The shongwe Kolchak muna Irkutsk (mufananidzo)

Muna 2004, munyika Russia muna Irkutsk paakagadzwa shongwe Kolchak. Ichi chimwe chezvinhu anokakavara uye nharo manhamba kubvira Civil War munhau yeRussia. Kudivi rimwe, yakakurumbira Admiral uye akaongorora zhinji yakadzika, pane dzimwe - mumwe vatungamiri White sangano, achiri pamutemo vaitirei hondo mhosva. Nokukakavara pamusoro kururama kwemashoko kugadzwa Zvivako anorambira nhasi.

Irkutsk muenzaniso

The shongwe Kolchak akazviratidza Irkutsk muna 130 fung rokuberekwa Russian wengarava wavarwi. A chizvarwa St. Petersburg, rwendo upenyu , Admiral Kolchak kudzidza Irkutsk.

Muna 1920, Kolchak, pamwe nasachigaro yeRussian Government Council of Vashumiri Viktor Pepelyaev akapfurwa. The mutongo vakatapwa kubva mudare. Zvinouraya chirevo yakasainwa neDare Irkutsk Military Revolutionary Committee of Bolsheviks. Maererano zhinji kare, kuti Irkutsk Bolsheviks pavaiita zvakananga zvarayirwa Lenin.

Monument umwe vatungamiri White kufamba chakagadzirwa nenyundo mhangura, nekukwirira Kolchak chidhori iri 4.5 metres. Nechepasi chinhu chesamende nechigadziko. Pairi mufananidzo varwi vaviri vakayambuka maoko avo. Mumwe wavo akanga ari White Guard, mumwe - Dzvuku Army.

Nhasi guta riri shongwe Kolchak chikwereti kutarisirwa ichi kubva yose Russia.

Place Monument

Kusawirirana kana kuisa shongwe, akanga akareba kwazvo. Vakava muzinda Irkutsk. The shongwe Kolchak (kero yacho nzvimbo: Angarsk mumugwagwa, Right Bank dunhu) riri pamusoro chaipo panzvimbo, maererano kare, mashoko, uye akabata kupfura. Ushakovka rwizi runoyerera pedyo. Yakanga iri mvura yaro, uye muviri akakandwa chena Admiral.

Kwete kure shongwe inomira Chiratidzo Church. Kare, raiva chechechi, mumwe mukuru ari yose kweSiberia.

Pazuva pamutemo Huro shongwe pemvura yorwizi akatendera chishongo pakuyeuka Naval wehondo wemariro.

muvezi Fangs

The shongwe Kolchak - basa Russian muvezi Vyacheslav Klykova. A chizvarwa Kursk nharaunda, ari nhengo Union of Artists kubvira 1969. Iye akaratidza basa rake paRussian Museum uye State Tretyakov Gallery.

Ake mabasa dzakakurumbira - chivezwa pakati Mercury pedyo World Trade Center muMoscow, makasimbiswa muna 1982, uye kunyoresa guru Vana Musical Theatre.

Panguva perestroika kufarira dingindira Orthodox uye nyika mashoko. Akasika shongwe yakakurumbira St. rwacho Segiyo pamusoro Radonezh. Panguva Monument raiva dambudziko rakaoma. Gadza izvozvo vakaedza muna 1987, asi ipapo shongwe vakasungwa uye akatorwa pasi nemapurisa perekedza kubva mumusha muguta iri pasi Utatu-rwacho Segiyo Lavra, munzvimbo kwaaigara, St. Segiyo.

Opening ndaronga paya chete pagore, May 29, 1988. Kolchak Monument mumwe okupedzisira mabasa Vyacheslav Klykova. Akafa nemakore 66 muna 2006.

Kolchak pamberi Civil War

Ndezvipi zvikonzero vatsigiri uye vavengi kutungamirira shongwe Admiral Kolchak muna Irkutsk aiva? kusawirirana All dzomuShoko Biography yake.

Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak akaberekwa muSt Petersburg, November 4, 1874, panguva yaitonga Alexander II. dzidzo zvakadzama dzechitendero agamuchira kuburikidza mai vake, avo kazhinji akatora vana kuchechi. Rod akabva nhaka kwamachinda serviceman.

Akadzidza pachikoro chekare, uye pazera remakore 14 akapinda Marine Corps. Zviri pano sezvo kuyeukwa vomuzuva rake, kufarira kudzidza uye pfungwa basa.

Muna 1890, pakutanga akaenda kugungwa munzvimbo warrior frigate "Muchinda Pozharsky." Mumakore 18, akanga akasimudzira kuti sajeni. The kuchinja muupenyu hwake raiva gore 1894. Chekutanga, pashure pokurwara kwenguva refu, akafa mai Alexander Vasilyevich. Chechipiri, muRussia totaura simba, Nicholas II. Mambo wokupedzisira weRussia. Yakanga pokuwa Romanov youmambo, uye takatsunga mberi kutapwa Kolchak.

