Troubadour - ichi ... Serenade Troubadour

Troubadour - nomuridzi wembira, kana mudetembi-muimbi, aigara uye aishanda pane imwe nguva mune imwe nzvimbo. More kunyanya - muna Provence XI-XII emakore. Izwi iri rinobva pachiito trobar, iro rinoshandurwa kubva Provencal (kana Occitan) rinoreva "kunyora."

kuti nzvimbo yechizvarirwo of troubadours

Provence (nhoroondo nharaunda yaiva kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kunyika) ndiyo paucheche tsika French uyewo okugadzira zvinhu zviri varidzi vemitengeramwa kuMiddle Ages Vakakura akateya nheyo mutauro chaiko rokutanga - Romanesque. Zvinogona vakati troubadour - zvakananga aizotangira vose vadetembi ose Catalonia uye Northern Italy, uyewo minnesingers vachikudza rudo trouveres, Ages paakaita vadetembi, uye Dante, uye vose vakanga vamutevera. Mugore XI-XII emakore zvakanga rwakaona guru zvoupfumi Provence, uye pashure pake - netsika nerumutsiriro. Pane kuti dare nokuzvibata kuti chivalry inobva vanokwanisa kuzvibata munharaunda, kuti zvinonakidza uye kuhwina mwoyo vakadzi akanaka chinokosha, ipapo vanonamata vadikamwa sezvo mufananidzo uye nokuita anokudzwa nemabasa uye zvakapembererwa nokuda kwayo. Provencal nhetembo, kushumira ane haungambofari mureza ose ndudzi, vakaimba angarumbidzwa Knights, uyo anogona kushanda mukadzi akanaka.

Nokuberekwa kuitika idzva mabhuku

In uone Pfungwa yacho troubadour - mudetembi courtly, ane mabasa predominated dzeboka vakadzi. Authors uye vatambi mabasa vaiona pachavo varanda uye vatongi vari pasi vakadzi akamurumbidza kwamachinda, runako, Sophistication, uye vamwe zvakanaka, uyewo yezvakaitwa muzita iri Knights mwoyo mambokadzi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, mukusiyana kune umhare yakakura mbiri heroism vanhu, troubadour nhetembo anoratidza kukura munhu kuziva. Dzinenge vatambi, akadai Tristan kana kuti Knights of Round Table, kuita zviito zvakananga muzita kwevakadzi kufarira. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti troubadour wokutanga, unonzi, Guillaume aiva IX, Duke pamusoro Aquitania. Panyaya iyi, kuti Troubadour - a zvakakodzera remadunhu- matarenda uye vakabudirira nyanduri, uyo akapa riwedzere kuti mabhuku ose French.

Vamiririri courtly mabhuku

Wokutanga nyanduri-vaimbi vane Provence vari Gocelmo Fedi, Peire Vidal, Giraut of Bornelh, Giraut Riker nevamwe. Sezvineiwo, troubadours vakadzi. Tinoziva mazita 17. Inonyanya kufarirwa vavo - Beatrice of Dia. Uyezve, muna XII remakore, kudzora feuds akawanda zvikuru, akanga dzinotungamirirwa calculators, vaichengetedza of Arts, vakayambuka mumaoko vakadzi. Sezvingatarisirwa, ari County pakati Carcassonne, ari Duchy pakati Aquitania, muna Nimes, Narbonne uye Bezerskom vikonstvah unyanzvi uye mabhuku rakawedzera panguva yaitonga wemadzimai zvizere maruva. Mumwe yakakurumbira mabasa courtly mabhuku anonzi "Lancelot" Chrétien of Troyes. A nganonyorwa mundima inorumbidza rudo Queen Dzhinerve, mudzimai kunozivikanwa Arthur, uye mabasa nokuda kwayo, vakaita rimwe yakakurumbira Knights of Round Table Lancelot.

