Uropi mamiriro: yacho cerebellum, basa

Yakaitwa tinoziva kuti uropi rine madhipatimendi dzakadai oblong, svikiro, zvenguva, uye vokupedzisira kuguma uropi. Uyewo hindbrain iri rakamuka-kamuka pamusoro pons uye cerebellum, marongerwo uye mashandiro anoita izvo chatichakurukura munyaya ino.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti cerebellum iri oga hemispheres mbiri, zvenguva akatsaurwa uye Yaunoti honye hukawanika kuparadzaniswa dzakafanana grooves pakati vari gyrus, pepasi mazana masere namakumi mashanu paupamhi masendimita. convolutions mapoka vanoumba akafukidza cerebellum, mihoronga ake zvikukutu uye kubva honye kusvika hemisphere.

Mumwe gyrus chinomirira nhete paiva chena nyaya zvemapuranga ndachena (nemakwati) kupinda imwe millimeter gobvu. The cerebellum, izvo kwakabatana mashandiro ayo mamiriro, ane yakaderera gumbo (kutungamirirwa kuti ari medulla oblongata), svikiro (akatumira zambuko) uye yokumusoro (akatumira quadrigemina). Zvinonyatsozivikanwa chokuita nedzimwe madhipatimendi dzose nechepakati tsinga pamwe vakawanda makwara kuti mubvise nomunhu kubva tsandanyama, mapfupa, tsinga cortex nemarunda, kuti cerebellum uyewo anotumira nomunhu kuburikidza migero izvi mune mamwe madhipatimendi National Assembly. Saka, chikamu ichi uropi rinobatanidzwa mutemo gwenya basa, kuita sangano yakarurama, kumeso uye maererano.

Pazvese, sezvo mutumbi, iyo rwuripowo inofamba kudzora hurongwa, kuti cerebellum anoita zvinotevera mabasa:

1) murau pamusoro tsandanyama matauriro, uye muviri mamiriro;

2) Kufambisa wavapenyu kufamba.

3) Kufambisa chinangwa masangano;

Mabasa ose aya zvakanaka akagadziriswa pasi kupatsanura pakati cerebellum madhipatimendi. Ngatimboongororai zvakadzama chii mabasa anoitwa pasi cerebellum, kunyanya nomumwe madhipatimendi ayo.

Honye chokuita kudzora muviri pachiyero, matauriro uye mamiriro. Zviri mapazi ichi anogamuchira ruzivo pamusoro chinzvimbo uye nzvimbo locomotor midziyo, uye ipapo, namarudzi processing zvimwe mirayiro vanotumirwa kune ari vestibular midziyo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nokubviswa cerebellar vermis kunotungamirira vawedzere extensor tonus kuri akaona kusaenzana, Mubatanidzwa, muzinda giravhiti, ipapo ataxia.

Middle hofisi ndiye anokonzera sangano uchiziva vavo kururamiswa, uyewo pakusarudza mamiriro yakanakisisa kuita sangano. kukundwa ake kunotungamirira hypermetric, disequilibrium.

Cerebellar hemispheres vane basa panowanikwa nokukurumidza zvikuru zvachose akatungamirira kufamba, izvo muka pasina inoyerera mashoko pamusoro musana. kufamba izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mutambo kana kuridza chiridzwa. Maronda uropi munzvimbo hunokonzera muzvidimbu ataxia, tremor, promahivaniya, hypotonia uye tsandanyama megalografiyu.

Munguva ichangopfuura, masayendisiti akanga aratidza kuti cerebellum uye mamwe mashandiro ane Somuenzaniso, zviri pamwero wakati mhosva functionality zvomukati uye munyama. Kana kubvisa cerebellum, ichava kutyora mwoyo uye ropa midziyo, kufema hurongwa, nemudumbu.

Saka, zvakare, tinoona kuti cerebellum, izvo kuona kushanda uye hunhu chirwere kana kushungurudzwa munyaya mutemo zvomukati. kukundwa ake kunokonzera zvakadai zviratidzo huru sezvo asthenia (tsandanyama simba), astasia (kuzunungusa kwebasa tsandanyama) uye atony (ungaderedza tsandanyama inzwi). Chinhu zvikuru zvakakurumbira kuchengeta kukura dysmetria - nokurasikirwa zvakarurama rwokufamba, ataxia - gait deformation, adiadohokineza - kurasikirwa kugona kuita kufamba sequences.

Saka cerebellum anoita nhamba mitambo kuti tibu- chakaipa nokushanda kwenhengo nhengo. Kuwedzera kufambisa nemafambiro, uye anoita kushanda zvose zvomukati uye hurongwa.