Kolchak musayendisiti

Vatsigiri shongwe Admiral Kolchak aitaura pamusoro pamabasa ake muminda zvesayenzi. Muna 1897, akatanga kuita tsvakurudzo ari vashandi ane chikepe ngarawa, izvo anoenda Korean chengarava Gensan. Ikoko Kolchak kuitisa zvidzidzo hydrological.

At pakutanga XX remakore Kolchak - mumwe havaoni yeRussian polar rwendo. Iye zvakananga akaenda kuNorway nokuda yokubvunza Nansen. July 18, 1900 vafambi tikaenda.

Vakakwanisa kuenda Gulf Gafner. Pano vakasiya yokuchengetera zvinhu zvokudya kuti muchirimo inotevera kutamira vanyura kweItari. Paakadzoka pechingoro Kolchak akapa mashoko akakwana mushumo, kuonga kwake muchadenga zvaanorumbidza kuita zvinokosha reserved pamepu, iyo inobva migumisiro rwendo rwake raiva Nansen.

Muchikamu chinotevera rwendo muchirimo 1901 takaenda kare pamusoro Sled. Vakaperekedza oceanographic tsvakurudzo, uyere udzamu, akadzidza mamiriro echando floes, Kolchak ave akatsaurira nguva yakawanda kuti zvaanorumbidza ose pano remagineti.

Rwendo mutungamiri Baron Toll akarumbidza pachavo mupiro Kolchak, kushandisa mashoko akadai sa "yakanakisisa mukuru rwendo." Nokuti kutanga zita Kolchak yaiva immortalized - vanonzi chitsuwa uye kuCape muna Taimyr Gulf.

Russian polar rwendo dzakaguma chete muna 1903. Kolchak vaine chikwata vakadzokera St. Petersburg.

Russian-Japanese hondo

Mashoko pakutanga Russian-Japanese Hondo 1904 akawana Kolchak mu Yakutsk. Vazhinji dzekare vanoonga basa rayo muhondo, saka ndinofunga kuti anofanira kuva shongwe Kolchak muna Irkutsk. Photos of Monument ichi vanofanira vashongedze tomes pamusoro guta.

Kolchak pakarepo akakumbira kutamira kune Navy Department, uye kwete kusiya vanoswerera basa nesayenzi. In Port Arthur, musi March 18, pakazosvika nguva Kurwisana rimwe nemwedzi nehafu.

Nokukurumidza, Alexander akaita kuchinjwa kuti minelayer "Cupid." Mazuva mashoma gare gare akava mukuru muparadzi "Angry". Mukomana mukuru aida kurwa, asi "zvakanaka" rinoreva yokuzviparadzanisa dzavaparadzi rechipiri uye kwaisanganisirei pamahombekombe ipapo takapfugama tikanyengetera ngarava chiteshi pamukova dziviriro. Pasinei neizvi, Kolchak ari inotsungirira yokungoitawo basa, izvo akada kudaro, uye kwakabatsira vakawanda kuti zvakafanana mhaka kudzivirira Port Arthur.

Pakupisa muhondo

Wokutanga basa guru Kolchak akaenda May 1st. Minelayer "Cupid" panguva ino ine emapoka maminitsi vaivamo asvika Gold Mountain, izvo riri pedyo zvikepe Japanese. Uye akaronga zvimbambaira makumi mashanu anoshongwa.

Panguva ino, "kutsamwa", pasi murayiro Kolchak, pamwe mumwe muparadzi vakaenda mberi, kubvisa nzira. Somugumisiro, zvakanaka munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva zvimbambaira rakavhuvhuta pakarepo maviri Japanese yehondo - "Jasim" uye "Hatsuse". Kubudirira uku wava chimwe chezvinhu nomukurumbira Pacific wavo chirongwa muhondo.

Pasinei nepurogiramu basa, kwakanga kune nzvimbo yokuti heroism Kolchak. Zuva nezuva akapinda kunopamba, vachiridzira panguva muvengi uye akaisa tiguu. Pausiku August 24, Alexander akasarudza nzvimbo yokuisa miniti, asi akanga kutadziswa ngarava Japanese. Rambai, Kolchak ndiro zuva raitevera shure ikoko uye zvichiri vakaisa 16 min. Vava dzinouraya kuti ngarawa "Takasago", iro rikanyudza, akapindira pamusoro pavo musi 30 October. Kubudirira uku kunozivikanwa sezvo yechipiri anoisvokosha muhondo Russian-Japanese.

Zviri mberi izvi uye chakaita kuti vakawanda vanotsigira kuti kumisa shongwe Kolchak muna Irkutsk (mufananidzo akurukurwa munyaya).

Zvisinei, pakazosvika nguva Kolchak akanga asiya chikepe, akakumbira nyika hondo. Pashure pezvose, munyika pachena huru zviitiko, zviri vakatsvaka mukati.

Akatanga aine bhatiri kwepfuti kurayira zvinzvimbo Rocky Mountain nharaunda. Kusvikira Kuregwa Port Arthur Kolchak akatungamirira atirari moto pamwe vokuJapan, kuti vadzivise kudenha yacho inifanduri. Panguva iyoyo Ndakaedza systematize chiitiko ichi, achizviratidza semusayendisiti. zvakarekodhwa ake vakakubatsira generalize ruzivo murwi uye vokutanga-kirasi strategist.

