apo iye akatarira meso rufu. Chete muna 1971 akapinda gungano pfupi kushanya kuna Vienna, akashanyira imba-Museum, uko iye akararama kamwe pachake.

kuenda kumwe

Kuburikidza kubatsirwa Marie Bonaparte, muchindakadzi French, uyewo American mumiriri France neAustria, Sigmund Freud, mwanasikana wake uye mudzimai wake akakwanisa kutenga vaNazi. Mhuri 4 June 1938 akaenda Paris, uye ipapo - kuEngland. Pano Freud naAnna akararama upenyu hwake hwose. Sigmund Freud akafa muna 1939, musi 23 September. Anna pakarepo vakatanga kushanda racho mabasa ake yakaunganidzwa. Muna 1942-45 gg. zvakanzi yakabudiswa muGermany muna German.

Chiito Anna Freud ari yepashure pehondo

Pashure pehondo, Anna akatuma zvavanoita zvose kubatsira vana kunetsekana German kubhomba. Iye akaunganidza vana chakasakara dzimba, uye akarongeka rubatsiro kwavari, ari panguva dzakasiyana makambani, nheyo uye vanhu nzira kuvatsigira. Anna Freud muna 1939 akavhura chevana. Kusvikira 1945, vakawana pokugara vana vanopfuura 80 vemazera akasiyana. Anna akabudisa migumisiro zvidzidzo zvinoitwa pamusoro experimental data, mu "Monthly Report".

Anna Freud muna 1945 raiva makore 50. Pazera, vazhinji mudyandigere asi akashingaira munyika zivo yavo. Anna vaiitawo congresses, honorary mhemberero, misangano, kufamba yakawanda. rwendo wake kuUnited States wokutanga kwakaitika muna 1950. Iye akapa hurukuro. In London, mwanasikana Sigmund Freud aishanda akatanga: akatungamirira mharidzo, colloquiums, misangano, kugadzirisa matambudziko yesangano.

Celebrities vakatendeukira kuna Anna

Psychoanalysis nevamwe pasina kusvikira 1982. vakakurumbira vazhinji vakauya kwaari, kusanganisira Marilyn Monroe. Anna aiva simba guru Hermann Washington, akaramba neVadzidzi A. Schweitzer. 12 kakawanda pashure 1950 akafamba kuUnited States kupa hurukuro.

Wokupedzisira basa, okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Muna 1965, Anna Freud akapedza kwokupedzisira basa "Norm uye zvokurwara pauduku." Varo Muna 1968, Anna rwakamuita mumutauro wavo waamai. Anna Freud kwenguva refu nechirwere musana marwadzo, zvemapapu chirwere nguva. To ichi chakawedzerwa muna 1976 kupererwa neropa. Iye aida kugara ropa. Kunyange pazera makore 80, Anna haana akamira kushanda. Zvisinei, March 1, 1982 nesitiroko, pashure iyo Pazvinotanga rutivi, zvakaomesa kutaura nyonganyonga. Zvisinei, paaiva muchipatara, Anna akaramba kushanda rimwe bhuku nezvomutemo mhuri.

Wepfungwa Anna Freud, mabasa izvo zvakakodzera pamutemo, akafa October 8, 1982 Harina yakatsaurirwa makore anopfuura 60 kwesainzi uye psychoanalytic tsika. Panguva ino, Anna akabudisa dzakawanda nyaya, hurukuro uye mishumo dziri mavhoriyumu gumi mabhuku akawanda yake.