Siyana zviri okugadzira zvinhu troubadours

Nomuridzi wembira aigona kuva munhu anokwanisa anyore chine chokuita nezvakasikwa uye ane chiridzwa. Aifanira kuziva mashoko ose, kunyanya dare, uye kuti nounyanzvi usingaoneki kumeso. Zvikurukuru, troubadours vakaimba rudo, chitubu, mufaro muupenyu. Uye kunyange zvazvo Albigensian Hondo (1209-1229 makore nhevedzano mishandirapamwe vakaedza kubvisa manyepo) kurega zvachose kuvapo kwavo, izvi vaimbi, vananyanduri uye songwriters zvakasiya nhaka huru tsika uye rakaisvonaka ndangariro pachake. To okugadzira zvinhu zvavo, mwoto anokuda usingadzimwi, uye munguva yedu. The zita muimbi uye nyanduri "troubadour" sezvine zvakanaka, asi mumazuva iwayo kwaiva mazita mazhinji: trouveres, nomuridzi wembira, mmusik uye minnesinger. By Genre, kunyanya akaremekedza troubadours vari zvikurukuru canzone uye Sirvent, achichema uye Albian pastorela, tensona ballad. izvi zvose zvakasiyana chimiro uye dingindira nziyo, asi ivo vakabatanidzwa akanaka chimiro uye senhetembo fanira kururama. The Manyoro hwakawanda huripo, pane kuti 500 mazita troubadours, 40 iyo anozivikanwa mafeni uye connoisseurs wenhetembo. Kubva XIV remakore, pfungwa "troubadour" akanga akanganwa, asi Romantic vadetembi mubasa rake aikwezva nhaka Ages varidzi vemitengeramwa, uye kufarira pavo rakaputika idzva simba. Ndiyo huru wenziyo Italian ainzi mumwe ounyanzvi ake shoko iri.

Mukuru dhanzi

"Il Trovatore" Dzhuzeppe Verdi dhanzi kukuru, yakanyorwa kuti libretto kubudikidza Salvatore Cammarano shamwari yake uye akaona chiedza muna 1853, pashure pokufa librettist yazova rimwe mabasa pakukura George. Verdi. Kunyange zvazvo zviitiko zvinotsanangurwa mariri, ndezvaJehovha XV remakore, dare nyanduri-muimbi, Manrico, ari protagonist mabasa anonzi troubadour. basa iri raiva shasha munyori uri ndima nevaya operas ake se "Rigoletto" uye "La Traviata." Munyori saka akakunda pfungwa yacho kutamba A. G. Guteresa, munhu Spanish munyori wemitambo, kuti zvose mimhanzi kuti asingafi dhanzi akanyora kwamazuva 29. "Troubadour" - dhanzi, izvo premiered muRoma musi January 19, 1853, pakarepo akava akakurumbira zvikuru, uye vakakunda vanenge vose Europe. mumhanzi Anoshamisa, Solos makuru rikavadzikatira famously vakamonyanisa chivande pebindu, yakanga akapindwa vechiGypsy kuba vana Count wacho, rudo pakati hama mbiri, mumwe mukadzi, kuti duel pakati pavo, rufu anenge ose vanotaurwa. Paiva yakawanda nyaya nguva dzose. Usingafi dhanzi anoita mumhanzi chete ungaenzaniswa Dzhuzeppe Verdi.

The kumutsidzirwa kufarira nzira munguva Soviet

In nyika yedu, zita "troubadour" akakudzwa yakakurumbira katuni, Part 1 iyo yakabudiswa muna 1969, uye 2nd - muna 1973. Troubadour of "Valenza Town Musicians" yava imwe yakakurumbira katuni vatambi. Tichitarisa Kubudirira mugove wokutanga, rakafuridzirwa rengano pakati Brothers Grimm, kwakaita kuti vanyori Yuri Entin, Vasily Livanov, munyori Gennady Gladkov kusvika pakasikwa arambe, yainzi "In makwara Valenza Town Musicians". Kunyange zvazvo chechipiri chaiva nechokuita zvikuru nyaya German, zvikazooneka zvemafaro dzinonakidza uye muduku kufarira vanoiona Soviet kupfuura kutanga.

Zvakafanana kutaurwa: Princess uye Troubadour, katsi uye imbwa, mbongoro uye jongwe - mberi ushingi hwavo. The pachena kushandisa zvikamu zviviri ndiyo mumhanzi.

Wonderful Troubadour Soviet

zvizvarwa zvakawanda akakurira nziyo idzi, vari kusimba dzakakurumbira uye kucherechedzwa. Serenade Troubadour "The ukurire yendarama zuva ..." kuenderera katuni, izere Muslim Magomayev akava chiridzwa rounyanzvi. Mukuwedzera, muimbi muchikamu ichi zvaiita Pazvinhu mutikitivha uye atamansha. Nziyo dzavo aizivawo uye vakadiwa vateereri. Zvichida nemhaka katuni, ndiwo inonyanyoshandiswa akaita kubva repertoire zvinhu muimbi zvinoshamisa ane kana rwiyo - the putsa corners. Serenade Troubadour, pamwe "Melody", "muchato", "Nocturne", vakapinda chefuma National pechikuva. Rwiyo "The ukurire yendarama zuva ..." vakauya M. Magomayev award "Best firimu" 2008.