Transceiver yemwenje nemaoko

Transceiver yemwenje chinhu chakagadzirirwa kutumira zviratidzo zveimwe nguva inowanzoitika. Sezvo mutemo, unoshandiswa sewakagamuchira. Chinhu chinokosha chemukati wekutengesa chinonzi chine transformer, chinosangana ne inductor. Ichokwadi chechigadziridzo chemarambi ndiko kugadzikana kwekutumira kwechiratidzo chepasi-pasi.

Mukuwedzera, ivo vanosiyaniswa nekuvapo kwe-capacitors ane simba uye zvinopikisa. Vatongi vari mujecha vakaiswa zvakasiyana zvikuru. Kuti kubvisa kupindira kwakasiyana-siyana muhutano, mafiritsi e-electromechanical anoshandiswa. Kusvikira zuva ranhasi, vazhinji vanofarira kuisa vatoriki vemaodzanyemba mashomanana pa 50 watts.

Short wave transceivers (HF)

Kuti uite mutori weHF iwe pachako, zvakakosha kushandisa pasi simba shanduko. Mukuwedzera, kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa nokuda kwemasimba. Sezvo mutemo, munyaya iyi kubata kwechiratidzo kunowedzera zvakanyanya. Kuti zvikwanise kugadzirisa kupindira, chigadzirwa chacho chakashongedzerwa ne zener diodes. Kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji mabhuku ekutengesa emhando iyi anoshandiswa mukutengesa kwefoni. Vamwe vanoita transceiver HF nemaoko avo (tube), vachishandisa inductor, iyo inofanira kumira zvakakwana 9 Ohm. Chigadzirwa chacho chinongororwa chechikamu chekutanga. Muchiitiko ichi, vatauriri vanofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yakakwirira.

Antenna uye unit for transceiver KV

Iyo antenna yemotokisi inogadzirwa nekubatsira kwevatungamiri vakasiyana-siyana. Mukuwedzera, rimwe diode rinodiwa. Inyanzvi yeantenna inoshandiswa pamushambadziri ane simba. Imwe chipikicha inoda chinhu chakaita shanduko yemutsanga. Zvakakosha kutumira chiratidzo kune coil yakabuda ye inductor.

Kuti uite simba rekugadziriswa kwemukana wekutengesa nemaoko ako, iwe unoda huwandu hwemhepo yakakura inoshandiswa pairi nemuvhenganisi. Mukuwedzera, iyo nyanzvi dzinoshandisa capacitors yemhando dzakasiyana siyana. Iyo yakawanda inotyisa yemutambo inofanira kunge iri pamwero we50 V. Kuwandisa kwemazuva ano munyaya ino hakudari 60 Hz. Kugadzirisa matambudziko nekushungurudzika kwemagetsi, shanduro dzakashandiswa dzinoshandiswa. Muchigadzirwa iyo yakagadziridzwa kuti iwirire mhepo.

Ultrasound wave device (VHF)

Kuita mutoriki weVHF kwakaoma zvikuru. Muchiitiko ichi, dambudziko riri kuwana inductor yakarurama . Inosungirwa kushanda pamarin'i e-ferrite. Condensers inonyatsoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana. Kuti uchinje chikamu, chete vatongi vanoshandiswa. Kushandiswa kwema multichannel kugadziriswa kwevatapukisi hazvibvumirwi. Chokes muhurongwa inotarisirwa nepamusoro-soro, uye kuwedzera kukarurama kwechigadzirwa uchishandisa zener diodes. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa mumatokisikiki mushure mokushandura. Kuti kudzivirira kushanduka kubva pakupera, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinokurudzira soldering electromechanical filters.

Mifananidzo yemafirimu emakore akawanda (DV)

Kuita nguva yakareba-wave tube transceivers nemaoko ega inobvira chete nekubatanidzwa kwemasimba ane simba. Mutungamiri munyaya iyi anofanira kunge akagadzirirwa nzira sita. Chikamu chemugashiri chinoshandiswa kuburikidza ne modulator, iyo inoshanda paanowanzoita 50 Hz. Kuti kuderedza kupindira pamutsara, zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuwedzera kwekutengesa kwechiratidzo mune vamwe kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemasimba. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, capacitive capacitors inofanira kutarisirwa. Shanduko muhutano zvakakosha kuisa seri kwe transformer. Zvose izvi zvichavandudza kusarurama kwechigadzirwa.

