VokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia: Asi, kurwisana nhoroondo, zvinonakidza zvinhu uye zvinoitwa hunhu

Zvakaoma kutenda, asi pakanga pasina zvinoshamisa kusiyana Balkan Slavs. Kutozosvikira XIX remakore, zvikuru zvakanakanaka vanhu chaiwo vokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia. Musiyano uchiripo, asi chete rechitendero! VokuCroatia vaitungamirirwa amunyengedze Italy, Austria, panguva yeMiddle Ages. Misha Croatian wokutanga akaonekwa nharaunda kuMediterranean VII remakore.

Zviitiko izvi zvinobatana pamwe kutsvaka ruponeso necheSalvic amarudzi vaAvar, vokuGermany uye Huns, vakapararira munyika. Vazhinji vose Slavs tenzi akasarudzwa nhasi muZagreb pamwe dzakapoteredza nenharaunda dzaro. Zvisinei, kuwana kune vachibudirira nyika pamhenderekedzo, ari pasi perairo vaRoma, havana kubudirira. Ipapo Slavs akasika akawanda zvionera zvemisoro.

Croatia sechikamu Hungary

Pedyo X centennial vokuCroatia wechi kubatsirwa Byzantine Empire, vakaunganidza rebei simba kuumba cohesive mamiriro. Kunyange nhasi Croatian vanhu vanoda kuisa pfungwa chiKristu ake. The kwokutanga Nguva vosimba hazvina kutora nguva refu kusvikira munyika kusiyana musava ngozi kubatana yenyika. Ipapo anokudzwa Commonwealth muna 1102 vaiziva zvavo Changamire Kalman I, mambo Hungary. Somugumisiro, Croatia aiva chikamu choUmambo Hungary. Mapato ari muhurumende vabvumirana kuti Kalman kusiya kuchinja kuti yaiona uye enyika chivako, revatongi neropafadzo.

Kokumanikidza Hungarian umambo

Kuva pasi kudzorwa Hungary, Croatia aifanira kuudza yakawanda inorema nhoroondo kuchinja umambo uhwu. Pasina mubvunzo, rinonyatsooneka zvakakanganiswa yokurwiswa kuvaOttoman. Nokuti kuti pakatanga kuramba akatamira kuchamhembe, hurumende muHungary muna 1553 paramilitary pamuganhu nzvimbo Slovenia, Croatia. Tya mamiriro hondo kwemakore 25. Panguva ino, vakawanda vaigara vakatizira kundima dzakachengeteka.

Zvisinei, mashoko Turkish hondo vachitungamirirwa hweOttoman Sultan Suleiman ari Zvikuru dzakapasanura napakati mupomerwi. Uyezve, hondo akakwanisa kusvika pamagedhi kuVienna asi guta akakundikana pachake. Muna 1593 Hondo Sisak akamanikidza kuvaOttoman kusiya akakunda nyika Croatian. In yavo vakanga chete nharaunda Bosnian.

Kubatana uye kukakavadzana maviri necheSalvic avanhu

Vachikurudzirwa nokuda Austrians uye Hungarians, vokuCroatia Vasingazvioni varasikirwa zvitupa. Zvisinei, pfungwa nevakawanda kuzvidzwa nokuda Turkish nechisimba vakaedzwa panguva, uye vokuCroatia, uye vokuSerbia. Asi pane chimwe chete chinhu - kuenderana tsika. Zvisinei, kunzwa kuvenga uyo akabvuta chigaro akanga akasimba zvikuru kupfuura vasingakoshi kusiyana netsika. Mienzaniso vachirwa kubatana Croat uye wokuSerbia vapanduki havangaverengwi! Pamwe chete akarwa inorwadza hweOttoman occupiers, uyewo kanenge oprotivevshimi Habsburgs.

Muna 1918 makanga mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka - pokuwa hweAustria-Hungary. chiitiko kare zvaiita kuti patsanura kumaodzanyemba nyika. Saka yakaumbwa rimwe umambo Yugoslavia. Pfungwa, makatodzinga vokuTurkey uye paumbwe imwe yoga umambo akanga zvakatowanda kuunza pamwe chete necheSalvic avanhu. Asi zvakaitika mumwe nzira kumativi ...