Nguva pfupi asati Kuregwa Port Arthur Kolchak vakuvara, izvo zvinowedzerwa rheumatism ake. Muna December, akanga ari muchipatara, uye muna April, akanga abviswa kuna Nagasaki. Vakakuvadzwa vakuru Russian vaibvumirwa kudzokera Russia. Kolchak akasvika St. Petersburg muna June 1905.

unoponesa rengarava

Pashure kuguma Hondo Russian-Japanese Kolchak akagumbuka chaizvo maererano kukundwa yeRussian Navy. Ichiitwa kwazvo basa iri bug. Somugumisiro, akava mumwe kiyi mukufambisira ake Pakusikwazve, hwokugadzira uye sangano mazuvaano.

Akatungamirira Naval tsvimbo, musi uyo kutanga muna 1906 yakaonekwa Naval General Staff. basa rayo, kunyanya, raisanganisira kugadzirira hondo zvirongwa.

Nemhaka Kolchak muRussia rakanga rarambidzwa zvomumvura vaverengwe - muitiro wacho zvikuru kuoma nevaduku vatariri kukwidziridzwa.

Alexander akava nyanzvi basa nokuda kwokudzivirira State Duma. Muna 1907, akataura pamusoro "Chii rengarava Russia aida" kwakavakirwa tsvakurudzo ake, kusanganisira muhondo yeRussia-Japanese. Pakupedzisira, basa iri yava chinokosha Russian shipbuilding indasitiri kusvikira pakutanga World War First. Muna 1908 iye kwaitsigirwa kuti mukuru rwechipiri.

Ndokusaka vakawanda vanodavira kuti Kolchak monument, iyo yakashongedzwa pikicha kabhuku rweIrkutsk ane kodzero iripo.

World The First

Kolchak akaratidza panguva World War First. Aiva nhengo kumuzinda kuBaltic Fleet, akakudziridza migodhi zvirongwa uye aigara achida kutora chikamu pakurwa.

Muna 1915, akava mukuru kuBaltic Fleet zvangu nokupesana, yava akakudziridza kumhara mashandiro ari German shure. Muhondo, zvinonzi zvakazara kuratidzwa kuva mucheri uye wengarava wavarwi. Muna 1916 iye kwaitsigirwa kurera Admiral. Muna 1917 akatora murayiro pamusoro Black Sea Fleet. Panguva iyoyo akanga ava namakore 41.

Vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofungidzira kuti Black Sea Fleet panguva Kolchak Command yabudirira zvikuru kubudirira. Rakaparadzwa zhinji revarwi vamapoka muvengi, hwakatadza kudzivisa kurwisa Russian pamhenderekedzo.

Panguva Revolution

Mamiriro dzakaderera yekudyidzana muna 1917. The Navy akawana simba Anti-hondo pfungwa, Kolchak akapinda hayo yavairwisana dikidiki Government. Akauya kuferefetwa nezvikonzero zvematongerwe enyika, uye aitofanira kusiya pambiru mukuru mukuru.

Pamusangano of dikidiki Hurumende Petrograd, Kolchak akapomera utungamiriri nemaune pokuwa hondo uye romugungwa. Uye kare panguva iyoyo zvakanga aionekwa somumwe vaida navadzvanyiriri. Chinangwa cheDare Bolsheviks kugumisa rugare vokuGermany vakawana paaiva kuJapan. Pashure nhau iyi vakatendeukira UK kutora kuti mauto.

Izvi zvinozoita pasi zvikuru pamberi pavanakomana simba izvo vaiwana Kolchak Aleksandr Vasilevich. Monument chakavakwa kwaari, saka achiri uye amenable kurwisa vavengi.

hondo yevanhu venyika imwe

Mushure asapinda White Volunteer Army, Kolchak akasarudzwa mutongi mukuru Russia. Panguva iyoyo ndiye aiva akakurumbira kupfuura nhamba kuSiberia. It akanzi tariro chikuru pavanotaurirana pamwe Bolsheviks.

Muchirimo cha1919, iye akasika uto rakasimba vanhu vanenge 400,000. Izvi zvakaitwa tichibatsirwa United States uye Entente, uyewo mukutora ndarama matura Russia. Pakutanga zvose zvakanaka, kubudikidza April paaimhanyisana Ural. Asi zvino akatevera dzakatevedzana vakakurirwa.

Muna November, pasi kufurirwa Red Army, Admiral akamanikidzwa kusiya Omsk. Muna January 1920 akanga ari Irkutsk iri mumaoko Bolsheviks. Monuments Kolchak muRussia haisati kuisa. The Monument muna Irkutsk chete. Chete muna 2014 yakati urongwa kuchengeta kuyeuka Admiral muna Sevastopol. Asi anosarudza Russian monarchist bato isina enyika chaiyo simba.