The nzvimbo - chii ichi? Shoko rokuti "dzinogarisana"

The nzvimbo - imwe nzvimbo pamusoro pemvura nyika kana mvura, izvo zvinotora imwe mhando chirimwa, mhuka, hove. Pane kunyange nesayenzi kuti vanodzidza chidzoke, kukura, kuvapo nzvimbo - areology. Human kukanganisa kwedu nyika zvokuti tinogona hedu kana netsaona inotunga, kuparadza, uye dzimwe nguva kuumba dzinogarisana nokuda kwezvimwe chezvisikwa.

Maumbirwe kwaasingasvikiri

Kudzidza chimwe mhando masayendisiti ataure gandiwa mitsara pamepu dzinogarisana. Zvakakosha kudzidza uye kunzwisisa mhando sei uye chii evanhu. Find maviri akafanana siyana dzinogarisana hazvibviri, asi chokudzingwa kwakadaro kana akawanda zvipenyu akakiyiwa pachitsuwa.

Areal - mifananidzo pamepu, zvinoreva muganhu dzinogarisana mhando. Zvingava yakasimba, ipazwe vanoverengeka zvidimbu kana tepi, akatambanudza pamwe menzizi, makomo dzegirini. Nzvimbo zvinogona hwakakanyiwa, pano Somuenzaniso, dzimwe mhando pomuouki kukura massively nechepakati Russia uye kumaodzanyemba yareba mumutsara.

Kana rudzi chakatasanurwa pamusoro nzvimbo huru, makondinendi akawanda, kunonzi siyana. Kazhinji undemanding zvipenyu vararame dzakasiyana okunze dzinodengenyeka, muwande nokukurumidza, uye zvikara uye vanhu havagoni kuderedza vanhu vadzo pasi razero.

Somugumisiro kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze anogona siyana chimiro kuwanda. Temperature uye mwando ndivo vanoshorwa nekuda mhando, uye anotanga kufa. mhando yakadaro inonzi kakasaririra, vane zvishoma residual nharaunda.

Very akafanana relict endemic kwemarudzi kuripo pamusoro muduku, asi akatsiga dzinogarisana.

izita

Kusiyanisa pakati pavo, uye vanowana nzvimbo mepu, vakanga yakagadzirwa chigadzirwa nhamba. Pashure pezvose, kana munharaunda - iyo inoona nezvenjodzi inozivikanwa nzvimbo, zvino ane Longitude uye Latitude. Zvisinei, okunze, zvakakosha kuti zvose zvamarudzi yokurarama venyama, anotomirira mumhu pamusoro pegungwa. Naizvozvo, kuwanda nhamba Nomenclature kuchibva Latitude chinoumba - Kureba mapazi kubva kuchamhembe kusvika kumaodzanyemba, chikamu Longitude - Kureba mapazi kubva kumabvazuva kusvika kumadokero, kukwira chinoumba - vertically pasi.

Sizes neeSultan

Nharaunda iri zvipenyu - icho nzvimbo anoverengeka mativi makiromita, iyo anogara imwe mhando mhuka kana chirimwa. Izvi zvinogona kuva chikamu nyika kana mvura, iyo inoremekedzwa vaviri makiromita mazana hectares. Under mumwe classifications, neeSultan vari kusiyaniswa saizi yavo yakatetepa dzomunharaunda yose.

Duku uye achizvininipisa vari mhuka munyika. Izvi zvingava mupata kana, Ukuwo, seri, uko okunze uye yakasiyana zviri murwiyo ivhu kwakasimbiswa chaiyo mhando Hazel uye kumwe chinopukunyuka. Chinhu muenzaniso wakanaka kuwanda harwuna rakamanikana omunharaunda mubako. Zvisikwa zvipenyu izvi ezvinhu, inonzi endemic, akadai pasi beetles-Bryzgunov vanorarama chete mukati imwe kana mbiri anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Caucasian. Chinenge nemhando dzose flightless tupukanana vari endemic.