Mhaka yokutanga kunetsana

The watsemuka kuti makwikwi okutanga yakabuda panopera hondo yechipiri Russian-wokuTurkey. Panguva iyoyo akatanga nyaya yokurwisana vokuSerbia uye vokuCroatia vechokwadi! Kudiwa rokuvakazve muBalkans akava vachimuvenga zvokutoda kumuponda nanhasi ruvengo.

Kutaura zvazviri, kunyange varipo nokukurumidza kuwana kuzivikanwa, vaviri kundorwa kuerera. Serbian pfungwa akaisa mberi pfungwa "Yugoslavia Great". Uyezve, chirongwa centre inofanira kuumbwa kunyatsoreva muSerbia. The kwomusikirwo mashoko aya chaiva chidzoke ari nationalist pepanhau "dzokuSerbia zita" rakanyorwa kumhanya ruoko, Ante Starcevic.

Pasina mubvunzo, zviitiko izvi zviri vakashanduka kare. Zvisinei, nhasi pane sezvisingakundiki chipingamupinyi risingagoni kugadzirisa pachavo vokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia. Kusiyana maviri pamapatya vanhu akavhiringika pachena kunyange kunzwisisa mubvunzo rinokosha kwavari. Kana muenzi dzokuSerbia ndouya unofudza boka, nokuti vokuCroatia - munhu unofudza boka.

Baba Croatian rudzi

Ante Starcevic pakutanga akapa pfungwa yokuti vokuCroatia havasi Slavs! Vanotaura vanoti zvizvarwa eGermany rwakakurumidza Slav, nokuti nenzira iyi vanoda nani kushandisa Balkan varanda. Chokwadi zvinotyisa ndyaringo wematambudziko! "Baba Croatian dzorudzi" mai rakanga Orthodox, uye baba vake - muRoma Catholic.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti vabereki vaiva vokuSerbia, mwanakomana yakava Pfungwa mutungamiri Croatia vakanga varongedzwa pfungwa yaiurayiwa vanhu vokuSerbia munyika yavo. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti shamwari yake yepedyo aiva muJudha Iosif Frank. Kunyange zvazvo Ante Starcevic aiva rakadzika ukozoro uye norudzi urwu. sezvo Joseph pachake akava nationalist vokuCroatia kushandisa yeRoma.

Sezvaunogona kuona, munyori yakatanga zvokungofungidzira mukomana pakunogumira. Sad nyaya iyi chete. Delusional kuonekana Starcevic akapindura mumwoyo voujaya Croatian. Somugumisiro, kuDharimatiya, muSlavonia pakutanga remakore yakatsvairwa akatevedzana dzokuSerbia pogroms. Panguva iyoyo, hapana kunyange vaifunga raisazouya, kuti vokuCroatia - iri artificially anotendeuka vokuSerbia!

Somuenzaniso, pasi utungamiriri "baba rudzi" kubvira 1 kusvika 3 September 1902, pamwe chete neshamwari yake Frank vokuCroatia muna Karlovac, Slavonski Brod, Zagreb aparadza dzokuSerbia zvitoro uye okudhindira. Ivo nechisimba imba kukokwa, kuraswa zvinhu zvavo, kurohwa.

Kuputsika nyika yakabatana umambo

Mumwe mugumisiro of World War First aiva chidzoke youmambo yakabatana. Vakawanda nhoroondo uchapupu hunoratidza kunobatanidza vanhu vokuSerbia kune chisimba kuramba mukati umambo vokuSlovenia uye vokuCroatia.

Upfumi muSlovenia, Croatia yaiva dzakabudirira. Saka ivo, akavapindurawo, akabvunza mubvunzo wakanaka. Nei zvichikosha kuti zvokudya varombo Metropolis? Where nani kuumba ravo zvionera mamiriro, vachifara nokusingaperi pashure. Uyezve, mumwe Serbian Orthodox Slavs vagara uye chicharamba mutorwa!

Croatian kuurayiwa

Kuvapo kwoumambo Yugoslavia haana kugara kwenguva refu - the Second World War. Muna 1941, 6 April ndege German vakarwisa Belgrade. Pashure pemazuva maviri chete uto reNazi rainge ratokunda ndima. Munguva yehondo, izvozvo kuzonzi hwokunyanyisa kukurumbira sangano Ustasha Ante Pavelic. Croatia akava mari German.