Zvigadzirwa zvezvipfeko zvepakati wave (CB)

Zvakanyanya kuoma kuita svikiro wave tube transceivers pachako. Izvi zvinoshandisa zviratidzo zve LED. Mwenje mumutambo akaiswa muzvikamu zviviri. I-cathodes munyaya iyi yakakosha kugadzirisa zvakananga kuburikidza nema capacitors. Gadzirisa dambudziko racho nekuwedzera kwechimiro kuburikidza nekushandisa imwezve yezvidziviriri pane zvakabuda.

Rimwe rinoshandiswa rinoshandiswa kupfupika dunhu racho. Antenna ku chip nguva dzose inogadziriswa kuburikidza ne cathode, uye simba rechigadziriswa rinosarudzwa kuburikidza nemhepo mu transformer. Kazhinji kacho, vatoriki vemutambo uyu vanogona kushandiswa pamapurisa. Ikoko, kutonga kunoitwa kuburikidza nejeri kana kure.

Antenna uye unit for CB transceiver

Ita antenna yemutambo uyu wemutopi, uchishandisa coil yakakurumbira. Mhepo inobva kunze kwayo inofanira kunge yakabatanidzwa kune yakagadzirisa pane zvakabuda. Vadzidzisi vari munyaya ino vanofanira kushandiswa kudiodhi. Kuzvitenga muchitoro hazvizove zvakaoma.

Kuita bhenekeri yemutauro uyu, mutambo unoshandiswa, pamwe chete neA 50 V oscillator. Vashanduri muhurongwa vanoshandiswa chete kumunda. Chimwe chinokanganisa mumutambo chinodikanwa kuti uwedzere kudunhu. Pass capacitors muzvikwata zvemhando iyi zvinoshandiswa chaizvo zvishoma.

Kugadziriswa kweVHF-1 transceiver

Uyu mutapukiki anogona kugadzirwa nemwenje pachavo achishandisa 60 V transformer. Ma LED ari mudunhu anoshandiswa kuitira chinangwa chechikamu. Modulators mumutambo iyi yakaiswa zvakasiyana zvikuru. High voltage transceiver inochengetedzwa nekuda kwekusimudzira simba. Pakupedzisira, kushorwa kwemukati wekutengesa kunofanira kuonekwa kune 80 ohms.

Kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti chigadzirwa chacho chabudirira kubudirira pakugadzirisa, zvakakosha kunyatsogadzirisa chinzvimbo chezvinhu zvose zvinoenderera mberi. Sezvo mutemo, zvinhu zvinopfigwa zvinowanikwa munzvimbo yakakwirira. Muchiitiko ichi, kurasikirwa kwekupisa kunenge kusina kukwana. Ikopi inoputirwa pakupedzisira. Diodhi pane zvigetsi muhutano zvinoongororwa tisati tachinja. Kana kushamwaridzana kwavo kwakashata, ipapo kutsetserera kwekushanda kunogona kukura zvakanyanya kubva pa40 kusvika ku80 degrees.

Nzira yekuita seiko VHF-2 transceiver?

Kuti ugadzire zvakakwana mutapukiriki nemaoko ako, shanduro inofanira kutorwa pa-60 V. Mutoro mukuru unofanirwa kumira pa5 A. Kuvandudza kunzwisisika kwechigadzirwa, chete zvinoshandiswa kushandiswa zvinoshandiswa. Iko kukwanisa kwee-capacitor kunofanira kuenzana ne 5 pF. Chigadzirwa chacho chinozopedzisira chakanyatsotorwa kuburikidza nechikamu chekutanga. Muchiitiko ichi, kushandiswa kwemagetsi kunotanga kuiswa panzvimbo yepamusoro.

Simba rekushandisa rinofanira kushandiswa painocherechedza maitiro ekuratidzira. Kana muganhu wekuwedzerwa unopfuura 60 Hz, ipapo mazita ekuderedza madonhwe. Izvo zvinoita kuti hurumende inogadziriswa munyaya iyi inogona kuwedzerwa ne-electromagnetic amplifier. Iyo yakaiswa, sekutonga, pedyo ne transformer.

KV mienzaniso nekunonoka kuputika

Hazvisi zvakaoma kupfidza mutapuki weKV iwe pachako. Chokutanga pane zvose, unofanirwa kusarudza shanduko inodikanwa. Sezvo mutemo, kutengeswa kwezvinhu kunoshandiswa kunoshandiswa iyo inogona kukwanisa kutakura mutengo wepamusoro we4 kusvika kune A. A. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo capacitors inosarudzwa maererano nekunzwisisika kwechigadzirwa. Mamiriro ekufambisa mumashambadziri anowanikwa kakawanda. Zvisinei, havasi vasina zvikanganiso. Kazhinji ivo vanobatanidzwa nekanganiso huru pane zvakabuda.