Next pakukura ndiyo nzvimbo vemo kwavari - subregional uye emunharaunda. Poliregionalny nzvimbo yevanhu - kundima kuti zvaiva mumakondinendi akawanda, asi kwete kupfuura vatatu, muenzaniso mhando pamwe kugadzirisa ptarmigan. Nzvimbo muna Eurasia uyewo vaiona poliregionalnymi. Pashure ose kunogona kuvapo Europe, Siberia uye kuFar East yose. Asi kazhinji nzvimbo dzakadaro unhu mhuka hwemvura, hove, zvinomera.

A siyana nzvimbo - mumwe wenyika iyo zvinotora makondinendi dzinenge nhatu. Akadaro rakapararira, mamwe marudzi hwemvura uye Marsh zvinomera, mhuka zvomumvura nezvipembenene.

mienzaniso vanhu

Nzvimbo yemhuka dzakawanda uye zvirimwa ndiwo anoita zvakafanana. Rangarirai, nokuti chokwadi munoziva mhuka mhando kuti anogara pachena chete steppes, achinaya mvura, marshes, jecha. anoziva munharaunda yake, chii kuti vadye, anogona kuvanza uye kubereka. Muna inowanzorimwa kwemarudzi vakadai ndivo hamsters, pasi squirrels, Prairie mapete nevamwe. Lapland plantain zvakunokura achinaya mvura uye boreal nezizi upenyu uye anovhima iri taiga musango. The Range inogona kuwedzerwa kwaro chimiro, kazhinji pamwe nzizi kana neeSultan gomo. Izvi imhaka okunze maitiro. Vazhinji Wetland mhuka vanogara nzvimbo idzi uye Freshwater hove hapana sarudzo asi kurarama murwizi.

Dzimwe muganhu kuwanda rinowanika somugumisiro mupenyu kunze kwenyika ayo imwe mukwikwidzi mhando. Somuenzaniso, Sable, the marten kazhinji kurarama parutivi, asi pamusoro munharaunda muvakidzani, regai kuenda.

Zvikonzero pakakoromoka munzvimbo

Natural dzinogarisana mhando - ichi hachisi chinoramba nzvimbo, munewo maburi. Izvi zvinoitika nezvikonzero zvakasiyana. Munguva yedu, chikuru chinokonzera pakakoromoka munzvimbo akava murume. Kuparadzwa kwemasango, mudziyo madhamu, zvikasabudiswa pamusoro wetlands, kuvakwa Hydroelectric simba zvinomera - izvi zvose zvinotungamirira kutsakatika kwemarudzi zvemhuka, zvinomera uye nezvipembenene.

Zvinoitika kuti okunze hapana musiyano, asi nzvimbo - zviri zvakare mufananidzo-vanoyeukwa, izvo chakaratidza miganhu muganhu, zvakaoma kutsanangura. Anofungidzirwa kare zvakasiyana-siyana okunze, uye mhando achizvipesanisa, akaramba achiyeukwa kuti panoparadzana nzvimbo iri ngozi kwaari. The nyore muenzaniso ndechokuti mhuka dzakawanda nemhuka vanogara mativi ose Mountains Ural, asi havana mhando izvi pachazvo. A chamois Asiwo kuti YOMUMAKOMO, achideredza kureba kuparadzana nzvimbo anova. Vakadarovo chamois aripo pamusoro pamakomo siyana.

Kugadzikana dzinogarisana miganhu

Border, kunyange kwakaratidzwa pamepu, asi vanogona kuchinja nguva dzose. Zvichida chete chisingaperi chitsuwa nzvimbo. vamwe kuchinja All nokuchinja kwemamiriro okunze. Kana chando chakanyanyisa uye yakasimba chando goko nondo dzinotanga kuwedzera kutendeuka dzenyu, muende kunzvimbo itsva kutsvaka zvokudya, zvikasadaro ivo achaurayiwa. Eger ndikavapa kuramba wayo siyana.

Somugumisiro kwepasi aigona uchanyauka chando uye akaputsika kamwe chete nzvimbo. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe mhando anogona kuneteswa, kwete kuti nguva kuchinjira kumamiriro ezvinhu matsva, uye ichatsiva mumwe. Found chete paleontologists nharo Muchiitiko chakadaro. Kuti nzvimbo - ichi hachisi hwega miganhu vematunhu, chatinofanira kurwa. Vose vanhu: "Unoda kurarama - kudzidza chamupidigori!"