MuBelgrade dzekare vanoti nokukosha nhamba Ustashe akafa - 800 zviuru vechiGypsy, vaJudha uye vokuSerbia .. vanhu 400 chete akakwanisa kutiza kuSerbia. Pachavo vokuCroatia nhamba iyi hazvitadzise, asi vanoti kuti vakawanda vavo - the guerrillas vakaurawa pfuti mumaoko avo. The vokuSerbia, akavapindurawo, nechokwadi kuti 90% yevanhu vakaurayiwa - zvavo.

Kana nzvimbo mukana nhasi uchava pamusoro wokuSerbia ivhu, zvinokwanisika kuti varidzi kucharatidza akavimbika kufarira kuti mushanyi. The Croatian divi rine - pamusoro zvinopesana! Kunyange pasina yainetsa inodiwa Asian, magedhi chero zvisiri pamutemo chitarisiko kwavo pachavo nzvimbo kunonzwisiswa somunhu nokuratidzwa kutsvinyirwa. Mashoko aya, unogona kufungidzira kuti vokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia zvakajeka. Features vatambi zvinonyanya kutaurwa nemafungiro marudzi maviri.

VaNazi uye Vakaurawa

Pashure pehondo, Yugoslavia aiva pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu USSR. The itsva Hurumende yakanga inotungamirwa Josip Broz Tito, uyo akatonga yedare chibhakera kusvikira parufu rwake. Muchiitiko chino, Tito haana kutora mazano shamwari yake yepedyo Moshe Pyade, nokungwaririra nokusanganisa runodiwa reSlovenia uye Croatia pamwe vanhu vokuSerbia. Pashure 1980, nokuda enyika uye miganhu kurwisana muYugoslavia vakatanga zvishoma nezvishoma akatsemura, izvo akatambura kupfuura vokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia. Kusiyana maviri marudzi kamwe pamapatya zvakare vakaburuka vasingawirirani ruvengo.

Murwire federalism vokuCroatia vachiri pasi Habsburgs aisada kuti ajairane vokuSerbia. VokuCroatia haana kuda kubvuma kuti chaizvo kuberekwa Southern necheSalvic mamiriro vanosungirwa chete kutambura uye muchiuto kukunda vokuSerbia. The vokuSerbia, akavapindurawo, havana kuenda kutyora nevaya chete achangobva akaita ake yeAustria yunifomu. Uyezve, zvakasimba, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange utsinye kurwa kurutivi Austria, kuti vokuCroatia kumbobvira akayambukira Serbian divi. Kusiyana Slovaks, Czechs.

Hondo pamba

Gare gare, muna mangwanani 1990, paiva pokuwa USSR, panguva yakavatevera yokupedzisira paradzanisa Yugoslavia. Somugumisiro, Croatia akazivisa rusununguko, vasingadiwi kubva munyika. Zvisinei, vokuSerbia muCroatia pachavo vakakonzera Inter-miganhu kusawirirana mukati munyika. Pashure pfupi, izvi zvakaita kuti hondo yevagari utsinye. Serbian uye reYugoslavia Army nechisimba munharaunda yeCroatia, Dubrovnik uye Vukovar akarikunda.

Kunyange zvakadaro, tinoedza chinangwa kutarisa yatanga makakatanwa, pasina musiyano pakati "vakasiya" uye "kodzero". Croatia uye Serbia. Ndoupi musiyano? Kana isu nezvazvo vavariro dzechitendero, zvinokuchengetedzai kutaura kuti vamwe - vaKaturike uye nevamwe - Orthodox. Zvisinei, kuti ndiwo mugove interchurch kusawirirana vane chinangwa chikuru chiri kuvinga kubudirira masangano. Saka, hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti vokuSerbia Croatian pakutanga zviviri pamapatya marudzi kuti gomba yose XX remakore, vavengi vavo zvakafanana.

Shoko rokuti "Hondo Yenyika II" muCroatia

In Croat hondo inonzi World. Mukuwedzera, vari chaizvo kugumbuka kana mumwe aizotumidza izvozvo zvakasiyana. Against ichi kumashure, kwete saka kare I akaputsa kunyange yemarudzi wokupomera pamwe Switzerland. Nyika kunorambidzwa kupinda ndima yayo kuna Croatian muimbi Marko Perkovic Thompson. Zvainzi mabasa ose Marco Kindle vendudzi, ruvengo zvitendero.