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwekushanda pane kubuda kwekunze. Kuti kugadzirise dambudziko iri, vatengesi vanogona kushandiswa nekunyorera LM4. Kudzidzira kwavo kwakanaka zvakanaka. Modulator for transceivers yerudzi urwu yakakodzera chete maferensi maviri. Kubatanidzwa kwemarambi kunowanikwa zvakakwana kuburikidza nehuro. Kuti zvive nekushandurwa kwechikamu nokukurumidza, vanokurudzira muhurongwa vanongoda chete pakutanga kwekufambira. Kuti uvandudze kugadzirisa kushanda, antenna yakabatana kuburikidza ne cathode.

Multi-channel kugadziriswa kwemukana wekutengesa

Itai mutapukikiki wemagetsi ane maoko nemaoko enyu anongobvira chete nekubatanidzwa kwe-high-voltage transformer. Mutengo mukuru unotarisirwa kuti uomirire kusvika ku 9 A. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo capacitors inoshandiswa chete nekoditi yepamusoro pe8 pF. Kuwedzerwa kunzwisiswa kwechigadziro kusvika ku80 kV kunenge kusisakwanisi, izvi zvinofanira kuverengwa. Modulators mumutambo inoshandiswa kune zvishanu nzira. Kuti uchinje chikamu, zviputi zvePPR kirasi zvinoshandiswa.

Direct Transform SDR Transceiver

Kuti uwedzere transceiver ye SDR noruoko, zvakakosha kushandisa capacitors ine capacitance inopfuura 6 pF. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nehukuru hwekunzwa kwechigadzirwa. Uyezve, izvi zvinogadzirisa zvichange zvichishanda nemaitiro asina kunaka mukati megadziriro.

Kuti uve nehutano hwakanaka hunofambisa, inenge 40 V transformers inotarisirwa.Asi panguva imwe chete, inofanira kumira mutoro we-6. V. Microcircuits, sekutonga, yakagadzirirwa zvikamu zvina. Muterevhiri anoedzwa nokukurumidza kubva pakuwandisa kwema 4 Hz. Kuti urarame nekushungurudzika kwegemikemikisi, varwi vari muchigadzirwa ndevomumunda. Nzira mbiri dzinoenda mumatokisikiti hazviwanzoitiki. Iyo yakawanda inotyisa mune chikamu chechipiri chekutumira inotarisirwa kumira pa 30 V.

Kuti kuwedzere kunzwisiswa kwechigadzirwa, zvinowanzogadziriswa zvinoshandiswa. Vanoshanda mu transceivers pair ne resistors. Kukunda mashoma-frequency oscillations stabilizers anoshandiswa. Munharaunda yeAnode, mwenje inoiswa mumakwikwi kuburikidza nehuro. Pakupedzisira, nzira yekuvhara uye iyo inoratidzira maitiro inotaridzirwa muchigadzirwa. Izvi zvinoitwa pane imwe nhanho zvakasiyana.

Models of transceivers with L2 lamps

Mutorikiriki anonyoresa anoungana pamwe nekubatsirwa neV transformer yaV 65. Maenzaniso nemarambi aya akasiyana pakuti anokwanisa kushanda kwemakore mazhinji. Iko inoshandiswa kutsetsezera yemapiramu kwavari paavhareji inofamba inenge makiromita makumi mana. Mukuwedzera, inofanira kuonekwa kuti haikwanisi kushamwaridzana kune imwe-phase microcircuits. Modulator munyaya iyi zviri nani kuisa pazvikamu zvitatu. Pamusana peizvi, huwandu hwekupararira huchava hushoma.

Uyezve, unokwanisa kubvisa matambudziko nehuipi husina kunaka. Condensers yevatapukisi vakadaro vakasiyana chaizvo. Zvisinei, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, zvakawanda zvinoenderana nesimba rine simba rekupa simba. Kana iyo yakashandiswa ikozvino muchikamu chekutanga ichidarika 3 A, ipapo zvigadziri zvinyorwa zvinofanira kuva 9 pF. Somugumisiro, iwe unogona kutarisira kushanda kwakasimba kwakatumira.

Vanyunyuti vatachiona MC2

Kuti uratidze zvakajeka transceiver iwe nevanorwisa izvi, zvakakosha kusarudza zvakanaka stabilizer. Inosungirirwa mune imwe sarudzo iri pedyo ne transformer. Vanodzivisa vorudzi urwu vanogona kukwanisa kuwandisa mutoro wakakura we-6 A.