Apo Swiss kutsarukana kushandiswa chinyorwa inonzi "Civil War", kuti vakaita vakanyorerana kakawanda nemanzwiro ari Croatian Ministry. Achipindura, mukuru Croatian divi vakatuma Kutsutsumwa tsamba circumvention kuti sachigaro wayo Stepana Mesicha. Sezvingatarisirwa, zvakadai chiito aita wakarurama nokutsamwa. Mukuwedzera, purezidhendi haana kufanana kuti Croatian machinda vakarwira unovengwa Thompson, ndiani chaizvo kakawanda kuonekwa zvichikuchidzira kunetsana. Zvisinei, kana totaura chaiyo mashoko vamwe, unogona maziso ako.

Muvambi yehondo itsva - uto reYugoslavia

Pasina mubvunzo, hondo muzvinhu zvakawanda vehurumende. Chokutanga, tangai kuisa zvakawanda yakavapo Yugoslavia rakabatana internecine nokurwisana. Uyezve, vokuSerbia Makamukira Croatian utungamiri rinoratidza wenyika ino.

Chechipiri, hondo nokuti Croatian kuzvionera akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze chete kekutanga. Apo Croatia akawana dzakawanda mamiriro rusununguko, hondo ichiri mberi. Zvisinei, nguva ino yaiva mubvunzo resumption yeCroatia kuti miganhu kubatana. Pamusoro peizvi zvose, hondo yaiva pachena rechitendero yokureva. Zvisinei, hapana nyaya iyi mumwe asi kwete kupa hondo runhare vehurumende, raisanganisira chete vokuCroatia uye vokuSerbia?

History, sezvo tichiziva, kunobva vachingoshandisa yokugara! Uye vanoti Southern People Uto (JNA) akabata basa iri kurwisa wechokwadi Croatia. Uyezve, Croatia achiri chikamu Yugoslavia, izvo zviri pamutemo akatonga maviri Croatian mutungamiri - President Stjepan Mesic, pamwechete Prime Minister Ante Markovic. Pakazosvika mavambo inogumbura kuzorwa Vukovar, uto reYugoslavia akanga atova pamurairo mukati munharaunda Croatia. Naizvozvo, kuti chiitiko haagoni kunzi guta rapindwa nechisimba kubva kunze kurwisa.

Zvisinei, kuti Croatian divi ndisingadi kubvuma kuti JNA haana raimiririra zvido Serbia. Risati kurwiswa Vukovar yakaitika August 25, 1991, JNA airidza basa anopikisa. Mune ramangwana, uto reYugoslavia yaimirirwa bedzi vake vehondo, uyewo chikamu chiduku yeutongi hurumende.

kana Croatia aiva nemhosva?

Kunyange pashure kushaya vokuYugoslavia mauto kubva Eastern muSlavonia, Baranja uye Western Srijem JNA vachiri akaramba kurwisa dzavo Croatia. Zvikurukuru muna Dubrovnik. Uye akazivisa utsinye kunoratidzwa Bosnia, Herzegovina, Montenegro. Zvinokoshawo kuziva kuti kurwisa vakanga wakapindwa Bosnian vokuSerbia. Croatia, akavapindurawo, uyewo Akarwawo Army pamusoro Republika Srpska pamusoro munharaunda Herzegovina uye Bosnia.

Maererano Masvomhu nenyanzvi, pamusoro muBalkan Peninsula, vakaurayiwa muhondo, iyo yakatora makore mana, akanga asina asingasviki zviuru 20. Man. Nokuda kusimudzira UN pamwe nemamwe masangano dzakawanda muna 1995 hondo Croatia rakaguma. Nhasi, kukurukurirana zvose vari kuderedzwa kuti kudzoka vapoteri, izvo, akavapindurawo, zvakawanda nezvekuva kudzoka pane kuenda kuita.

Pasina mubvunzo, Croatia-Serbia ukama zvevakomana remuSamoa kure risina makore. A itirana kwemotokari kuitika nhasi. Kunyanya avo munzvimbo zvinonyanya sei ruvengo. Zvisinei, rwara demonization pakati Croatian vanhu, vachipedza zvose 90 uye rambai vamwe zvino, asingadi nezvatakarerekera chokwadi!