Kuenzaniswa nevamwe vatoriki, izvi zvakanyanya. Zvisinei, kubhadhara izvi ndiko kuwedzera kwekunzwa kwechigadzirwa. Somugumisiro, muenzaniso wacho unogona kukundikana nekuwedzera kamwe kamwe kwevhiriji pa transformer. Kuti kuderedza kuparara kwekupisa, chigadzirwa chinoshandisa iyo yose yehutachiona. Dzinofanirwa kuva dziri pamberi pe transformer, kuitira kuti kushorwa mukugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kusadarika 6 ohms. Muchiitiko ichi, chiratidzo chekuparadzira chichava chisina basa.

Single-Band Modulation Device

Mukana wekutengesa anozvibatanidza (mufananidzo unoratidzwa pasi apa) kubva kuV transformer 45 V. Mifananidzo yemhando iyi inonyanya kuwanikwa pamakwikwi efoni. Single-band modulators inonyoresa mukugadzirisa. Kuchinja muchikamu munyaya ino kunoitwa zvakananga kuburikidza nekushandura muchinzvimbo chekudzivirira.

Kudzivirira kusagadzikana munyaya ino hakukudziri kuderedzwa. Somugumisiro, kunzwisisika kwechigadzirwa nguva dzose kunoramba kuchiri. Vashanduri vevadzidzisi vemagadzirirwo akadaro vakakodzera nesimba risina kupfuura makumi mashanu. V. Hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa masimba capacitors muhurongwa nevanyanzvi. Zviri nani zvikuru, kubva pakuona kweanyanzvi, kushandisa maitiro anowanzogadzirwa. Mukana wekutengesa unongoratidzwa chete muchikamu chekupedzisira.

Mutevedzeri wematokisikiki pamusimudziri РР20

Itai mutapukisi nemaoko enyu pachipfuti chemugadziri wechirudzi urwu chingashandisa masasa-effect transistors. Zviratidzo zvinoparidzirwa munyaya ino zvinongotumira shoma-wave chete. Iyo antenna yematokisiki akadaro anowanzobatanidzwa kuburikidza nechokuita. Chiremera chema transformers chinodiwa kuti chimirire pa 55 V. Nokuda kwehutano hwakanaka huno, vashoma-inottors vanoshandiswa vanoshandiswa. Kushanda nema modulator ivo vakanaka.

I microcircuit ye transceiver inonyanya kusarudzwa pamatatu matatu. Nechirudziro chiri pamusoro apa chinoshandiswa zvakanaka. Zvinetso nekunzwisisika kwechigadzirwa hazviwanzoitiki. Izvo zvisingabatsiri zvevatapukisi ava vanogona kutumidzwa nyore nyore kuderera kuparadzanisa coefficient.

Vanyunyuti vane antennas asina kukodzera

Vanyengeri vorudzi urwu vashoma zvikuru nhasi. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehurukuro yakawanda kusvika pasi yakaderera yeiyo chiratidzo. Somugumisiro, kushorwa kwakasimba kwavari dzimwe nguva kunosvika 6 ohms. Nekudaro, mutoro wakakura paunopikisa uri munharaunda ye4 A.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko racho nehuipi husina kunaka, shanduko dzinoshandiswa dzinoshandiswa. Nokudaro, kuchinja kwechikamu kunoitika nokukurumidza zvikuru. Iwe unogona kukwanisa kugadzirisa aya madivayiri ekuraira kure. Ikoko antenna iri pamusoro pekudzorera inosungirirwa nekucherechedza K9. Mukuwedzera, inductor inofanirwa kunyatsofungidzirwa kuburikidza mumutopukisi.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, chigadzirwa chacho chinobudiswa nekutaridza. High-frequency circuits mu-transceivers haisiwowo zvisizvo. Zvinetso nekudengenyeka mumutunhu zvinogadziriswa nenzira yekusimudzira. Inosungirirwa mumutambo nguva dzose pamusoro pe transformer. Ivo vari panguva imwe chete vari kure zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Ichando chekushanda chechigadziro chinofanira kunge chiri ma-45 degrees.

Kana zvisina kudaro, kupisa kwema capacitors hakudzivisiki. Pakupedzisira, izvi zvinotungamirira kukuvara kwavo kwepedyo. Tichifunga nezvezvose zvataurwa pamusoro apa, dzimba dzemukati wekutengesa dzinofanirwa kunge dzakanyatsokonzerwa nemhepo. Mwenje kune chip inowanzosimudzwa kuburikidza nechike. Pakupedzisira, muteri we modulator anofanira kunge akabatanidzwa kune mhepo inobva kunze.